最新朗文托福考试指南.[影印本]

introduction

section one: listening

listening diagnostic pre-test (paper)

listening diagnostic pre-test (computer)

listening introduction

short dialogues (paper and computer)

skill 1: restatements

toefl exercise 1

skill 2: negatives

toefl exercise 2

toefl review exercise (skills 1-2)

skill 3: suggestions

toefl exercise 3

toefl review exercise (skills 1-3)

skill 4: passives

toefl exercise 4

toefl review exercise (skills 1-4)

skill 5: who and where

toefl exercise 5

toefl review exercise (skills 1-5)

. skill 6: agreement

toefl exercise 6

toefl review exercise (skills 1-6)

long conversations (paper)

skill 7: the questions

skill 8: the topic

skill 9: the order of the answers

toefl exercise (skills 7-9)

long talks (paper)

skill 10: the questions

skill 11: the topic

skill 12: the order of the answers

toefl exercise (skills 10-12)

casual conversations (computer)

skill 13: casual conversations

academic discussions (computer)

skill 14: organization

skill 15: direct and indirect details

skill 16: visualization

toefl exercise (skills 14-16)

academic lectures (computer)

skill 17: organization

skill 18: direct and indirect details

skill 19: visualization

toefl exercise (skills 17-19)

listening post-test (paper)

listening post-test (computer)

section two: structure

structure diagnostic pre-test (paper)

structure diagnostic pre-test (computer)

structure introduction

the structure questions (paper and computer)

skill 1: subjects and verbs

skill 2: objects of prepositions

toefl exercise (skills 1-2)

skill 3: present participles

skill 4: past participles

toefl exercise (skills 3-4)

toefl review exercise (skills 1-4)

skill 5: coordinate connectors

skill 6: adverb clause connectors

toefl exercise (skills 5-6)

toefl review exercise (skills 1-6)

skill 7: noun clause connectors

skill 8: noun clause connector/subjects

toefl exercise (skills 7-8)

toefl review exercise (skills 1-8)

skill 9: adjective clause connectors

skill 10: adjective clause connector/subjects

toefl exercise (skills 9-10)

toefl review exercise (skills 1-10)

the written expression questions

(paper and computer)

skill 11: agreement after prepositional phrases

skill 12 agreement after expressions of quantity

skill 13: agreement after certain words

toefl exercise (skills 11-13)

toefl review exercise (skills 1-13)

skill 14: parallel structure with coordinate conjunctions

skill 15: parallel structure with paired conjunctions

toefl exercise (skills 14-15)

toefl review exercise (skills 1-15)

skill 16: past participles after have

skill 17: present participles or past participles after be

skill 18: base form verbs after modals

toefl exercise (skills 16-18)

toefl review exercise (skills 1-18)

skill 19: singular and plural nouns

skill 20: countable and uncountable nouns

toefl exercise (skills 19-20)

toefl review exercise (skills 1-20)

skill 21: subject and object pronouns

skill 22: possessives

skill 23: pronoun reference

toefl exercise (skills 21-23)

toefl review exercise (skills 1-23)

skill 24: adjectives and adverbs

skill 25: adjectives after linking verbs

toefl exercise (skills 24-25)

toefl review exercise (skills 1-25)

structure post-test (paper)

structure post-test (computer)

section three: reading

reading diagnostic pre-test (paper)

reading diagnostic pre-test (computer)

reading introduction

skill 1: main idea questions

toefl exercise 1

skill 2: stated detail questions

toefl exercise 2

toefl review exercise (skills 1-2)

skill 3: find "unstated" details

toefl exercise 3

toefl review exercise (skills 1-3)

skill 4: implied detail questions

toefl exercise 4

toefl review exercise (skills 1-4)

skill 5: vocabulary in context questions

toefl exercise 5

toefl review exercise (skills 1-5)

skill 6: "where" questions

toefl exercise 6

toefl review exercise (skills 1-6)

skill 7: inserting information

toefl exercise 7

toefl review exercise (skills 1-7)

reading post-test (paper)

reading post-test (computer)

section four: writing

writing introduction

the writing score

sample essays

before writing

skill 1: the writing topic

skill 2: the supporting ideas

while writing

skill 3: the introductory paragraph

skill 4: the supporting paragraphs

skill 5: the concluding paragraph

after writing

skill 6: edit sentence structure

6a: simple sentence structure

6b: compound sentence structure

6c: complex sentence structure

skill 7: edit written expression

7a: agreement and parallel structure

7b: verbs and nouns

7c: pronouns and adjectives

practice tests

complete test 1: introductory level (paper)

complete test 2: introductory level

(computer)

complete test 3: toefl level (paper)

complete test 4: toefl level (computer)

appendixes

appendix a: similar sounds

appendix b: prepositions

appendix c: word endings

appendix d: irregular verb forms

appendix e: word parts

scoring information

charting your progress

recording script

answer key