April First April Fish

作者：  扬歌编著;季青插图

出版社：天津教育出版社,2002

简介：有一个同学写的作文叫做My Family，文中尽是幸福美满的描述，没想到最后一句的结论竟是：“We have a worm family.”让人丈二金刚摸不着头脑。原来，他把warm（温暖）写成了worm（虫虫），差一个字母，意思就全变了，可见英文词汇在学习英文的过程中是多么重要，可是，背英文单词真是很枯燥呢…… 现在，我们把学习英文单词变好玩了！ 在这本书中，除了30篇充满知识性的文章以外，还特别设计了纵横字谜的填字游戏，让你轻轻松松积累英文词汇，有趣又实用。

可食用景观规划、设计、构建、维护与管理完全指南

作者：  (美)April Philips著;申思译

出版社：电子工业出版社,2014

简介：《都市农业设计：可食用景观规划、设计、构建、维护与管理完全指南》是生态学、设计学和社区的交叉学科著作。书中的案例展示采自全球的项目和设计师，他们通过都市农业景观为建筑生态都市摸索出一条新的道路，同时创造出将食物种植引回城市的新方法，为更健康的社会生活和环境铺平了道路。　　本书从生态原则基础和食物棚应该是都市生态系统网络的一部分这一理念出发，勾勒出一种设计过程，这种设计过程基于系统思考，并发展为一种生命周期法或基于可再生的方法。同时也展示了相关的策略、工具和指导方针，它们使设计者能够基于规划、设计、预算、构造、维护、营销和提高再利用城市空间的可持续性而做出明智的决定。书中对于项目案例的研究表明了这些景观的环境、经济和社会价值，同时也揭示出一条通往更绿色、更健康的都市环境的道路。

The Father of Spin:Edward L.Bernays & the Birth of Public Relations

作者：  (美)赖瑞·泰伊(Larry Tye)著;刘体中译

出版社：海南出版社,2003

简介：《西方政治思想史》首要特色在于文字通俗流畅，所有介绍几乎皆以交谈讨论方式进行，因此口语化程度高，极易拉近作者与读者的距离。其次，作者比较着重近代及现代政治思想的发展，在800页左右的原稿中，15世纪以后的部分占了600多页，约为全书五分之四强。由于篇幅充裕，因此作者可以从容拒绝现代政治思想的流派，不仅包括了帕累托（Pareto）与弗洛伊德（Freud），甚至还涵盖到莫拉斯（Mauras）与奥克肖特（Oakeshott）。在20世纪行将完全走入历史之际，此书乃是惟一反映这种时代感的政治思想史通论。 前言 这是一本老式的政治思想史。书中为读者解述许多伟大的典藉。所以选择这些典籍，有的是因为它们本身有伟大之处，有的是因为它们对世界或其它典籍造成影响。我没有采取什么情节故事的主线。我试过，结果只做成一条断续浮现的主线。这部政治思想史可以说是从底下写起，注意统治者，也兼重被治者。我向来认为，历来论者对人民—有时称为暴民—所下的功夫一直不够。政治的素材是人，一位思想家对这素材的观点一定会影响他对政治可能及应有境界的想法。不过，我发现这样的写法很不容易维持，因为思想家关于政治共同体素材的看法往往深藏在他们的著作文字之中，这些文字篇章必须摆到刑架上拷问，才吐露实情。而人人都知道，拷问逼供得到的案情挺不可靠。 我讲授政治理论多年，这本书是个成果，但我仍有许多疑问。金恩（Bichard KIng）、卡瓦纳（Dennis Kavanagh）、与里根（David Regan）读过这些文字，给了我很好的建议。马可斯（Robert Markus）慷慨的化身，摩里斯（Peter Morris）的机智与智慧则一直令我惊喜。艾普莉·吉本（April Gibbon）处理打字稿，表现她一贯的慧思与耐心。我还要向我先前的两个学生表示谢意。史代普托（Lee Stptoe）在一次研讨会上的一个概念，使我怀疑社会主义的目的能以地道的社会主义手段达成，伊丽莎白·华特斯（Elizabeth Walters）则让我明白，关于柏拉图《理想国》里的卫士阶级，我有一个复杂的论证（而且我颇以为自豪的论证）完全没有必要。 最后，我要谢谢保林（Tom Paulin）。这些年来，要是没有他鼓励，并且在星期一晚上为我打气，这本书永远写不出来。

雾都孤儿:OLIVER TWIST

作者：  查尔斯·狄更斯

出版社：天津人民出版社 2018年04月

简介：

《雾都孤儿》以雾都伦敦为背景，讲述了一个孤儿悲惨的身世及遭遇，主人公奥立弗在孤儿院长大，经历学徒生涯，艰苦逃难，误入贼窝，又被迫与狠毒的凶徒为伍，历尽无数辛酸，*后在善良人的帮助下查明身世并获得了幸福。《雾都孤儿》描写了善与恶、美与丑、正义与邪恶的斗争，赞扬了人们天性中的正直和善良，也揭露抨击了当时英国慈善机构的虚伪和治安警察的专横。《雾都孤儿》为英文版，同时提供配套英文朗读免费下载，在品读精彩故事的同时，亦能提升英语阅读水平，下载方式详见图书封底博客链接。

Oliver Twist, CharlesDickens's second novel, was first published as a serial that began in Februaryof 1837 and ended in April of 1839. The story is about a child, whose motherhad died, that was sent to a workhouse. Oliver was an innocent and pure boy.When he was eleven, he was tried to be sold from the workhouse as anapprentice, but he escaped from there. In his way to London, he met a boycalled Artful Dodger and then ended up with Fagin, the leader of a gang ofthieves, who taught children how to steal.

OliverTwistis notable for its unromantic portrayal by Dickens of criminals and theirsordid lives, as well as for exposing the cruel treatment of the many orphansin London in the mid-19th century. In this early example of the social novel,Dickens satirizes the hypocrisies of his time, including child labor, therecruitment of children as criminals, and the presence of street children. Itis likely that Dickens's own youthful experiences contributed.

OliverTwist hasbeen the subject of numerous adaptations for various media, including a highlysuccessful musical play, Oliver!, andthe multiple Academy Award-winning 1968 motion picture. Disney also put itsspin on the novel with the animated film in 1988.

大学基础有机化学（秦川)(第二版）

作者：  秦川，荣国斌

出版社：化学工业出版社 2016年08月

简介：荣国斌 1964年进入复旦大学化学系化学专业学习，1982年获复旦大学理学硕士学位，1986年获中国科学院上海有机化学研究所理学博士学位并进入华东理工大学工作；2008年退休(三级教授)。1994年独立编著出版《高等有机化学基础》(该书第四版于2015年由化学工业出版社出版，国家“十一五”重点图书)；2000年主编出版《大学有机化学基础》(该书系“面向21世纪课程教材，2001年12月华东地区高校出版社第五届教材学术专著一等奖；2003年度上海市教材二等奖；第二版获2011年上海普通高校教材一等奖)；2007年主编出版《高等有机化学》；2011年与秦川合作出版《大学基础有机化学》(该书系“十二五”普通高等教育本科规划教材) 。另出版专著一种；有机化学专业的译作图书四种。秦川，华东理工大学化学与分子工程学院，副教授，1991年至今在有机化学教研组从事：有机化学教学，面向大二学生，96学时/年；有机化学实验教学，面向大二学生，240学时/年；短学期讲座。主要教学经历1984 年毕业留校，1991年从事有机化学教学工作至今。主要教学、科学研究、实践经历已在国内外期刊上发表科研、教学论文10篇，  1、Water-Soluble Noncovalently Engineered Graphene-Neutral Red Nanocomposite with Photocurrent Generating Capacity   Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology  Vol. 11, 1–7, 2011   Xiaojun Shi1,2, Zhi Li1 ?, Xueping Ge1, Cunzhong Yang1, Bin Fang1, Jianjun Wei1,Haifen Xie1, Kunlong Zhang1, Xingcai An3, and Chuan Qin2?2、Synthesis and mesomorphic properties of resorcyldi[4-(4-alkoxy-2,3-diflorophenyl)ethynyl] benzoate liquid crystals   Liquid Crystals   Vol. 37, No. 4, April 2010, 427–433   ISSN 0267-8292    Ziming Li, Peter Salamon, Antal Jakli, KanWang, Chuan Qin*, Qing Yang, Cheng Liu and Jianxun Wen      SCI收录3、Synthesis and mesomorphic properties of some benzoate-tolanes containingperfluorophenylene unit CHINESE JOURNALOF CHEMISTRY 24(7), 910-916,2006 ISSN 1001-604X QIN, Chuan  RONG, Guo-Bin*  YU, Hong-Bin   WEN, Jian-Xun    SCI收录4、Synthesis and Mesomorphic Properties of Chiral Mesogens Bearing Fluorinated Alkyl Terminal Tails CHINESE JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY 24(1), 99-102, 2006 ISSN 1001-604X QIN, Chuan RONG, Guo-Bin* CHEN, Bao-Quan  WEN, Jian-Xun   SCI收录5、Synthesis and mesomorphic properties ofcholesterylp-2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-octafluoro-pentoxybenzoate  LIQUID CRYSTALS 31(12), 1677-1679, 2004  ISSN 0267-8292  CHUAN QIN*, GUO-BIN RONG, JIAN-XUN WEN, and ANIKO VAJDA and NANDOR EBER   SCI收录1、加强基础有机化学课程中的立体化学教学  秦 川  荣国斌 宁夏大学学报　自然科学版28,173，177, 2007  ISSN 0253-2328    2、在有机化学教学中加强案例教学 秦川  荣国斌 化工高等教育23(2), 84-85, 2006  ISSN1000-6168    3、有机化学课程进行开卷考试的体会  新世纪应用化学教学理论与实践 秦川  荣国斌103-105, 2006.1.  

Selected fluorination in organic and bioogranic chemistry ACS Symposium series 456

作者：  John T.Welch

出版社：

简介：Contains the proceedings of a symposium in Boston, April 1990, which explored the use of organofluorine compounds to alter the molecular properties of biological systems for industrial or research purposes. Covering theory, the synthesis of compounds, and biological compounds, the 14 papers discuss such topics as bond energies in reactive intermediates, perfluorated alkenes and dienes, and stereocontrolled synthesis.

Yiqiao cemetery of the Han Dynasty and the Six Dynasties in Yuhang

作者：  唐俊杰主编;余杭区博物馆编著

出版社：文物出版社,2010

简介：　　 The Yiqiao义桥cemetery(N 30°17’40”，E 119°54’07”)is 4 km 　　northwest of the Yuhang余杭Town in western Yuhang District， 　　Hangzhou杭州City，Zhejiang浙江Province，and 2．5 km north of the 　　Tiaoxi苕溪Spring，between the Tianmushan天目山Mountains in its 　　west and south，and the plain area in its east．It is on the 　　slopes of several small hills including the Sheshantou蛇山头hill， 　　the Guojiatou郭家头hill and the Wangjiashan王家山hill，with the 　　Yiqiao Village in its east，the No．15 provincial highway in its 　　north，the Yangmeiling杨梅岭and Xin’anqian新庵前Villages in its 　　west and the Anshan安山Village in its south．The hills which are 4 　　to 28 meters above sea level were covered by tea trees before but 　　now have been left hncultivated due to the local industrial 　　development． 　　 In April 2007，ancient burials were unearthed during the 　　construction of the Yuhang Industry Development Limited Company． 　　After signing an agreement with the developer，the Hangzhou 　　Municipal Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology and the 　　Yuhang District Museum organized a cooperative archaeological team 　　and conducted a salvage excavation from May 22nd to July 1 0th， 　　during which 64 burials had been discovered in an area of 1 500 sq 　　meters．The burials include 1 of the pre—Qin period，47 of the 　　Han汉Dynasty，1 3 of the Six Dynasties，2 of the Song宋Dynasty and 　　1 of the Qing清Dynasty．Totally 522 pieces(sets)artifacts were 　　unearhed．Besides，63 pieces of artifacts probably from the 　　burials had been collected． 　　 This monograph is a detailed report on the 60 burials of the 　　Han Dynasty and the Six Dynasties．Information of the other four 　　burials is in the appendix．Collected artifacts of different 　　periods are described after the reports of the burials of their 　　related periods． 　　 The 60 burials of the Han to the Six Dynasties periods can be 　　divided into two types：earth—shaft burials which are relatively 　　well preserved，and the brick—chamber burials many of the which 　　had been looted long ago．The earth—shaft burials can be further 　　divided into two sub—types：the rectangular—shaped burials and 　　the handIe—knife—shaped burials．Some shafts are wider and some 　　are narrower．The brick—chamber burials are rectangular—shaped， 　　凸—shaped，handle—knife—shaped or T—shaped．Some have front 　　and back chambers． 　　 Burials offerings in the earth—shaft burials are relatively 　　larger in number and more various in types comparing with those in 　　the brick—chamber burials．Totally 406 pieces(sets)of ceramic， 　　porcelain，bronze，iron，silver，stone and glass offerings were 　　unearthed from the 60 burials．Ceramic objects take the highest 　　percentage，followed by porcelain objects and bronze／iron objects 　　． 　　 The 321 ceramic objects(79．1％of the total artifacts)are 　　mainly gray—brown or gray—green in color and green—yellow 　　glazed．They obviously belong to the green —glaze tradition of 　　the Southern China．Most of them were hand—made，some with the 　　help of moulds，and wheel mended．Main surface decorations 　　include the string—pattern and curved flourish designs．Some of 　　them are imitations of bronze ritual vessels．Some might have been 　　articles for daily use，some were specially made as burial 　　offerings．Sixteen bronze mirrors and two iron ding鼎tripods were 　　found in the burials． 　　 Only two out of the 60 burials have direct stratigraphic 　　relationships and none of them have artifacts with accurate date． 　　Mainly based on the structures of the burials and typological 　　research on burial offerings，we divided the burials into eight 　　phases：phase Ⅰ dating to the early Western Han，phase Ⅱ dating 　　to the Middle Western Han，phase Ⅲ dating to the Late Western Han 　　，phase IV dating to the Xin Mang新莽period，phase V dating to the 　　Early Eastern Han，phase VI dating to the Middle and Late Eastern 　　Han．phase VII dating to the Western Jin晋and phase ⅤⅢ dating to 　　the Eastern Jin． 　　 Some rules can be recognized from the distribution of burials 　　．Seventeen earth—shaft burials are located on the slopes of the 　　hills near Guojiatou in the north，while nine are on the slopes of 　　the hills near Sheshantou in the south．It seems that earlier 　　burials are usually higher and later burials have kept moving down 　　slope．Nineteen brick—chamber burials are on the slopes near 　　Guojiatou，while 17 of them are on the slopes near Sheshantou． 　　Significantly，ten of the 21 Eastern Han brick—chamber burials 　　concentrated around Sheshantou．Eight of the nine Western Jin 　　burials are on the western top of Sheshantou．Two of the four 　　Eastern Jin burials are on the eastern top of Sheshantou．Eastern 　　Han brick—chamber burials are usually on the middle slope，while 　　those of the Six Dynasties are usually near the top．Based on the 　　excavation，we know that these hills had been used as burial 　　ground as early as in the Warring State period．The small 　　population size resulted in the small number of burials．This area 　　had become an important cemetery during the Han and the Six 　　Dynasties．The earliest burials of this period are on the northern 　　slopes of Guojiatou．From the Eastern Han，burials had gradually 　　moved southward to the southern slopes of Guojiatou and Sheshantou 　　．All the earth—shaft burials are east—west orienting，while 　　most of、the brick—chamber burials are east or north orienting． 　　It seems that orientation of a burial has close relationship with 　　its micro—landscape—most of the burials orienting to open area． 　　Burials of the same period and at the same location usually headed 　　to the same direction． 　　 Passage slope，ercengtai二层台platform of filled earth， 　　ercengtai platform of untouched earth，stone supporters and earth 　　mound had been found in or above some earth—shaft burials．Some 　　burials are under the same earth mound，and some burials have more 　　than one dead．In Han Dynasty burials with more than one dead， 　　there are secondary buried individuals who might have died earlier 　　and been moved from their original burials．Niches were common in 　　the brick —chamber burials of the Western Jin． 　　 The largest length and width of earth—shaft burials are 4.5 　　and 3 meters, while those of the brick—chamber burials are 6 and 　　5 meters. In other words, all the burials are middle or small in 　　size. The structure, quantity and quality of burial offerings also 　　indicate that this area is the cemetery for common people. 　　 Both the structure and style of burial offerings demonstrate 　　the increasing influence of the Han culture which then developed 　　to the Jin culture. Although local cultural elements can be 　　recognized in the burials of the Han Dynasty, they had been 　　gradually taken place by the Han cultural elements. We can find 　　the historical background of this takeover in ancient texts. 　　 In summary, the Yiqiao cemetery had been the burial ground for 　　common people. The burials with significant local characteristics 　　are large in number and cover a complete chronological sequence. 　　They are important for our research on mortuary practice in 　　Southern China, especially in the Jiangzhe 江浙area during the Han 　　to Six Dynasties period. 　　

To Kill a Mockingbird 杀死一只知更鸟 ISBN9780061120084

作者：  Harper

出版社：HarperCollins 2006年06月

简介：Harper Lee (born April 28, 1926) is an Americanauthor known for her 1961 Pulitzer-Prize-winning novel To Kill aMockingbird, which deals with the issues of racism that the authorobserved as a child in her hometown of Monroeville, Alabama.Despite being Lee's only published book, it led to her beingawarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom for her contribution toliterature. Lee has received numerous honorary degrees but hasalways declined to make a speech. Other significant contributionsinclude assisting her close friend Truman Capote in his researchfor the book In Cold Blood.

Broken april

作者：  (阿尔巴)伊斯梅尔·卡达莱(Ismail Kadare)著;孙淑慧译

出版社：重庆出版社,2007

简介：这是一个关于世代血仇的故事。乔戈，一个二十出头的年轻人，因为哥哥被仇家杀死，于是要为他复仇；在击伤仇家的儿子之后，自己踏上了买命与逃命之途。当人一降生在这个世界上，就陷入一场追杀或者杀人的宿命中，生命只能如破碎的四月般短暂和仓惶。本书以简洁、诗一般的笔调讲述了一个人一个月的故事，却反映了一个民族几百年的困扰和悲剧性。 乔戈的哥哥被仇家杀死，从那一刻起，乔戈的生活便离他而去。根据统治阿尔巴尼亚北部高原地区的卡努法典：如果一个人被杀死，他的家人必须为他报仇。乔戈无法摆脱宿命，三月十七日，他成功地射杀了那个凶手。在被死者家属追杀之前，他被允许了三十天的休战协定，于是他的四月破碎成了两部分：在四月十七日之前，是“白色”的，安全的；之后便是“黑色”白，亡命的。 与乔戈的命运交织在一起的是一对新婚夫妇。他们来自都市，对高原文化充满向往。新娘迪安娜对被死亡威胁着的乔戈一见钟情，与此同时，乔戈也想在四月转成黑色之前再次邂逅迪安娜。 当人一降生在这个世界上，就陷入一场追杀或者杀人的宿命中，生命只能如破碎的四月般短暂和仓煌。《破碎的四月》以简洁、诗一般的笔调讲述了一个人一个月的故事，却反映了一个民族几百年的固扰和悲剧性。

Pervasive problems in international arbitration /

作者：  edited by Loukas A. Mistelis and Julian D.M. Lew.

出版社：

简介： In a three-day symposium held at the School of International Arbitration, Centre for Commercial Law Studies (CCLS), Queen Mary University of London, on the occasion of its twentieth anniversary in April 2005, a stellar array of practitioners and academics undertook the task of taking a fresh look at some of the persistent legal and practice issues of international arbitration. The conference and this book derived from it illustrate the combination of the scholarly and the highly practical which has characterised the mission of the School of International Arbitration since its establishment in 1985. These insightful papers demonstrate not only the increasing breadth and scope of the subject, but also the way in which many of its themes and issues cross legal and disciplinary boundaries and pose questions for the future of the law and arbitration practice in an internationalised world. These include: ? public policy; ? mandatory rules; ? confidentiality; ? provisional measures; ? res judicata; ? costs; ? amicus briefs; ? groups of companies; ? parallel proceedings; and ? anti-suit injunctions.

美国大势2016

作者：  中国现代国际关系研究院美国研究

出版社：时事出版社 2017年09月

简介：

【目录】
*编研究报告
美国政治：反建制力量重塑国家走向
美国经济：收官之年延续向好态势
美国外交：大变局来临前巩固“遗产”
美国安全：战略姿态由柔转刚
中美关系：反复博弈下的脆弱平衡
第二编大事记
2016年美国政治经济大事记
2016年美国外交安全大事记
2016年中美关系大事记
第三编中美关系重要文献
中美元首杭州会晤中方成果清单
第八轮中美战略与经济对话框架下战略
对话具体成果清单
第八轮中美战略与经济对话框架下经济对话
联合成果情况说明
第七轮中美人文交流高层磋商成果清单
中美元首气候变化联合声明
中美气候变化合作成果
中美核安全合作联合声明
第四编数据资料
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　　美国国防部2011—2016财年开支表美国大势2016美国政治：反建制力量重塑国家走向美国政治：反建制力量重塑国家走向本章撰稿人：张文宗、孟亚波、黄放、李默2016年是美国大选年，政治和社会焦点集中在总统选举、国会选举和州长选举上。唐纳德·特朗普当选美国第45任总统，是本年度*的“黑天鹅”事件之一，不仅引发美国政治强震，还在国际上产生巨大冲击波。特朗普代表的民粹主义思潮和运动，冲破两党建制派、自由派主流媒体、民主党支持群体的反对和束缚，从一种“现象”上升为塑造甚至决定美国内政外交走向的政治力量，反映美国政治、经济和社会诸多领域的深层矛盾，表明美国正经历冷战结束以来*深刻的调整和变革。未来四年美国政治和社会将总体右转，但宪政结构、政党政治、社情民意和利益集团政治等决定了特朗普的施政不会一帆风顺，在某些领域还会受到严重掣肘。各种政治力量的激烈碰撞，将使美国进入一个矛盾尖锐、斗争激化的振荡期。一、“反建制”派狂飙突进此次总统选举属于开放式选举，因在职总统奥巴马受任期限制无法谋求连任，不管是初选还是两党候选人对决阶段，竞争均异常激烈。特朗普的民粹主义主张、自由派主流媒体和社交媒体的竞争、候选人之间“互黑”的负面选战、外国“黑客”和“维基”的爆料等，使这场“政治秀”引发全球高度关注。本次选举极富戏剧性，结果令美国和全球精英阶层大跌眼镜。在民主党总统候选人希拉里·克林顿被多项主流媒体民调和国际社会看好、希拉里本人也认为稳操胜券的情况下，特朗普却以306张对232张选举人票的巨大优势“逆袭”成功，并改写美国政治版图。共和党不仅赢得总统选举，还维持了在国会参众两院的优势地位，扩大了在州长选举中的优势。11月8日参议院选举后，共和党减少2席，民主党增加2席，加之还有两个独立派议员的席位，新一届国会共和党、民主党和独立派议员的席位分别为52席、46席和2席；众议院选举后，共和党减少6席，民主党增加6席，共和党仍是多数党，与民主党分别占据241席和194席。此次共12个州举行州长选举，选后共和党州长增加3位，共33位，民主党州长减少3位，共16位，阿拉斯加州州长为独立人士。 纵观全年，以大选为核心，美国政治和社会呈现几个突出特点：（一）民粹主义猛烈冲击传统政治结构选民对政治精英的不信任，对全球化负面效应的不满，汇成愤怒的社会情绪，不仅让一些“圈外人”登上政治舞台，还造就“特朗普现象”和“桑德斯现象”。在角逐共和党总统候选人的17名参选人中，前佛罗里达州州长杰布·布什、佛罗里达州州联邦参议员马尔科·鲁比奥、得克萨斯州联邦参议员特德·克鲁兹、俄亥俄州州长约翰·卡西奇、威斯康星州州长斯科特·沃克、新泽西州州长克里斯·克里斯蒂等均有从政经验，而纽约房地产商唐纳德·特朗普、神经外科医生本·卡森、惠普公司前首席执行官卡莉·菲奥里纳等则属于政治“圈外人”。其中，特朗普凭借反对“跨太平洋伙伴关系协定”（TPP）、对进口商品征收高额关税、暂缓海外穆斯林入境、大规模遣返非法移民等争议性言论，选情一路看涨。2015年6月参选时，特朗普全国支持率仅个位数，8月便拔得头筹，此后一直处在领先位置。2016年2月1日艾奥瓦州初选，特朗普得票率位列第二，仅比*的克鲁兹少3?4个百分点2月9日新罕布什尔州初选，特朗普以35?3%的得票率完胜所有对手（位列第二的卡西奇和第三的克鲁兹得票率分别为15?8%和11?7%）。此后特朗普高歌猛进，迫使其竞争对手相继退出选举，在5月便基本锁定共和党总统候选人提名。参加民主党总统候选人角逐的五人中，对老牌政客希拉里的选情形成挑战的是伯尔尼·桑德斯。桑德斯为佛蒙特州联邦参议员，自称“民主社会党人”，是长期游离于民主、共和两党之外的独立人士，但参与民主党党团的活动。以要求公立院校学费全免、捍卫“奥巴马医改”、提高*工资、反对自由贸易及TPP、打击超级富豪阶层逃税等主张，桑德斯在初选中获得巨大声势，尤其是获得大量年轻选民的支持，对志在必得的希拉里选情形成挑战。2015年4月，桑德斯宣布以民主党人身份参与总统角逐时，全国民调支持率仅4%—5%，而希拉里的全国支持率则高达60%以上。随着选举展开，桑德斯选情看涨：2016年1月与希拉里的差距缩小到不足10个百分点（48?3%：39?7%），4月中旬一度更缩小至1—2个百分点。同上。 民调上的竞争性体现在初选上：2月1日民主党艾奥瓦州的初选中，希拉里仅以0?3%的优势（希拉里49?9%：桑德斯49?6%）艰难取得“开门红”，被媒体评价为“虽胜犹败”；2月9日新罕布什尔州的第二场初选中，桑德斯以21%的极大优势（桑德斯60%：希拉里39%）拿下一城，士气大振。 随后二人在其他州的初选中基本上平分秋色。在7月份党代会召开前，希拉里*终凭借民主党大批“超级代表”的支持锁定提名，但桑德斯掀起的“反建制”风暴，已使希拉里“跌落神坛”。加之“维基揭秘”和媒体披露民主党高层以不正当手段打压桑德斯的丑闻，希拉里的声誉受到严重损害。在两党候选人对决中，希拉里的“电邮门”、“健康门”、克林顿基金会等问题持续发酵，而特朗普也因“猥亵门”、歧视穆斯林言论等问题备受争议。特朗普继续高举反建制大旗，将矛头对准“被操控的体系”、“腐败政客”及希拉里，*终不仅赢得所有“红州”和俄亥俄、佛罗里达、艾奥瓦等重要摇摆州，还历史性地赢得宾夕法尼亚、密歇根和威斯康星三个长期倾向于民主党的“铁锈带”诸州，印证美国反建制力量的强大。宾夕法尼亚和密歇根两州1992年以来、威斯康星州1988年以来历次大选都是民主党总统候选人获胜。 此次大选中“第三党”能见度上升，成为影响结果的重要因素。美国选举制度客观上有利于两党制，第三党空间被严重压缩，其推出的总统候选人通常被认为“*不可能赢得大选”，其政治影响主要体现在分流两大党候选人的选票进而影响大选结果上。大选中，自由意志党总统候选人、新墨西哥州前州长加里·约翰逊展现财政鹰派和社会自由派的立场，拿下约400万张普选票，较2012年的120万张大幅提升。绿党总统候选人吉尔·斯坦拿到约120万张普选票，也高于2012年的46万多张。 考虑到特朗普在多个州战胜希拉里的微弱优势及约翰逊和斯坦的“战绩”，如果这些选票相当一部分投给希拉里，则很可能改变大选结果。特朗普在四个州领先希拉里的情况：在佛罗里达州为1?2%、密歇根州为0?2%、宾夕法尼亚州为0?7%、威斯康星州为0?8%，而约翰逊和斯坦在四个州共拿到2?9%、4?7%、3?2%和4?7%的选票。第三党所获支持率的上升，表明这部分选民对两党及其候选人均不满意，也从另一个侧面反映了反建制的声势。（二）两党主流势力遭削弱，政治碎片化加剧特朗普和桑德斯分别在两党内部崛起，与以候选人为中心的选举模式、政党机器弱化等长期趋势有关，但大选暴露出两党凝聚力下降和党内斗争激化等问题，确为冷战结束以来所罕见。大选期间，传统共和党精英与特朗普之间持续存在着紧张甚至敌对关系。前总统小布什、2012年的共和党总统候选人米特·罗姆尼、前副国务卿佐利克等高官和外交智囊，甚至基层共和党领袖先后联名发表公开信反对特朗普。5月特朗普选情明朗化后，众议院议长瑞安还态度微妙，刻意与其保持一定距离。7月共和党全国代表大会召开前夕，媒体盛传部分共和党领袖考虑通过修改大会程序“搞掉”特朗普。传统的共和党支持自由贸易，在移民问题上试图争取拉美裔选民以抗衡民主党，但这恰恰是“反建制派”特朗普极力反对的。为特朗普胜选立下汗马功劳的极右网站“布赖特巴特新闻”（Breitbart News）执行主席斯蒂芬·班农称，共和党的自由贸易政策和移民政策已经背离了美国工人，必须加以改造。初选中一度对特朗普形成挑战的克鲁兹，获得“茶党”和宗教保守派的支持，实际上也是共和党中的异类。不同选民群体、不同路线和派别的斗争，使共和党一度面临“分裂”的困境。Adam Clymer，“The GOP Mess”，April 16，2016， 民主党内，桑德斯与希拉里的竞争，反映极左与温和派路线的分歧。希拉里获得奥巴马政府、整个政党机器的力挺和绝大多数非洲裔和拉美裔选民的支持，而桑德斯则获得大学生和千禧年一代的青睐。与反建制的浩大声势相一致，两党内部的温和派均受到更激进的政治势力及其选民群体的挑战：特朗普和克鲁兹推动共和党右倾，而桑德斯和参议员伊丽莎白·沃伦等推动民主党左倾。在政治光谱向两极移动的同时，两党党纲在移民、控枪、堕胎、*工资等问题上分歧依旧，但均更加强调打击权贵资本和倡导“公平贸易”。Republican Platform 2016 and 2016 Democratic Party Platform，July 21，2016?两党的总统候选人在反全球化和反自由贸易上反而具有了更多共性。（三）两党斗争致奥巴马政府多项议程受阻在两党围绕大选激烈攻防的同时，两党斗争还围绕气候变化、控枪、大法官提名等议题展开。执政末期的奥巴马政府力图留下更多“遗产”，但多项政策受到共和党阻挠。为推动巴黎气候变化大会达成协议，奥巴马政府2015年8月推出“清洁电力计划”，为各州电厂制定减排标准并要求落实，以实现2030年全美发电厂碳排放量比2005年下降32%的目标。在美国的电力结构中，煤炭发电占比*，达到总量的37%，水力和可再生能源发电则分别仅占7%和5……
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简介：Summary: Publisher Summary 1 The unique focus of the book is the close symbiotic relationship between design and manufacture. It presents a selection of thirty-three papers ensuing from the fifth International Conference on Integrated Design and Manufacturing in Mechanical Engineering, held at the University of Bath, UK, in April 2004.The contributions are divided in the following sections: two keynotes presenting the general synergies and relationships between the design and manufacturing processes through the concepts of production knowledge and integration; design strategies and methodologies, dealing with the critical element of knowledge in design and manufacturing processes and the methods with which designing can be undertaken collaboratively in an integrated manner; integrated design of manufacturing processes, which aim is to ensure a high quality product meeting all requirements, rapidly and at optimum cost; and design tools for particular applications in which texts optimising local decision have been grouped.  

The car design yearbook the definitive annual guide to all new concept and production cars world...

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简介：The brand new edition of the definitive guide to all the new cars launched worldwide from April 2003 to March 2004. Over 800 stunning photographs and original renderings illustrate over 130 cars in this clearly organised book. Also includes performance and technical data for each car, lists the major motor shows for the year ahead, profiles the year?s leading designers and special features on aerodynamics and the evolution of headlight design.

April rush

作者：  阿章著

出版社：四川大学出版社,2012

简介：     《四月未央》由阿章所著。     四月，是一个多情的季节；     四月，是一种纯真意象的表达；     四月，是没有时间尽头的延伸。     四月未央，那么就让生命中的浓浓亲情化在暖暖的阳光里，     让纯纯的友谊之花开在姹紫嫣红里，     让情感的涓涓细流在天空、在大地、大梦里，     流淌……

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简介：This book presents proceedings from the Japan-U.S. Mathematics Institute (JAMI) Conference on Birational Algebraic Geometry in Memory of Wei-Liang Chow, held at the Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore in April 1996. These proceedings bring to light the many directions in which birational algebraic geometry is headed. Featured are problems on special models, such as Fanos and their fibrations, adjunctions and subadjunction formuli, projectivity and projective embeddings, and more. Some papers reflect the very frontiers of this rapidly developing area of mathematics. Therefore, in the cases, only directions are given without complete explanations or proofs.

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简介：How is free will possible in the light of the physical and chemical underpinnings of brain activity and recent neurobiological experiments? How can the emergence of complexity in hierarchical systems such as the brain, based at the lower levels in physical interactions, lead to something like genuine free will? The nature of our understanding of free will in the light of present-day neuroscience is becoming increasingly important because of remarkable discoveries on the topic being made by neuroscientists at the present time, on the one hand, and its crucial importance for the way we view ourselves as human beings, on the other. A key tool in understanding how free will may arise in this context is the idea of downward causation in complex systems, happening coterminously with bottom up causation, to form an integral whole. Top-down causation is usually neglected, and is therefore emphasized in the other part of the book鈥檚 title. The concept is explored in depth, as are the ethical and legal implications of our understanding of free will. This book arises out of a workshop held in California in April of 2007, which was chaired by Dr. Christof Koch. It was unusual in terms of the breadth of people involved: they included physicists, neuroscientists, psychiatrists, philosophers, and theologians. This enabled the meeting, and hence the resulting book, to attain a rather broader perspective on the issue than is often attained at academic symposia. The book includes contributions by Sarah-Jayne Blakemore, George F. R. Ellis , Christopher D. Frith, Mark Hallett, David Hodgson, Owen D. Jones, Alicia Juarrero, J. A. Scott Kelso, Christof Koch, Hans K眉ng, Hakwan C. Lau, Dean Mobbs, Nancey Murphy, William Newsome, Timothy O鈥機onnor, Sean A.. Spence, and Evan Thompson.

April

作者：  辛兴著

出版社：春风文艺出版社,2008

简介：所有关于青春的懵懂还有那些炙热的情感。交织在四月的阳光中，洒在每一个望向它的年轻的面庞。它是二首有关记忆、有关昨天、有关年少的歌。 本书讲述的是十七八岁到二十出头的故事。书中的故事是有感伤的，也有眼泪的，但是在这踉跄的悲伤背后，我们却可以找寻到令人感到慰藉的果实。

Rio 2: Vacation in the Wild 里约大冒险2：野外的火山ISBN9780062284990

作者：  Catherine

出版社：HarperCollins 2014年02月

简介：
　　From the creators of Ice Age and Epic, Rio 2 flies into theaters in April 2014. Join Blu, Jewel, and all your favorite Rio characters for a wild adventure in this retelling of the movie perfect for young fans!
　　Blu and Jewel are taking the kids on a trip to the Amazon jungle. Jewel wants the kids to know what it was like for her growing up in the wild, but Blu is missing the comforts of home. Will this vacation be one to remember?
　　Based on the movie, Rio 2: Vacation in the Wild is a Level 2 I Can Read book, perfect for kids who read on their own but still need a little help.

Rio 2: One Big Blue Family 里约大冒险2：蓝色大家庭ISBN9780062284983

作者：  Catherine

出版社：HarperCollins 2014年02月

简介：
　　From the creators of Ice Age and Epic, Rio 2 flies into theaters in April 2014. Join Blu, Jewel, and all your favorite Rio characters for a wild adventure in this retelling of the movie, perfect for young fans!
　　When a wild blue Spix's Macaw is spotted in the Amazon jungle, Blu and Jewel head off to search for more of their kind. But who they meet is the biggest surprise of all.
　　Based on the movie, Rio 2: One Big Blue Family is a Level 2 I Can Read book, perfect for kids who read on their own but still need a little help.

ADA, OR ARDOR

作者：  Vladimir Nabokov　著

出版社：Random House US 2011年12月

简介：　　Vladimir Vladimirovich Nabokov was born on April 23, 1899, inSt. Petersburg, Russia. The Nabokovs were known for their highculture and commitment to public service, and the elder Nabokov wasan outspoken opponent of antisemitism and one of the leaders of theopposition party, the Kadets. In 1919, following the Bolshevikrevolution, he took his family into exile. Four years later he wasshot and killed at a political rally in Berlin while trying toshield the speaker from right-wing assassins.　　The Nabokov household was trilingual, and as a child Nabokov wasalready reading Wells, Poe, Browning, Keats, Flaubert, Verlaine,Rimbaud, Tolstoy, and Chekhov, alongside the popular entertainmentsof Sir Arthur Conan Doyle and Jules Verne. As a young man, hestudied Slavic and romance languages at Trinity College, Cambridge,taking his honors degree in 1922. For the next eighteen years helived in Berlin and Paris, writing prolifically in Russian underthe pseudonym Sirin and supporting himself through translations,lessons in English and tennis, and by composing the first crosswordpuzzles in Russian. In 1925 he married Vera Slonim, with whom hehad one child, a son, Dmitri.　　Having already fled Russia and Germany, Nabokov became a refugeeonce more in 1940, when he was forced to leave France for theUnited States. There he taught at Wellesley, Harvard, and Cornell.He also gave up writing in Russian and began composing fiction inEnglish. In his afterword to Lolita he claimed: "My privatetragedy, which cannot, and indeed should not, be anybody's concern,is that I had to abandon my natural idiom, my untrammeled, rich,and infinitely docile Russian tongue for a second-rate brand ofEnglish, devoid of any of those apparatuses--the baffling mirror,the black velvet backdrop, the implied associations andtraditions--which the native illusionist, frac-tails flying, canmagically use to transcend the heritage in his own way." [p. 317]Yet Nabokov's American period saw the creation of what are arguablyhis greatest works, Bend Sinister (1947), Lolita (1955), Pnin(1957), and Pale Fire (1962), as well as the translation of hisearlier Russian novels into English. He also undertook Englishtranslations of works by Lermontov and Pushkin and wrote severalbooks of criticism. Vladimir Nabokov died in Montreux, Switzerland,in 1977.