AutoCAD 2016 从入门到精通微视频全解析

第 1 章? AutoCAD?2016 基础入门
1.1? 初步认识 AutoCAD?2016?.......................................................................................2
1.1.1 AutoCAD 的应用领域 .................................................................................................
.2 1.1.2 AutoCAD 2016 的新增功能 .........................................................................................2
1.1.3 AutoCAD 2016 的启动与退出 .....................................................................................6
1.1.4 AutoCAD 2016 的工作界面 .........................................................................................7
1.2? 图形文件的管理?...................................................................................................14
1.2.1 建新的图形文件 .........................................................................................................14
1.2.2 打开图形文件 .............................................................................................................15
1.2.3 保存图形文件 .............................................................................................................16
1.2.4 关闭图形文件 .............................................................................................................17
1.2.5 加密图形文件 .............................................................................................................18
1.2.6 输入与输出图形文件 .................................................................................................19
1.3? 设置绘图环境?.......................................................................................................21
1.3.1 设置图形单位 .............................................................................................................21
1.3.2 设置图形界限 .............................................................................................................22
1.4? 使用命令与系统变量?............................................................................................23
1.4.1 使用菜单栏执行命令 .................................................................................................23
1.4.2 使用面板按钮执行命令 .............................................................................................23
1.4.3 使用鼠标操作执行命令 .............................................................................................23
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1.4.4 使用快捷键执行命令 .................................................................................................24
1.4.5 使用命令行执行命令 .................................................................................................24
1.4.6 使用动态输入功能 .....................................................................................................25
1.4.7 使用透明命令 .............................................................................................................26
1.4.8 使用系统变量 .............................................................................................................26
1.4.9 命令的控制 .................................................................................................................26
1.5? 坐标输入方式?.......................................................................................................28
1.5.1 认识坐标系统 .............................................................................................................28
1.5.2 坐标的表示方法 .........................................................................................................28
1.5.3 绝对坐标与相对坐标 .................................................................................................29
1.5.4 数据输入方法 .............................................................................................................29
第 2 章? 绘制基本二维图形
2.1? 绘制点?..................................................................................................................34
2.1.1 点的样式设置 .............................................................................................................34
2.1.2 绘制单点 .....................................................................................................................35
2.1.3 绘制多点 .....................................................................................................................35
2.1.4 绘制定数等分点 .........................................................................................................37
2.1.5 绘制定距等分点 .........................................................................................................40
2.2? 绘制直线?..............................................................................................................41
2.2.1 绘制直线段 .................................................................................................................41
2.2.2 绘制射线 .....................................................................................................................42
2.2.3 绘制构造线 .................................................................................................................43
2.3? 绘制矩形和多边形?................................................................................................45
2.3.1 绘制矩形 .....................................................................................................................45
2.3.2 绘制多边形 .................................................................................................................48
2.4? 绘制圆和圆弧?.......................................................................................................50
2.4.1 绘制圆 .........................................................................................................................50
2.4.2 绘制圆弧 .....................................................................................................................53
2.5? 绘制椭圆及椭圆弧?................................................................................................56
2.5.1 绘制椭圆 .....................................................................................................................56
2.5.2 绘制椭圆弧 .................................................................................................................57
2.6? 综合实战：——绘制太极图?..................................................................................60
第 3 章? 基本辅助绘图的设置
3.1? 图层的设置?...........................................................................................................64
3.1.1 图层特性管理 .............................................................................................................64
III
3.1.2 图层的新建 .................................................................................................................65
3.1.3 图层的删除 .................................................................................................................66
3.1.4 设置当前图层 .............................................................................................................66
3.1.5 设置图层的颜色 .........................................................................................................67
3.1.6 图层的线型设置 .........................................................................................................68
3.1.7 图层的线宽设置 .........................................................................................................69
3.1.8 改变对象所在的图层 .................................................................................................74
3.1.9 通过“特性”面板设置对象属性 .............................................................................74
3.1.10 通过“特性匹配”改变图形特征 ...........................................................................75
3.2? 精确定位工具?.......................................................................................................76
3.2.1 正交模式 .....................................................................................................................76
3.2.2 捕捉与栅格 .................................................................................................................76
3.3? 对象捕捉?..............................................................................................................79
3.3.1 对象捕捉设置 .............................................................................................................79
3.3.2  点的过滤器 ................................................................................................................82
3.4? 对象追踪?..............................................................................................................84
3.4.1 极轴追踪 .....................................................................................................................84
3.4.2 对象捕捉追踪 .............................................................................................................87
3.4.3 临时追踪点 .................................................................................................................88
3.4.4 捕捉自 .........................................................................................................................88
3.5? 对象约束?..............................................................................................................90
3.5.1 建立几何约束 .............................................................................................................91
3.5.2 设置几何约束 .............................................................................................................92
3.5.3 建立标注约束 .............................................................................................................95
3.5.4 设置尺寸约束 .............................................................................................................95
3.5.5 自动约束 .....................................................................................................................96
3.6? 综合实战：——手柄轮廓图的绘制........................................................................99
第 4 章? 二维图形的编辑命令
4.1? 选择对象?............................................................................................................104
4.1.1 选择集的设置 ...........................................................................................................104
4.1.2 选择对象的方法 .......................................................................................................107
4.1.3 快速选择对象 ...........................................................................................................110
4.1.4 使用编组操作 ...........................................................................................................111
4.2? 复制类命令?.........................................................................................................111
4.2.1 复制对象 ...................................................................................................................111
4.2.2 镜像对象 ...................................................................................................................114
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4.2.3 偏移对象 ...................................................................................................................117
4.2.4 阵列对象 ...................................................................................................................121
4.3? 删除命令?............................................................................................................126
4.4? 改变位置类命令?.................................................................................................127
4.4.1 移动对象 ...................................................................................................................127
4.4.2 旋转对象 ...................................................................................................................128
4.4.3 缩放对象 ...................................................................................................................130
4.5? 改变几何特性类命令?..........................................................................................131
4.5.1 修剪命令 ...................................................................................................................132
4.5.2 延伸命令 ...................................................................................................................133
4.5.3 拉伸命令 ...................................................................................................................134
4.5.4 拉长命令 ...................................................................................................................135
4.5.5 打断对象 ...................................................................................................................135
4.5.6 打断于点 ...................................................................................................................136
4.5.7 合并命令 ...................................................................................................................137
4.5.8 倒角命令 ...................................................................................................................138
4.5.9 圆角命令 ...................................................................................................................139
4.5.10 分解命令 .................................................................................................................142
4.6? 综合实战：——组合沙发的绘制?.........................................................................143
第 5 章? 复杂图形的绘制与编辑
5.1? 多段线的绘制与编辑?..........................................................................................148
5.1.1 多段线的绘制 ...........................................................................................................148
5.1.2 多段线的编辑 ...........................................................................................................150
5.2? 样条曲线的绘制与编辑?.......................................................................................152
5.2.1 样条曲线的绘制 .......................................................................................................153
5.2.2 样条曲线的编辑 .......................................................................................................154
5.3? 多线的绘制与设置?..............................................................................................155
5.3.1 多线的绘制 ...............................................................................................................155
5.3.2 多线样式的设置 .......................................................................................................156
5.3.3 多线的编辑 ...............................................................................................................157
5.4? 对象编辑命令?.....................................................................................................163
5.4.1 钳夹 ...........................................................................................................................163
5.4.2 对象特性的修改 .......................................................................................................166
5.4.3 对象特性的匹配 .......................................................................................................168
5.5? 面域与图案填充?.................................................................................................169
5.5.1 创建面域 ...................................................................................................................169
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5.5.2 面域的布尔运算 .......................................................................................................170
5.5.3 图案的填充 ...............................................................................................................171
5.6? 综合实战：——地面拼花图例的绘制?..................................................................176
第 6 章? 图形的显示控制与打印输出
6.1? 缩放....................................................................................................................182
6.1.1 缩放命令及选项 .......................................................................................................182
6.1.2 实时缩放 ...................................................................................................................183
6.1.3 动态缩放 ...................................................................................................................184
6.2? 平移....................................................................................................................184
6.2.1 实时平移 ...................................................................................................................185
6.2.2 定点平移 ...................................................................................................................185
6.3? 视口与空间?.........................................................................................................187
6.3.1 平铺视口的创建 .......................................................................................................187
6.3.2 分割与合并视口 .......................................................................................................188
6.3.3 模型与布局空间 .......................................................................................................188
第 7 章? 文字与表格编辑
7.1? 文本样式?............................................................................................................192
7.1.1 新建文本样式 ...........................................................................................................192
7.1.2 修改文本样式 ...........................................................................................................194
7.1.3 删除文本样式 ...........................................................................................................195
7.2? 文本标注?............................................................................................................196
7.2.1 单行文字标注 ...........................................................................................................196
7.2.2 多行文字标注 ...........................................................................................................197
7.3? 文本编辑?............................................................................................................200
7.3.1 比例 ...........................................................................................................................200
7.3.2 对正 ...........................................................................................................................201
7.3.3 拼音检查 ...................................................................................................................201
7.4? 表格....................................................................................................................203
7.4.1 新建表格样式 ...........................................................................................................204
7.4.2 创建表格 ...................................................................................................................205
7.4.3 表格的修改与编辑 ...................................................................................................207
7.4.4 将表格链接至外部数据 ...........................................................................................208
7.4.5 在表格中套用公式 ...................................................................................................208
7.5? 综合实战：——创建门窗统计表?.........................................................................214
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第 8 章? 图形的尺寸标注
8.1? 尺寸标注的概念?.................................................................................................218
8.1.1 Auto CAD 尺寸标注的类型 .....................................................................................218
8.1.2 尺寸标注的组成 .......................................................................................................218
8.1.3 Auto CAD 尺寸标注的基本步骤 .............................................................................219
8.2? 尺寸样式的新建及设置?.......................................................................................219
8.2.1 新建或修改标注样式 ...............................................................................................219
8.2.2 线 ...............................................................................................................................221
8.2.3 符号和箭头 ...............................................................................................................223
8.2.4 文字 ...........................................................................................................................225
8.2.5 调整 ...........................................................................................................................227
8.2.6 主单位 .......................................................................................................................228
8.2.7 换算单位 ...................................................................................................................229
8.2.8 公差 ...........................................................................................................................230
8.3? 图形对象的尺寸标注?..........................................................................................232
8.3.1 创建线性标注 ...........................................................................................................232
8.3.2 创建对齐标注 ...........................................................................................................233
8.3.3 创建连续标注 ...........................................................................................................234
8.3.4 创建基线标注 ...........................................................................................................235
8.3.5 创建半径标注 ...........................................................................................................235
8.3.6 创建直径标注 ...........................................................................................................236
8.3.7 创建角度标注 ...........................................................................................................237
8.3.8 创建弧长标注 ...........................................................................................................238
8.3.9 创建坐标标注 ...........................................................................................................239
8.3.10 创建快速标注 .........................................................................................................239
8.3.11 创建等距标注 .........................................................................................................240
8.3.12 创建圆心标记 .........................................................................................................241
8.3.13 标注检验操作 .........................................................................................................242
8.3.14 创建形位标注 .........................................................................................................243
8.4? 尺寸标注的编辑?.................................................................................................245
8.4.1 编辑尺寸 ...................................................................................................................245
8.4.2 编辑标注文字 ...........................................................................................................246
8.4.3 替代标注 ...................................................................................................................247
8.4.4 更新标注 ...................................................................................................................248
8.5? 多重引线的创建与编辑?.......................................................................................249
8.5.1 创建与修改多重引线样式 .......................................................................................249
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8.5.2 创建多重引线 ...........................................................................................................252
8.5.3 添加多重引线 ...........................................................................................................253
8.5.4 删除多重引线 ...........................................................................................................254
8.5.5 对齐多重引线 ...........................................................................................................254
8.6? 综合实战：——标注阀盖?....................................................................................255
第 9 章? 图块、外部参照与图像
9.1? 图块操作?............................................................................................................262
9.1.1 图块的分类 ...............................................................................................................262
9.1.2 图块的特点 ...............................................................................................................262
9.1.3 图块的创建 ...............................................................................................................262
9.1.4 图块的保存 ...............................................................................................................263
9.1.5 图块的插入 ...............................................................................................................265
9.1.6 动态块 .......................................................................................................................267
9.2? 属性图块?............................................................................................................271
9.2.1 属性图块的特点 .......................................................................................................271
9.2.2 创建带属性的图块 ...................................................................................................271
9.2.3 插入带属性的图块 ...................................................................................................273
9.2.4 修改属性定义 ...........................................................................................................273
9.2.5 编辑块的属性 ...........................................................................................................274
9.2.6 块属性管理器 ...........................................................................................................274
9.2.7 使用 ATTEXT 向导提取属性 ..................................................................................276
9.2.8 使用数据向导提取属性 ...........................................................................................277
9.3? 外部参照?............................................................................................................279
9.3.1 外部参照附着 ...........................................................................................................279
9.3.2 外部参照剪裁 ...........................................................................................................281
9.3.3 外部参照管理 ...........................................................................................................282
9.3.4 参照编辑 ...................................................................................................................284
9.4? 附着光栅图像?.....................................................................................................285
9.4.1 图像附着 ...................................................................................................................285
9.4.2 图像剪裁 ...................................................................................................................286
9.4.3 图像调整 ...................................................................................................................286
9.4.4 图像质量 ...................................................................................................................287
9.4.5 图像透明度 ...............................................................................................................288
9.4.6 图像边框 ...................................................................................................................288
9.5? 设计中心的使用?.................................................................................................289
9.6? 通过设计中心创建样板文件?...............................................................................292
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第 10 章? 三维绘图基础
10.1? 三维建模空间?...................................................................................................296
10.2? 视觉样式?..........................................................................................................296
10.3? 三维视图?..........................................................................................................298
10.3.1 三维视图的分类 .....................................................................................................299
10.3.2 三维视图的切换 .....................................................................................................300
10.4? 在三维空间绘制简单对象?.................................................................................301
10.4.1 在三维空间绘制三维点、线段、射线、构造线 .................................................301
10.4.2 在三维空间绘制其他二维图形 .............................................................................301
10.4.3 在三维空间绘制多段线 .........................................................................................301
10.4.4 绘制三维样条曲线 .................................................................................................302
10.5? 综合实战：——底座的创建?..............................................................................303
第 11 章? 绘制、编辑三维图形
11.1? 绘制基本三维网格面?........................................................................................310
11.1.1 绘制长方体表面 .....................................................................................................310
11.1.2 绘制楔体表面 .........................................................................................................311
11.1.3 绘制棱锥体表面 .....................................................................................................311
11.1.4 绘制圆锥体表面 .....................................................................................................312
11.1.5 绘制球体表面 .........................................................................................................314
11.1.6 绘制圆柱体表面 .....................................................................................................314
11.1.7 创建旋转曲面 .........................................................................................................315
11.1.8 创建平移曲面 .........................................................................................................316
11.1.9 创建直纹曲面 .........................................................................................................317
11.1.10 创建边界曲面 .......................................................................................................317
11.2? 绘制三维实体对象?............................................................................................318
11.2.1 切换工作空间 .........................................................................................................318
11.2.2 绘制长方体 .............................................................................................................318
11.2.3 绘制楔体 .................................................................................................................319
11.2.4 绘制球体 .................................................................................................................320
11.2.5 绘制圆柱体 .............................................................................................................321
11.2.6 绘制圆锥体 .............................................................................................................321
11.2.7 绘制圆环体 .............................................................................................................322
11.2.8 绘制多段体 .............................................................................................................323
11.3? 通过二维图形生成三维实体?.............................................................................324
11.3.1 拉伸生成实体 .........................................................................................................324
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11.3.2 旋转生成实体 .........................................................................................................325
11.3.3 放样生成实体 .........................................................................................................326
11.3.4 扫掠生成实体 .........................................................................................................327
11.4? 布尔运算?..........................................................................................................328
11.4.1 并集运算 .................................................................................................................329
11.4.2 创建直纹曲面差集运算 .........................................................................................329
11.4.3 交集运算 .................................................................................................................330
11.5? 编辑三维实体?...................................................................................................331
11.5.1 倒角边 .....................................................................................................................331
11.5.2 圆角边 .....................................................................................................................332
11.5.3 分解 .........................................................................................................................333
11.5.4 剖切实体 .................................................................................................................333
11.5.5 创建截面 .................................................................................................................334
11.6? 标注三维对象尺寸?............................................................................................335
11.7? 综合实战：——轴承座的绘制?...........................................................................335
第 12 章? 工程图生成及打印
12.1? 创建布局?..........................................................................................................344
12.2? 创建二维工程图?...............................................................................................347
12.3? 创建剖面图?.......................................................................................................348
12.4? 创建局部放大视图?............................................................................................349
12.5? 打印页面设置?...................................................................................................350
12.5.1 页面的设置 .............................................................................................................350
12.5.2 从模型空间输出图形 .............................................................................................351
12.5.3 从图纸空间输出图形 .............................................................................................352
12.6? 打印图形?..........................................................................................................353
12.6.1 选择打印机 .............................................................................................................353
2.6.2 设置打印区域 ...........................................................................................................354
12.6.3 设置打印比例 .........................................................................................................354
12.6.4 更改图形方向 .........................................................................................................355
12.6.5 切换打印样式列表 .................................................................................................356
12.7? 输出为可印刷的光栅图形?.................................................................................361
12.8? 三维打印?..........................................................................................................362
第 13 章? 机械工程图绘制案例
13.1? 创建机械样板文件?............................................................................................366
13.1.1 设置图形界限和单位 .............................................................................................366
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13.1.2 设置图层 .................................................................................................................368
13.1.3 设置文字样式 .........................................................................................................369
13.1.4 设置标注样式 .........................................................................................................370
13.2? 绘制机械图框?...................................................................................................372
13.3? 绘制壳体?..........................................................................................................374
13.3.1 绘制主视图 .............................................................................................................374
13.3.2 绘制俯视图 .............................................................................................................376
13.3.3 绘制左视图 .............................................................................................................378
13.3.4 绘制辅助视图 .........................................................................................................379
13.3.5 对图形进行整理 .....................................................................................................381
13.4? 标注尺寸和公差?...............................................................................................383
第 14 章? 建筑工程图的绘制案例
14.1? 设置绘图环境?...................................................................................................388
14.1.1 设置绘图单位和界限 .............................................................................................388
14.1.2 设置图层 .................................................................................................................389
14.1.3 设置文字样式 .........................................................................................................391
14.1.4 设置标注样式 .........................................................................................................392
14.2? 绘制建筑平面图?...............................................................................................394
14.2.1 绘制轴线 .................................................................................................................394
14.2.2 绘制柱子 .................................................................................................................395
14.2.3 绘制墙体 .................................................................................................................397
14.3? 绘制门窗?..........................................................................................................400
14.3.1 开门洞和窗洞 .........................................................................................................400
14.3.2 绘制门窗 .................................................................................................................401
14.4? 绘制楼梯及布置卫生间设施?.............................................................................404
14.4.1 绘制楼梯 .................................................................................................................404
14.4.2 布置卫生间设施 .....................................................................................................407
14.5? 文字及尺寸标注?...............................................................................................408
第 15 章? 电气工程图的绘制案例
15.1? C616 车床电气图的绘制?..................................................................................412
15.1.1 设置绘图环境 .........................................................................................................412
15.1.2 单极开关的绘制 .....................................................................................................413
15.1.3 电动机 .....................................................................................................................414
15.1.4 热继电器 .................................................................................................................415
15.1.5 电阻 .........................................................................................................................416
XI
15.1.6 限流保护开关 .........................................................................................................417
15.1.7 接触器 .....................................................................................................................418
15.2? 绘制主连接线及各回路?.....................................................................................419
15.2.1 绘制主连接线 .........................................................................................................419
15.2.2 绘制主回路结构 .....................................................................................................420
15.2.3 绘制控制回路 .........................................................................................................424
15.2.4 绘制控制照明指示回路 .........................................................................................425
15.2.5 组合图形 .................................................................................................................427
15.2.6 添加注释文字 .........................................................................................................428
第 16 章? 园林工程图绘制案例
16.1? 园林景观亭的概况及工程预览?..........................................................................432
16.2? 创建园林样板文件?............................................................................................432
16.2.1 设置图形界限和单位 .............................................................................................433
16.2.2 设置图层 .................................................................................................................434
16.2.3 设置文字样式 .........................................................................................................435
16.2.4 设置标注样式 .........................................................................................................437
16.2.5 常用工程符号的绘制 .............................................................................................439
16.3? 绘制景观亭平面图?............................................................................................445
16.3.1 底层平面图的绘制 .................................................................................................445
16.3.2 屋顶平面图的绘制 .................................................................................................450
16.4? 绘制景观亭立面图?............................................................................................453
16.5? 绘制景观亭剖面图?............................................................................................456
16.5.1 1-1 剖面图的绘制 ...................................................................................................456
16.5.2 2-2 剖面图的绘制 ...................................................................................................458
16.6? 绘制景观亭详图?...............................................................................................459