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简介：Ernest Hemingway: The Oak Park Legacy is the first extensive examination of the relationship of Hemingway to his hometown, Oak Park, Illinois, and the influence its people, places, and underlying values had on his early work. In this volume, 11 leading Hemingway scholars explore various aspects of these issues, from the migration of the Hemingway family from Connecticut to Illinois in the 1850s, to Hemingway's high-school stories and the dramatic breakthrough of In Our Time and The Sun Also Rises . With these books, Hemingway suddenly became one of the most influential writers of the 20th century. The essays in this collection explore the social and family background that provided the material and sensibility for these literary masterpieces. In these essays, James Nagel provides the first account ever published of the move of the Hemingway family from Connecticut to Illinois. Writing his account after the discovery of a lost diary by one of Hemingway's ancestors, Nagel explores dates and places, the motivation for the move to the Midwest, and the tragedies that awaited the family there, including the death of two young men in the Civil War. Michael Reynolds, the premiere biographer of Ernest Hemingway, describes the culture of the village of Oak Park at the turn of the century, and Larry E. Grimes presents an important new assessment of the religious training the Hemingway children received. David Marut discusses the short stories Hemingway published while still a highschool student, and Carlos Azevedo, Mary Anne O'Neal, Abby H. P. Werlock, and George Monteiro examine the early stories about Nick Adams. In an insightful afterword, Morris Buske, the Historian of the Ernest Hemingway Foundation of Oak Park, reflects on the differing values of Ernest Hemingway's parents, the artistic, cultured Hall family as opposed to the scientific, more practical Hemingways, charting the influence the two traditions had on the young Ernest.

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简介：Summary: Publisher Summary 1 Ethical concepts are, or purport to be, normative. They make claims on us: they command, oblige, recommend, or guide. But where does their authority over us come from? Christine Korsgaard identifies and examines four accounts of the source of normativity that have been advocated by modern moral philosophers--voluntarism, realism, reflective endorsement, and the appeal to autonomy--and shows how Kant's autonomy-based account emerges as a synthesis of the other three. Her discussion is followed by commentary from G.A. Cohen, Raymond Geuss, Thomas Nagel, and Bernard Williams, and a reply by Korsgaard.   Publisher Summary 2 Korsgaard's discussion of the source of normativity is followed by commentary from four distinguished philosophers.  

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简介：The text of this Norton Critical Edition is that of the first edition of the novel, published by D. Appleton & Company in 1895, conservatively emended. As in previous editions, Crane’s uncancelled but unpublished manuscript pages, including his discarded Chapter XII, are presented in an appendix. To assist the reader, the editor has annotated obscure terms and allusions. 　　'Backgrounds and Sources' contains biographical, historical, and contextual material on both The Red Badge of Courage and the war fiction genre. 　　Frederick Crews, Donald Pizer, Harold R. Hungerford, Eric Solomon, and J. C. Levenson provide the framework for understanding the novel as both literature and history. 　　A selection of Stephen Crane’s letters and an illustration from the battle of Chancellorsville, upon which the novel is based, are also included. 　　'Criticism' is a collection of fourteen essays (six of them new to the Third Edition) representing the best of what has been written about The Red Badge of Courage, from the earliest estimates to the expressions of current schools of critical interpretation. 　　Early assessments by Stephen Crane (in a self-judgment), George Wyndham, and Frank Norris are accompanied by those of mid-to late-twentieth-century critics R. W. Stallman, John E. Hart, Charles C. Walcutt, John Fraser, Robert M. Rechnitz, Harry B. Henderson, James Nagel, Donald Pizer, Amy Kaplan, David Halliburton, and James Cox. A new Chronology and an updated Selected Bibliography are also included.

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简介："If there is such a thing as reason, it has to be universal. Reason must reflect objective principles whose validity is independent of our point of view - principles that anyone with enough intelligence ought to be able to recognize as correct. But this universality of reason is what relativists and subjectivists deny in ever-increasing numbers. And such subjectivism is not just an inconsequential intellectual flourish or badge of theoretical chic. It is exploited to deflect argument and to belittle the pretensions of the arguments of others. The continuing spread of this relativistic way of thinking threatens to make public discourse increasingly difficult and unproductive." "In The Last Word, Thomas Nagel, one of the most influential philosophers writing in English, presents a sustained defense of reason against the attacks of subjectivism, delivering systematic rebuttals of relativistic claims with respect to language, logic, science, and ethics. He shows that the last word in disputes about the objective validity of any form of thought must lie in some unqualified thoughts about how things are - thoughts that we cannot regard from outside as mere psychological dispositions. His work sets a new standard in the debate on this crucially important question and should generate intense interest both within and outside the philosophical community."--BOOK JACKET.

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简介： Thomas begins by clarifying and defending Nagel's basic metaphysical contrast between subjective and objective ways of thinking about the world. He shows how a proper understanding of radically perspectival views of the world allows one to defend some of Nagel's most important claims about the mind, tracing his influential work in the philosophy of mind from his early paper on physicalism to his recent defence of a form of dual aspect theory. Thomas then turns to ethics, where Nagel's influence is pre-eminent, following the development of his views from his contrast between subjective and objective reasons in his early work to his later hybrid ethical theory. The volume concludes with an examination of Nagel's political philosophy, particularly his recent controversial work on global justice.

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简介：Summary: Publisher Summary 1 The most comprehensive collection of its kind, Ethics: History, Theory, and Contemporary Issues, Third Edition, is organized into three parts, providing instructors with flexibility in designing and teaching a variety of courses in moral philosophy. The first part, Historical Sources, moves from classical thought (Plato, Aristotle, Epicurus, and Epictetus) through medieval views (Augustine and Aquinas) to modern theories (Hobbes, Butler, Hume, Kant, Bentham, and Mill), culminating with leading nineteenth- and twentieth-century thinkers (Nietzsche, James, Dewey, Camus, and Sartre). The second part, Modern Ethical Theory, includes many of the most important essays of the past century. The discussion of utilitarianism, Kantianism, egoism, and relativism continues in the work of major contemporary philosophers (Foot, Brandt, Williams, Wolf, and Nagel). Landmark selections (Moore, Prichard, Ross, Ayer, Stevenson, Hare, Baier, Anscombe, Gauthier, and Harman) reflect concern with moral language and the justification of morality. The concepts of justice (Rawls) and rights (Feinberg) are explored, as well as recent views on the importance of virtue ethics (Rachels) and an ethic influenced by feminist concerns (Held). In the third part, Contemporary Moral Problems, the readings present the current debates over abortion, euthanasia, famine relief, animal rights, the death penalty, and whether numbers should play a role in making moral decisions. The third edition expands Part II, Modern Ethical Theory, adding essays by Onora O'Neill, Ruth Barcan Marcus, Allan Gibbard, Nicholas L. Sturgeon, and Martha Nussbaum. Part III, Contemporary Moral Problems, features new essays on abortion by Mary Anne Warren, Don Marquis, and Rosalind Hursthouse; an essay on the death penalty by Stephen Nathanson; and a debate between John M. Taurek and Derek Parfit on when and why one should save from harm a greater rather than a lesser number of people. The book concludes with an essay by Judith Jarvis Thomson on the trolley problem. Wherever possible, each reading is printed in its entirety.  

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简介：Summary: Publisher Summary 1 Starting in the 1490's, Italy passed through a phase of religious conflict, one that anticipated and ran parallel to the Reformations of northern Europe. A season of controversy put religious images newly under scrutiny, provoking radical investigations into their modes and traditions. Could they reliably convey sacred truth and power, and if so, how? Was the artist a transmitter or an interpreter, or both? Did Christian art have its own logic and legitimacy, or was it part of a long series of formal adaptations that began in deep antiquity? The most vocal religious critics in Italy were also, very often, the most refined patrons of art. Skepticism about images was redirected back into the art, again and again turning controversy into an aesthetic occasion. Working at the limits of the available media, artists such as Leonardo da Vinci, Fra Bartolommeo, Giorgione, Michelangelo, Raphael, Giulio Romano, Andrea Riccio, Rosso Fiorentino, Titian, Michele Sanmicheli, and Jacopo Sansovino successively dismantled and reconstituted the categories of art-making. Hardly capable of sustaining a program of reform, the experimental art of this period was succeeded by a new era of cultural codification in the second half of the sixteenth century. The Controversy of Renaissance Art is a major reappraisal of a critical period of art-making from one of our most acclaimed historians of art.   Publisher Summary 2 Many studies have shown that images鈥攖heir presence in the daily lives of the faithful, the means used to control them, and their adaptation to secular uses鈥攚ere at the heart of the Reformation crisis in northern Europe.聽 But the question as it affects the art of Italy has been raised only in highly specialized studies.聽In this book, Alexander Nagel provides the first truly synthetic study of the controversies over religious images that pervaded Italian life both before and parallel to the Reformation north of the Alps. Tracing the intertwined relationship of artistic innovation and archaism, as well as the new pressures placed on the artistic media in the midst of key developments in religious iconography, The Controversy of Renaissance Art offers an important and original history of humanist thought and artistic experimentation from one of our most acclaimed historians of art.聽  

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简介：Der Gesetzgeber hat mit dem Signaturgesetz bereits vor mehr als 10 Jahren einen Rechtsrahmen geschaffen, der die Verwendung, Anforderungen und Rechtsfolgen von elektronischen Signaturen regelt. Dennoch haben sich elektronische Signaturen noch nicht am Markt durchsetzen k枚nnen. Heiko Ro脽nagel untersucht die Ursachen f眉r den fehlenden Markterfolg mit Hilfe der Diffusions- und Adoptionstheorie. Als zentrale Hemmnisfaktoren identifiziert er die geringe Zahl von Anwendungen und fehlende Strategien zum Erreichen der kritischen Masse sowie wenig erfolgreiche Gesch盲ftsmodelle der Anbieter von Zertifizierungsdiensten. Der Autor stellt mobile qualifizierte elektronische Signaturen als Alternative vor und analysiert deren technische und rechtliche Machbarkeit. Dabei werden neue Anwendungen vorgestellt und alternative Gesch盲ftsmodelle und Einf眉hrungsstrategien diskutiert. Mittels einer Wirtschaftlichkeitsanalyse zeigt er schlie脽lich, unter welchen Voraussetzungen sich Investitionen in mobile qualifizierte elektronische Signaturen f眉r Mobilfunkanbieter und Zertifizierungsdienstleister rechtfertigen lassen.

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简介：James Nagel offers the first systematic history and definition of the short-story cycle as exemplified in contemporary American fiction, bringing attention to the format's wide appeal among various ethnic groups. He examines in detail eight recent manifestations of the genre, all praised by critics while uniformly misidentified as novels. Nagel proposes that the short-story cycle, with its concentric as opposed to linear plot development possibilities, lends itself particularly well to exploring themes of ethnic assimilation, which mirror some of the major issues facing American society today. Book jacket.

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简介："Introduction of Philosophy: Classical and Contemporary Readings is a topically organized collection that covers five major areas of philosophy - theory of knowledge, philosophy of religion, philosophy of mind, freedom and determinism, and moral philosophy. Editor Louis P. Pojman enhances the text's topical organization by arranging the selections into a pro/con format to help students better understand opposing arguments. He also includes accessible introductions to each part, subsection, and individual reading, a unique feature for an anthology of this depth. While the book focuses on a compelling sampling of classical material - including selections from Plato, Aristotle, Descartes, Locke, Berkeley, Hume, and Kant - it also incorporates some of philosophy's best twentieth-century and contemporary work, featuring articles by Bertrand Russell, Richard Taylor, John Searle, Thomas Nagel, and others."--BOOK JACKET.

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简介：Summary: Publisher Summary 1 Over the past twenty-five years, Thomas Nagel has played a major role in the philosophico-biological debate on subjectivity and consciousness. This extensive collection of published essays and reviews offers Nagel's opinionated views on the philosophy of mind, epistemology, and political philosophy, as well as on fellow philosophers like Freud, Wittgenstein, Rawls, Dennett, Chomsky, Searle, Nozick, Dworkin, and MacIntyre.  

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简介：Summary: Publisher Summary 1 Nagel (philosophy and law, New York U.) assembles 18 essays published between 1994 and 2002 in various specialized and popular periodicals and other anthologies. They explore themes and views relating to privacy. Annotation c. Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)   Publisher Summary 2 Thomas Nagel is widely recognized as one of the top American philosophers working today. Reflecting the diversity of his many philosophical preoccupations, this volume is a collection of his most recent critical essays and reviews. The first section, Public and Private, focuses on the notion of privacy in the context of social and political issues, such as the impeachment of President Clinton. The second section, Right and Wrong, discusses moral, political and legal theory, and includes pieces on John Rawls, G.A. Cohen, and T.M. Scanlon, among others. The final section, Mind and Reality, features discussions of Richard Rorty, Donald Davidson, and the Sokal hoax, and closes with a substantial new essay on the mind-body problem. Written with characteristic rigor, these pieces reveal the intellectual passion underlying the incisive analysis for which Nagel is known.  

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简介："One of the central debates within contemporary Anglo-American political philosophy concerns how to formulate an egalitarian theory of distributive justice which gives coherent expression to egalitarian convictions and withstands the most powerful and anti-egalitarian objections. This book brings together many of the key contributions to that debate by some of the world's leading political philosophers: Richard Arneson, G. A. Cohen, Ronald Dworkin, Thomas Nagel, Derek Partit, John Rawls, T. M. Scanlon, and Larry Temkin."--BOOK JACKET.

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简介：In this cogent and accessible introduction to philosophy, the distinguished author of Mortal Questions and The View From Nowhere sets forth the central problems of philosophical inquiry for the beginning student. Arguing that the best way to learn about philosophy is to think about its questions directly, Thomas Nagel considers possible solutions to nine problems--knowledge of the world beyond our minds, knowledge of other minds, the mind-body problem, free will, the basis of morality, right and wrong, the nature of death, the meaning of life, and the meaning of words. Although he states his own opinions clearly, Nagel leaves these fundamental questions open, allowing students to entertain other solutions and encouraging them to think for themselves.

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简介：Derived from Thomas Nagel's Locke Lectures, Equality and Partiality proposes a nonutopian account of political legitimacy, based on the need to accommodate both personal and impersonal motives in any credible moral theory, and therefore in any political theory with a moral foundation. Within each individual, Nagel believes, there is a division between two standpoints, the personal and the impersonal. Without the impersonal standpoint, there would be no morality, only the clash, compromise, and occasional convergence of individual perspectives. It is because a human being does not occupy only his own point of view that each of us is susceptible to the claims of others through private and public morality. Political systems, to be legitimate, must achieve an integration of these two standpoints within the individual. These ideas are applied to specific problems such as social and economic inequality, toleration, international justice, and the public support of culture. Nagel points to the problem of balancing equality and partiality as the most important issue with which political theorists are now faced.

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简介：Praised for its accessibility and comprehensiveness, Philosophy: The Quest for Truth provides an excellent selection of classical and contemporary readings on nineteen key problems in philosophy. Louis Pojman has carefully organized the essays in each section so that they present pro/con dialogues that allow students to compare and contrast the philosophers' positions. Topics covered include the nature of philosophy, the existence of God, immortality, knowledge, the mind-body question, personal identity, free will and determinism, ethics, political philosophy, and the meaning of life. The fifth edition offers selections from Plato, Rene Descartes, John Locke, David Hume, William James, Bertrand Russell, John Hick, John Hospers, and James Rachels--as well as essays by Aristotle, Thomas Aquinas, Blaise Pascal, Thomas Hobbes, George Berkeley, Immanuel Kant, Gilbert Ryle, Albert Camus, Jean-Paul Sartre, Friedrich Nietzsche, Alvin Plantinga, and many others.In Philosophy: The Quest for Truth, 5th edition, Pojman offers substantial introductions to each of the nineteen philosophical problems. In addition, each of the seventy-three readings is accompanied by an individual introduction with a biographical sketch of the philosopher, study questions, and reflective questions that challenge students to analyze and critique the material. Short bibliographies following each major section, an appendix on how to read and write philosophy papers, and a detailed glossary further enhance the text's pedagogical value. Invaluable for introductory courses in philosophy, this highly acclaimed text inspires and guides students' quest for wisdom.The fifth edition adds new study questions and nine new articles:* Father F. C. Copleston and Bertrand Russell: "A Debate on the Argument from Contingency"* Corliss Lamont: "Freedom of the Will and Human Responsibility"* Richard Taylor: "Fate"* Louis Pojman: "A Critique of Ethical Egoism"* Robert Paul Wolff: "In Defense of Anarchism"* Brian Barry: "A Cosmopolitan Theory of International Society"* Thomas Nagel: "The Absurd"* Thurgood Marshall: "The Death Penalty Is a Denial of Human Dignity"* Burton Leiser: "The Death Penalty Is Permissible"

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简介：Consciousness is neither miraculous nor ultimately mysterious. In this broad, entertaining, and persuasive account Owen Flanagan argues that we are on the way to understanding consciousness and its place in the natural order. No aspect of consciousness escapes Flanagan's probe. Qualia, self-consciousness, autobiographical memory, perceptions, sensations, the stream of consciousness, disorders such as blindsight, various kinds of amnesia, and multiple personality all find a place in a constructive theory that brings into reflective equilibrium insights from a wide array of disciplines to reveal the deep, rich, and complex hidden structure of consciousness. Flanagan roams freely through a variety of scientific and philosophical domains, showing how it is possible to understand human consciousness in a way that gives its subjective, phenomenal aspects their full due while at the same time taking into account the neural bases of subjectivity. The result is a powerful synthetic theory of consciousness, a "constructive naturalism," according to which subjective consciousness is real, plays an important causal role, and resides in the brain. Flanagan draws the reader into a world of exciting current debates among such philosophers as Thomas Nagel, Daniel Dennett, Paul Churchland, Patricia Churchland, and Colin McGinn, and he makes this world accessible. He masterfully weaves the latest insights from theory and research in cognitive neuroscience, neural darwinism, connectionist brain architecture, and PET scanners to reveal clear links between events that "seem a certain way" and underlying neural activity. William James's famous phenomenological analysis of consciousness and neurologically impaired characters from the writings of Oliver Sacks and A. R. Luria join the narrative, providing valuable insights into important current controversies on the relation of consciousness to self. Owen Flanagan is Class of 1919 Professor of Philosophy at Wellesley College.

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简介：Klienten und Berater haben unterschiedliche Bilder und Vorstellungen in Bezug auf Beratungsprozesse. Diese unausgesprochenen Bilder sind von zentraler Bedeutung f眉r die Arbeitsbeziehung zwischen Berater und Klient und damit auch f眉r die Erfolgschancen in der Beratung. Die Autoren ermitteln auf der Basis ihrer empirischen Forschung drei typische Bilder und die damit verbundenen "Spiele" in der Beratungspraxis: Beratung als Dienstleistung, als politisches Spiel und als Emanzipierungsprozess. Die Forschungsergebnisse werden reichhaltig mit konkreten Aussagen und Berichten von Kunden und Beratern illustriert. Praktiker werden anhand dieser Analysen in die Lage versetzt, ihre eigenen, individuellen Bilder zu erkunden und damit ihre Beratungspraxis zu 眉berpr眉fen und neu auszurichten. Das Buch richtet sich an organisationsinterne und -externe Berater, F眉hrungskr盲fte und Manager, HRM-Verantwortliche und (interne) Personal- und Organisationsentwickler sowie an Studierende und Dozenten der Wirtschaftswissenschaften. Prof. Dr. Werner R. M眉ller lehrt Management mit dem Schwerpunkt Organisation, F眉hrung und Personalmanagement an der Universit盲t Basel. Prof. Dr. Erik Nagel ist Dozent an der Hochschule f眉r Wirtschaft Luzern sowie stellvertretender Institutsleiter und Forschungskoordinator des Instituts f眉r Betriebs- und Regional枚konomie. Prof. Dr. Michael Zirkler ist Assistenzprofessor am Lehrstuhl f眉r Organisation, F眉hrung und Personal der Universit盲t Basel.

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简介：Ordnungs- und Regulierungsstrukturen bei der Ausgestaltung der Informationsgesellschaft diskutieren f眉hrende Vertreter von Regulierungsorganisationen aus Bund und L盲ndern, im interdisziplin盲ren und intersektoralen Dialog skizzieren Wissenschaftler und Praktiker strategische Aspekte der multimedialen Breitbandkommunikation. Die Konvergenz der Medien erzwingt Entscheidungen dar眉ber, ob die bisherigen Ordnungsstrukturen ausreichend sind und welche neue Strukturen erarbeitet werden m眉ssen. Das Recht bildet den Ordnungsrahmen, andererseits brauchen technische, wirtschaftliche und gesellschaftliche Innovationen Freiheit, eine "Gasse f眉r Innovation". Im Urheberrecht, den Schutzrechten f眉r Jugend und Verbraucher, im umfassenden Medienrecht, in der globalen Governance sowie in neuen 枚konomischen Ans盲tzen f眉r die Errichtung technischer Infrastrukturen liegen zentrale Gestaltungsaufgaben f眉r die Informationsgesellschaft. Die Autoren: Karsten Altenhain, Walter Berner, Michael Bobrowski, Peter Bro脽, Alfred B眉llesbach, Hans-J枚rg Bullinger, Wolfgang Coy, Stefan Doeblin, Thomas Dreier, Dieter Elixmann, Axel Garbers, Hansj眉rgen Garstka, Ludwig Gramlich, Hans Hege, Thomas Hirschle, Thomas Hoeren, Bernd Holznagel, Klaus Kamps, Hans-J. Kleinsteuber, Wolfgang Kleinw盲chter, Thomas Kleist, Dieter Klumpp, Daniel Krone, Herbert Kubicek, Matthias Kurth, Thomas Langheinrich, Lutz Mahnke, Werner Meier, Verena Metze-Mangold, Edda M眉ller, J枚rg-Uwe Nieland, Karl-Heinz Neumann, Arnold Picot, Ulrich Reimers, Alexander Ro脽nagel, Peter Schaar, Heribert Schatz, Wolfgang Schulz, Josef Trappel, Stephan A. Weichert, Brigitte Zypries

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简介：The Contradictions of Modern Moral Philosophy is a highly original and radical critique of contemporary moral theory. Paul Johnston demonstrates that much recent moral philosophy is confused about the fundamental issue of whether there are correct moral judgements. He shows that the standard modern approaches to ethics cannot justify - or even make much sense of - traditional moral beliefs. Applied rigorously, these approaches suggest that we should reject ethics as a set of outdated and misguided claims. Rather than facing up to this conclusion, most recent moral philosophy consists of attempts to find some ways of preserving moral beliefs. This places a contradiction at the heart of moral philosophy. As a resilt it is often impossible to tell whether a contemporary philosopher ultimately rejects or endorses the idea of objective right and wrong. On the basis of a Wittgenstein approach Paul Johnston puts forward an alternative account of ethics that avoids this contradiction and recognises that the central issues of ethics cannot be resolved by conceptual analysis. He then uses this account to highlight the contradictions of important contemporary moral theorists such as Bernard Williams, Alasdair MacIntyre, Thomas Nagel and Charles Taylor.