Table Of Contents:

Distribution of Internal Loading in Statically Loaded Bearings: Combined Radial, Axial, and Moment Loadings---Flexible Support of Bearing Rings 1(40)

General 2(1)

Ball Bearings under Combined Radial, Thrust, and Moment Loads 3(5)

Misalignment of Radial Roller Bearings 8(9)

Components of Deformation 8(1)

Crowning 9(4)

Load on a Roller-Raceway Contact Lamina 13(1)

Equations of Static Equilibrium 14(1)

Deflection Equations 15(2)

Thrust Loading of Radial Cylindrical Roller Bearings 17(7)

Equilibrium Equations 20(1)

Deflection Equations 21(1)

Roller-Raceway Deformations Due to Skewing 22(2)

Radial, Thrust, and Moment Loadings of Radial Roller Bearings 24(2)

Cylindrical Roller Bearings 24(1)

Tapered Roller Bearings 25(1)

Spherical Roller Bearings 26(1)

Stresses in Roller-Raceway Nonideal Line Contacts 26(2)

Flexibly Supported Rolling Bearings 28(11)

Ring Deflections 28(6)

Relative Radial Approach of Rolling Elements to the Ring 34(1)

Determination of Rolling Element Loads 35(2)

Finite Element Methods 37(2)

Closure 39(2)

References 39(2)

Bearing Component Motions and Speeds 41(22)

General 42(1)

Rolling and Sliding 42(4)

Geometrical Considerations 42(2)

Sliding and Deformation 44(2)

Orbital, Pivotal, and Spinning Motions in Ball Bearings 46(10)

General Motions 46(5)

No Gyroscopic Pivotal Motion 51(1)

Spin-to-Roll Ratio 52(1)

Calculation of Rolling and Spinning Speeds 53(2)

Gyroscopic Motion 55(1)

Roller End-Flange Sliding in Roller Bearings 56(4)

Roller End--Flange Contact 56(1)

Roller End--Flange Geometry 56(3)

Sliding Velocity 59(1)

Closure 60(3)

References 61(2)

High-Speed Operation: Ball and Roller Dynamic Loads and Bearing Internal Load Distribution 63(32)

General 64(1)

Dynamic Loading of Rolling Elements 65(10)

Body Forces Due to Rolling Element Rotations 65(3)

Centrifugal Force 68(1)

Rotation about the Bearing Axis 68(5)

Rotation about an Eccentric Axis 73(1)

Gyroscopic Moment 74(1)

High-Speed Ball Bearings 75(9)

Ball Excursions 83(1)

Lightweight Balls 83(1)

High-Speed Radial Cylindrical Roller Bearings 84(3)

Hollow Rollers 87(1)

High-Speed Tapered and Spherical Roller Bearings 87(1)

Five Degrees of Freedom in Loading 88(2)

Closure 90(5)

References 93(2)

Lubricant Films in Rolling Element-Raceway Contacts 95(32)

General 97(1)

Hydrodynamic Lubrication 97(4)

Reynolds Equation 97(3)

Film Thickness 100(1)

Load Supported by the Lubricant Film 101(1)

Isothermal Elastohydrodynamic Lubrication 101(11)

Viscosity Variation with Pressure 101(4)

Deformation of Contact Surfaces 105(3)

Pressure and Stress Distribution 108(3)

Lubricant Film Thickness 111(1)

Very-High-Pressure Effects 112(1)

Inlet Lubricant Frictional Heating Effects 113(1)

Starvation of Lubricant 114(2)

Surface Topography Effects 116(2)

Grease Lubrication 118(3)

Lubrication Regimes 121(2)

Closure 123(4)

References 123(4)

Friction in Rolling Element-Raceway Contacts 127(26)

General 128(1)

Rolling Friction 129(1)

Deformation 129(1)

Elastic Hysteresis 129(1)

Sliding Friction 130(9)

Microslip 130(2)

Sliding Due to Rolling Motion: Solid-Film or Boundary Lubrication 132(1)

Direction of Sliding 132(1)

Sliding Friction 133(2)

Sliding Due to Rolling Motion: Full Oil-Film Lubrication 135(1)

Newtonian Lubricant 135(1)

Lubricant Film Parameter 135(1)

Non-Newtonian Lubricant in an Elastohydrodynamic Lubrication Contact 135(2)

Limiting Shear Stress 137(1)

Fluid Shear Stress for Full-Film Lubrication 137(1)

Sliding Due to Rolling Motion: Partial Oil-Film Lubrication 138(1)

Overall Surface Friction Shear Stress 138(1)

Friction Force 139(1)

Real Surfaces, Microgeometry, and Microcontacts 139(9)

Real Surfaces 139(1)

GW Model 140(3)

Plastic Contacts 143(1)

Application of the GW Model 143(2)

Asperity-Supported and Fluid-Supported Loads 145(1)

Sliding Due to Rolling Motion: Roller Bearings 145(1)

Sliding Velocities and Friction Shear Stresses 145(1)

Contact Friction Force 146(1)

Sliding Due to Spinning and Gyroscopic Motions 147(1)

Sliding Velocities and Friction Shear Stresses 147(1)

Contact Friction Force Components 148(1)

Sliding in a Tilted Roller-Raceway Contact 148(1)

Closure 148(5)

References 150(3)

Friction Effects in Rolling Bearings 153(38)

General 154(1)

Bearing Friction Sources 155(3)

Sliding in Rolling Element-Raceway Contacts 155(1)

Viscous Drag on Rolling Elements 155(1)

Sliding between the Cage and the Bearing Rings 156(1)

Sliding between Rolling Elements and Cage Pockets 156(1)

Sliding between Roller Ends and Ring Flanges 156(2)

Sliding Friction in Seals 158(1)

Bearing Operation with Solid-Film Lubrication: Effects of Friction Forces and Moments 158(8)

Ball Bearings 158(5)

Roller Bearings 163(3)

Bearing Operation with Fluid-Film Lubrication: Effects of Friction Forces and Moments 166(11)

Ball Bearings 166(1)

Calculation of Ball Speeds 166(4)

Skidding 170(4)

Cylindrical Roller Bearings 174(1)

Calculation of Roller Speeds 174(2)

Skidding 176(1)

Cage Motions and Forces 177(6)

Influence of Speed 177(1)

Forces Acting on the Cage 177(2)

Steady-State Conditions 179(3)

Dynamic Conditions 182(1)

Roller Skewing 183(5)

Roller Equilibrium Skewing Angle 185(3)

Closure 188(3)

References 189(2)

Rolling Bearing Temperatures 191(18)

General 192(1)

Friction Heat Generation 193(3)

Ball Bearings 193(1)

Roller Bearings 194(2)

Heat Transfer 196(3)

Modes of Heat Transfer 196(1)

Heat Conduction 196(1)

Heat Convection 196(2)

Heat Radiation 198(1)

Analysis of Heat Flow 199(4)

Systems of Equations 199(2)

Solution of Equations 201(1)

Temperature Node System 202(1)

High Temperature Considerations 203(2)

Special Lubricants and Seals 203(2)

Heat Removal 205(1)

Heat Transfer in a Rolling-Sliding Contact 205(3)

Closure 208(1)

References 208(1)

Application Load and Life Factors 209(50)

General 210(1)

Effect of Bearing Internal Load Distribution on Fatigue Life 211(8)

Ball Bearing Life 211(1)

Raceway Life 211(1)

Ball Life 212(1)

Roller Bearing Life 213(1)

Raceway Life 213(1)

Roller Life 213(1)

Clearance 214(1)

Flexibly Supported Bearings 215(1)

High-Speed Operation 215(3)

Misalignment 218(1)

Effect of Lubrication on Fatigue Life 219(4)

Effect of Material and Material Processing on Fatigue Life 223(1)

Effect of Contamination on Fatigue Life 224(4)

Combining Fatigue Life Factors 228(3)

Limitations of the Lundberg-Palmgren Theory 231(3)

Ioannides-Harris Theory 234(2)

The Stress--Life Factor 236(19)

Life Equation 236(1)

Fatigue-Initiating Stress 237(1)

Subsurface Stresses Due to Normal Stresses Acting on the Contact Surfaces 237(1)

Subsurface Stresses Due to Frictional Shear Stresses Acting on the Contact Surfaces 238(1)

Stress Concentration Associated with Surface Friction Shear Stress 238(2)

Stresses Due to Particulate Contaminants 240(7)

Combination of Stress Concentration Factors Due to Lubrication and Contamination 247(1)

Effect of Lubricant Additives on Bearing Fatigue Life 247(1)

Hoop Stresses 247(1)

Residual Stresses 248(1)

Sources of Residual Stresses 248(1)

Alterations of Residual Stress Due to Rolling Contact 249(1)

Work Hardening 250(1)

Life Integral 251(2)

Fatigue Limit Stress 253(1)

ISO Standard 253(2)

Closure 255(4)

References 256(3)

Statically Indeterminate Shaft-Bearing Systems 259(14)

General 260(1)

Two-Bearing Systems 260(5)

Rigid Shaft Systems 260(2)

Flexible Shaft Systems 262(3)

Three-Bearing Systems 265(5)

Rigid Shaft Systems 265(1)

Nonrigid Shaft Systems 266(3)

Rigid Shafts 269(1)

Multiple-Bearing Systems 270(2)

Closure 272(1)

Reference 272(1)

Failure and Damage Modes in Rolling Bearings 273(30)

General 273(1)

Bearing Failure Due to Faulty Lubrication 274(2)

Interruption of Lubricant Supply to Bearings 274(1)

Thermal Imbalance 274(2)

Fracture of Bearing Rings Due to Fretting 276(3)

Bearing Failure Due to Excessive Thrust Loading 279(1)

Bearing Failure Due to Cage Fracture 280(3)

Incipient Failure Due to Pitting or Indentation of the Rolling Contact Surfaces 283(10)

Corrosion Pitting 283(1)

True Brinnelling 284(1)

False Brinnelling in Bearing Raceways 284(1)

Pitting Due to Electric Current Passing through the Bearing 285(1)

Indentations Caused by Hard Particle Contaminants 285(1)

Effect of Pitting and Denting on Bearing Functional Performance and Endurance 286(7)

Wear 293(2)

Definition of Wear 293(1)

Types of Wear 294(1)

Micropitting 295(1)

Surface-Initiated Fatigue 295(5)

Subsurface-Initiated Fatigue 300(1)

Closure 300(3)

References 302(1)

Bearing and Rolling Element Endurance Testing and Analysis 303(40)

General 304(2)

Life Testing Problems and Limitations 306(2)

Acceleration of Endurance Testing 306(1)

Acceleration of Endurance Testing through Very Heavy Applied Loading 306(1)

Avoiding Test Operation in the Plastic Deformation Regime 306(1)

Load-Life Relationship of Roller Bearings 307(1)

Acceleration of Endurance Testing through High-Speed Operation 307(1)

Testing in the Marginal Lubrication Regime 308(1)

Practical Testing Considerations 308(3)

Particulate Contaminants in the Lubricant 308(1)

Moisture in the Lubricant 309(1)

Chemical Composition of the Lubricant 309(1)

Consistency of Test Conditions 309(1)

Condition Changes over the Test Period 309(1)

Lubricant Property Changes 309(1)

Control of Temperature 310(1)

Deterioration of Bearing Mounting Hardware 310(1)

Failure Detection 310(1)

Concurrent Test Analysis 311(1)

Test Samples 311(1)

Statistical Requirements 311(1)

Number of Test Bearings 312(1)

Test Strategy 312(1)

Manufacturing Accuracy of Test Samples 312(1)

Test Rig Design 312(7)

Statistical Analysis of Endurance Test Data 319(12)

Statistical Data Distributions 319(1)

The Two-Parameter Weibull Distribution 320(1)

Probability Functions 320(1)

Mean Time between Failures 321(1)

Percentiles 322(1)

Graphical Representation of the Weibull Distribution 323(1)

Estimation in Single Samples 324(1)

Application of the Weibull Distribution 324(1)

Point Estimation in Single Samples: Graphical Methods 324(2)

Point Estimation in Single Samples: Method of Maximum Likelihood 326(2)

Sudden Death Tests 328(1)

Precision of Estimation: Sample Size Selection 329(1)

Estimation in Sets of Weibull Data 329(1)

Methods 329(2)

Element Testing 331(12)

Rolling Component Endurance Testers 331(3)

Rolling-Sliding Friction Testers 334(1)

Purpose 334(1)

Rolling-Sliding Disk Test Rig 334(2)

Ball-Disk Test Rig 336(2)

Closure 338(2)

References 340(3)
Appendix 343(2)
Index 345(10)

Rolling Bearing Types and Applications 1(42)

Introduction to Rolling Bearings 1(9)

Ball Bearings 10(12)

Radial Ball Bearings 10(1)

Single-Row Deep-Groove Conrad-Assembly Ball Bearing 10(4)

Single-Row Deep-Groove Filling-Slot Assembly Ball Bearings 14(1)

Double-Row Deep-Groove Ball Bearings 15(1)

Instrument Ball Bearings 15(2)

Angular-Contact Ball Bearings 17(1)

Single-Row Angular-Contact Ball Bearings 17(1)

Double-Row Angular-Contact Ball Bearings 17(1)

Self-Aligning Double-Row Ball Bearings 18(3)

Split Inner-Ring Ball Bearings 21(1)

Thrust Ball Bearings 22(1)

Roller Bearings 22(12)

General 22(1)

Radial Roller Bearings 23(1)

Cylindrical Roller Bearings 23(1)

Needle Roller Bearings 23(2)

Tapered Roller Bearings 25(3)

Spherical Roller Bearings 28(4)

Thrust Roller Bearings 32(1)

Spherical Roller Thrust Bearings 32(1)

Cylindrical Roller Thrust Bearings 32(1)

Tapered Roller Thrust Bearings 32(1)

Needle Roller Thrust Bearings 33(1)

Linear Motion Bearings 34(1)

Bearings for Special Applications 35(5)

Automotive Wheel Bearings 35(3)

Cam Follower Bearings 38(1)

Aircraft Gas Turbine Engine and Power Transmission Bearings 39(1)

Closure 40(3)

References 40(3)

Rolling Bearing Macrogeometry 43(18)

General 44(1)

Ball Bearings 44(9)

Osculation 45(1)

Contact Angle and Endplay 45(4)

Free Angle of Misalignment 49(1)

Curvature and Relative Curvature 50(3)

Spherical Roller Bearings 53(2)

Pitch Diameter and Diametral Play 53(1)

Contact Angle and Free Endplay 53(1)

Osculation 54(1)

Curvature 54(1)

Radial Cylindrical Roller Bearings 55(1)

Pitch Diameter, Diametral Clearance, and Endplay 55(1)

Curvature 56(1)

Tapered Roller Bearings 56(2)

Pitch Diameter 56(1)

Endplay 57(1)

Curvature 58(1)

Closure 58(3)

References 59(2)

Interference Fitting and Clearance 61(12)

General 62(1)

Industrial, National, and International Standards 62(3)

Method of Establishment and Scope 62(1)

Tolerances for Press-Fitting of Bearing Rings on Shafts and in Housings 62(3)

Effect of Interference Fitting on Clearance 65(4)

Press Force 69(1)

Differential Expansion 69(1)

Effect of Surface Finish 70(1)

Closure 70(3)

References 71(2)

Bearing Loads and Speeds 73(20)

General 74(1)

Concentrated Radial Loading 74(7)

Bearing Loads 74(2)

Gear Loads 76(1)

Belt-and-Pulley and Chain Drive Loads 77(1)

Friction Wheel Drives 78(1)

Dynamic Loading Due to an Eccentric Rotor 78(1)

Dynamic Loading Due to a Crank-Reciprocating Load Mechanism 79(2)

Concentrated Radial and Moment Loading 81(7)

Helical Gear Loads 82(1)

Bevel Gear Loads 82(4)

Hypoid Gear 86(1)

Worm Gear 87(1)

Shaft Speeds 88(2)

Distributed Load Systems 90(1)

Closure 91(2)

References 91(2)

Ball and Roller Loads Due to Bearing Applied Loading 93(8)

General 93(1)

Ball-Raceway Loading 94(1)

Symmetrical Spherical Roller-Raceway Loading 94(1)

Tapered and Asymmetrical Spherical Roller--Raceway and Roller-Flange Loading 95(1)

Cylindrical Roller--Raceway Loading 96(3)

Radial Loading 96(2)

Roller Skewing Moment 98(1)

Closure 99(2)

Contact Stress and Deformation 101(34)

General 102(1)

Theory of Elasticity 102(4)

Surface Stresses and Deformations 106(8)

Subsurface Stresses 114(6)

Effect of Surface Shear Stress 120(3)

Types of Contacts 123(7)

Roller End-Flange Contact Stress 130(3)

Closure 133(2)

References 133(2)

Distributions of Internal Loading in Statically Loaded Bearing 135(24)

General 136(1)

Load--Deflection Relationships 136(1)

Bearings under Radial Load 137(4)

Bearings under Thrust Load 141(7)

Centric Thrust Load 141(1)

Angular-Contact Ball Bearings 141(3)

Eccentric Thrust Load 144(1)

Single-Direction Bearings 144(2)

Double-Direction Bearings 146(2)

Bearings under Combined Radial and Thrust Load 148(8)

Single-Row Bearings 148(5)

Double-Row Bearings 153(3)

Closure 156(3)

References 157(2)

Bearing Deflection and Preloading 159(12)

General 160(1)

Deflections of Bearings with Rigidly Supported Rings 160(1)

Preloading 161(5)

Axial Preloading 161(4)

Radial Preloading 165(1)

Preloading to Achieve Isoelasticity 165(1)

Limiting Ball Bearing Thrust Load 166(4)

General Considerations 166(1)

Thrust Load Causing Ball to Override Land 167(3)

Thrust Load Causing Excessive Contact Stress 170(1)

Closure 170(1)

References 170(1)

Permanent Deformation and Bearing Static Capacity 171(10)

General 172(1)

Calculation of Permanent Deformation 172(2)

Static Load Rating of Bearings 174(2)

Static Equivalent Load 176(1)

Fracture of Bearing Components 177(1)

Permissible Static Load 178(1)

Closure 179(2)

References 179(2)

Kinematic Speeds, Friction Torque, and Power Loss 181(14)

General 182(1)

Cage Speed 182(1)

Rolling Element Speed 183(1)

Rolling Bearing Friction 184(1)

Rolling Bearing Friction Torque 185(7)

Ball Bearings 185(1)

Torque Due to Applied Load 185(1)

Torque Due to Lubricant Viscous Friction 186(1)

Total Friction Torque 186(1)

Cylindrical Roller Bearings 187(1)

Torque Due to Applied Load 187(1)

Torque Due to Lubricant Viscous Friction 187(1)

Torque Due to Roller End-Ring Flange Sliding Friction 187(1)

Total Friction Torque 188(1)

Spherical Roller Bearings 188(1)

Torque Due to Applied Load 188(1)

Torque Due to Lubricant Viscous Friction 189(1)

Total Friction Torque 189(1)

Needle Roller Bearings 189(1)

Tapered Roller Bearings 190(2)

High-Speed Effects 192(1)

Bearing Power Loss 192(1)

Thermal Speed Ratings 192(1)

Closure 193(2)

References 193(2)

Fatigue Life: Basic Theory and Rating Standards 195(60)

General 197(1)

Rolling Contact Fatigue 197(4)

Material Microstructure before Bearing Operation 197(1)

Alteration of the Microstructure Caused by Over-Rolling 197(3)

Fatigue Cracking and Raceway Spalling Caused by Over-Rolling 200(1)

Fatigue Failure-Initiating Stress and Depth 201(1)

Fatigue Life Dispersion 201(3)

Weibull Distribution 204(4)

Dynamic Capacity and Life of a Rolling Contact 208(7)

Line Contact 214(1)

Fatigue Life of a Rolling Bearing 215(23)

Point-Contact Radial Bearings 215(9)

Point-Contact Thrust Bearings 224(5)

Line-Contact Radial Bearings 229(4)

Line-Contact Thrust Bearings 233(1)

Radial Roller Bearings with Point and Line Contact 234(3)

Thrust Roller Bearing with Point and Line Contact 237(1)

Load Rating Standards 238(2)

Effect of Variable Loading on Fatigue Life 240(3)

Fatigue Life of Oscillating Bearings 243(5)

Reliability and Fatigue Life 248(3)

Closure 251(4)

References 252(3)

Lubricants and Lubrication Techniques 255(22)

General 255(1)

Types of Lubricants 255(1)

Selection of Lubricant Type 255(1)

Liquid Lubricants 256(1)

Greases 256(1)

Polymeric Lubricants 256(1)

Solid Lubricants 256(1)

Liquid Lubricants 256(6)

Types of Liquid Lubricants 256(1)

Mineral Oil 256(1)

Synthetic Oils 257(1)

Environmentally Acceptable Oils 257(2)

Base Stock Lubricant 259(1)

Properties of Base Liquid Lubricants 259(1)

Viscosity 259(1)

Viscosity Index 259(1)

Pour Point 260(1)

Flash Point 260(1)

Evaporation Loss 260(1)

Lubricant Additive 260(1)

Purpose 260(1)

VI Improvers 261(1)

Extreme Pressure/Antiwear 261(1)

Other Additives 262(1)

Grease 262(3)

How Grease Lubrication Functions 262(1)

Advantages of Grease Lubrication 262(1)

Types of Greases 262(1)

General 262(1)

Lithium Soap Greases 263(1)

Calcium Soap Greases 263(1)

Sodium Soap Greases 263(1)

Aluminum Complex Greases 263(1)

Nonsoap-Base Greases 264(1)

Inorganic Thickeners for Grease 264(1)

Combining Greases 264(1)

Grease Properties 264(1)

Properties of Retained Oil 264(1)

Dropping Point 264(1)

Low-Temperature Torque 264(1)

Oil Separation 265(1)

Penetration 265(1)

Solid Lubricants 265(1)

Lubricant Delivery Systems 266(4)

Oil Bath/Splash Oil 266(1)

Circulating Oil 267(1)

Air--Oil/Oil Mist 268(1)

Grease 268(1)

Polymeric Lubricant 269(1)

Seals 270(5)

Function of Seals 270(1)

Types of Seals 271(1)

Labyrinth Seals 271(1)

Shields 272(1)

Elastomeric Lip Seals 272(2)

Garter Seals 274(1)

Closure 275(2)

References 276(1)

Structural Materials of Bearings 277(52)

General 277(1)

Rolling Bearing Steels 277(3)

Types of Steels for Rolling Components 277(1)

Through-Hardening Steels 277(1)

Case-Hardening Steels 278(1)

Steels for Special Bearings 278(2)

Steel Manufacture 280(7)

Melting Methods 280(1)

Raw Materials 280(1)

Basic Electric Furnace Process 281(1)

Vacuum Degassing of Steel 281(1)

Ladle Furnace 281(1)

Methods for Producing Ultrahigh-Purity Steel 282(1)

Vacuum Induction Melting 282(1)

Vacuum Arc Remelting 283(1)

Electroslag Refining 283(1)

Steel Products 284(1)

Steel Metallurgical Characteristics 284(1)

Cleanliness 284(2)

Segregation 286(1)

Structure 287(1)

Effects of Processing Methods on Steel Components 287(1)

Heat Treatment of Steel 288(15)

Basic Principles 288(2)

Time--Temperature Transformation Curve 290(1)

Continuous Cooling Transformation Curves 290(1)

Hardenability 291(2)

Hardening Methods 293(1)

Through-Hardening, High-Carbon--Chromium Bearing Steels 294(1)

General Heat Treatment 294(1)

Martensite 294(1)

Marquenching 294(1)

Bainite 294(1)

Surface Hardening 295(1)

Methods 295(1)

Carburizing 295(1)

Carbonitriding 296(1)

Induction Heating 297(1)

Flame-Hardening 298(1)

Thermal Treatment for Structural Stability 298(2)

Mechanical Properties Affected by Heat Treatment 300(1)

Elasticity 300(1)

Ultimate Strength 300(1)

Fatigue Strength 300(1)

Toughness 301(1)

Hardness 301(1)

Residual Stress 302(1)

Materials for Special Bearings 303(3)

Cage Materials 306(7)

Material Types 306(1)

Low-Carbon Steel 307(1)

Brass 307(1)

Bronze 307(1)

Polymeric Cage Materials 307(1)

Advantages and Disadvantages 307(1)

Rolling Bearing Polymer Cages 308(4)

High-Temperature Polymers 312(1)

Seal Materials 313(4)

Function, Description, and Illustration 313(1)

Elastomeric Seal Materials 313(4)

Tribological Coatings for Bearing Components 317(8)

Coatings in General 317(1)

Coating Deposition Processes 317(1)

General 317(1)

Chemical Conversion Coatings 317(1)

Electroplating and Electroless Plating 318(1)

Chemical Vapor Deposition 318(1)

Physical Vapor Deposition 318(1)

Surface Treatments for Mitigation of Damage Mechanisms Associated with Severe Operating Conditions 319(1)

General 319(1)

Interruption or Lack of Lubricant Supply to the Bearing 319(1)

False Brinelling 320(1)

Indentations Caused by Hard Particle Contaminants 321(1)

Severe Wear (Galling or Smearing) 321(2)

Surface-Initiated Fatigue 323(2)

Closure 325(4)

References 326(3)

Vibration, Noise, and Condition Monitoring 329(26)

General 329(1)

Vibration- and Noise-Sensitive Applications 330(2)

Significance of Vibration and Noise 330(1)

Noise-Sensitive Applications 330(1)

Vibration-Sensitive Applications 331(1)

The Role of Bearings in Machine Vibration 332(8)

Bearing Effects on Machine Vibration 332(1)

Structural Elements 333(1)

Variable Elastic Compliance 333(1)

Geometric Imperfections 334(1)

General 334(1)

Microscale 335(1)

Waviness and Other Form Errors 335(2)

Waviness Model 337(3)

Measurement of Nonroundness and Vibration 340(4)

Waviness Testing 340(1)

Vibration Testing 341(1)

Bearing Pass Frequencies 341(2)

Relation of Vibration and Waviness or Other Defects 343(1)

Detection of Failing Bearings in Machines 344(4)

Condition-Based Maintenance 348(5)

Closure 353(2)

References 354(1)
Appendix 355(4)
Index 359