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简介
Publisher's description: The Encyclopedia of Insects is a comprehensive work devoted to all aspects of insects, including their anatomy, physiology, evolution, behavior, reproduction, ecology, and disease, as well as issues of exploitation, conservation, and management. Articles provide definitive facts about all insects from aphids, beetles and butterflies to weevils and yellowjackets. Insects are beautiful and dreadful, ravenous pests and devastating disease vectors, resilient and resistant to eradication, and the source of great benefit and great loss for civilization. Important for ecosystem health, they have influenced the evolution of other life forms on our planet including humans. Anyone interested in insects, from university professors and researchers to high school students preparing a report, will find The Encyclopedia of Insects an indispensable volume for insect information.
目录
Contents Subject Area p. xiii
Contributors p. xvii
Guide to the Encyclopedia p. xxiii
Foreword p. xxv
Preface p. xxvii
Acari - see Mites; Ticks
Accessory Glands Diana E. Wheeler p. 1
Acoustic Behavior - see Hearing
Aedes Mosquito - see Mosquitoes
Aestivation Sinzo Masaki p. 3
Africanized Bees - see Neotropical African Bees
Agricultural Entomology Marcos Kogan and Ronald Prokopy p. 4
Alderfly - see Megaloptera
Amber George Poinar Jr. p. 9
Anatomy: Head, Thorax, Abdomen, and Genitalia David H. Headrick and Gordon Gordh p. 12
Anopheles Mosquito - see Mosquitoes
Anoplura - see Phthiraptera
Antennae Catherine Loudon p. 26
Ants Nigel R. Franks p. 29
Aphids John T. Sorenson p. 32
Apis Species Eva Crane p. 37
Aposematic Coloration Mathieu Joron p. 39
Apterygota p. 45
Aquatic Habitats Richard W. Merritt and J. Bruce Wallace p. 45
Arachnida - see Scorpions; Spiders
Archaeognatha Helmut Sturm p. 57
Arthropoda and Related Groups James H. Thorp p. 59
Auchenorrhyncha Christopher H. Dietrich p. 66
Autohemorrhage p. 74
Autotomy p. 75
Bee - see Apis Species
Beekeeping Eva Crane p. 76
Bee Products Eva Crane p. 82
Beeswax Eva Crane p. 84
Beetle - see Coleoptera
Biodiversity Nigel E. Stork p. 85
Biogenic Amines Arnd Baumann and Wolfgang Blenau and Joachim Erber p. 91
Biogeographical Patterns Peter Zwick p. 94
Biological Control of Insect Pests R. G. Van Driesche and M. S. Hoddle p. 103
Bioluminescence James E. Lloyd and Erin C. Gentry p. 115
Biotechnology and Insects Bryony C. Bonning p. 120
Blattodea Donald G. Cochran p. 123
Blood - see Circulatory System
Blood Sucking M. J. Lebane p. 127
Body Size Christer Bjorkman and Mats W. Pettersson p. 130
Boll Weevil R. Nelson Foster p. 132
Bombyx mori Satoshi Takeda p. 133
Book Louse - see Psocoptera
Borers Timothy D. Paine p. 135
Brain and Optic Lobes Nicholas J. Strausfeld p. 137
Bristletail - see Archaeognatha
Bubonic Plague Irwin W. Sherman p. 147
Bumblebee - see Hymenoptera
Butterfly - see Lepidoptera
Caddisfly - see Trichoptera
Caste Sean O'Donnell p. 151
Caterpillars Frederick W. Stehr p. 154
Cat Fleas Nancy C. Hinkle and Michael K. Rust p. 156
Cave Insects Francis G. Howarth p. 158
Cell Culture Dweight E. Lynn p. 163
Chemical Defense Murray S. Blum p. 165
Chemoreception B. K. Mitchell p. 169
Chiggers and Other Disease-Causing Mites Larry G. Arlian p. 174
Chitin Ephraim Cohen p. 179
Chromosomes Graham C. Webb p. 180
Chrysalis Frederick W. Stehr p. 185
Cicadas Max S. Moulds p. 186
Circadian Rhythms Terry L. Page p. 188
Circulatory System Thomas A. Miller p. 192
Classification - see Nomenclature and Classification
Cockroach - see Blattodea
Cocoon Frederick W. Stehr p. 197
Codling Moth Stephen C. Welter p. 198
Coevolution Douglas J. Futuyma p. 199
Cold/Heat Protection David L. Denlinger p. 204
Coleoptera James K. Liebberr and Joseph V. McHugh p. 209
Collection and Preservation Charles V. Covell, Jr. p. 230
Collembola Kenneth A. Christiansen and Peter Bellinger p. 235
Colonies Sean O'Donnell p. 239
Colorado Potato Beetle George G. Kennedy p. 242
Coloration Helen Ghiradella p. 244
Commercial Products from Insects Michael E. Irwin and Gail E. Kampmeier p. 251
Conservation Tim R. New p. 260
Crickets Richard D. Alexander and Daniel Otte p. 265
Crypsis Paul M. Brakefield p. 269
Cultural Entomology James N. Hogue p. 273
Cuticle Svend O. Andersen p. 281
Daddy-Long-Legs Gonzalo Giribet p. 283
Damselfly - see Odonata
Dance Language P. Kirk Visscher p. 284
DDT Fumio Matsumura p. 288
Defensive Behavior Justin O. Schmidt p. 289
Dengue Thomas W. Scott p. 295
Dermaptera Susan M. Rankin and James O. Palmer p. 297
Development, Hormonal Control of Michael E. Adams p. 300
Diapause David L. Denlinger p. 305
Digestion Walter R. Terra p. 310
Digestive System Walter R. Terra and Clelia Ferreira p. 313
Diplura Robert T. Allen p. 323
Diptera Richard W. Merritt and Gregory W. Courtney and Joe B. Keiper p. 324
Diversity - see Biodiversity
Division of Labor in Insect Societies Gene E. Robinson p. 340
Dobsonfly - see Megaloptera
Dog Heartworm Edward G. Platzer p. 343
Dormancy Richard E. Lee, Jr. p. 344
Dragonfly - see Odonata
Drosophila melanogaster Patrick M. O'Grady p. 345
Dung Beetles James Ridsdill-Smith p. 348
Earwig - see Dermaptera
Ecdysis - see Molting
Ecdysteroids Michael E. Adams p. 352
Eggs Diana E. Wheeler p. 355
Egg Coverings Diana E. Wheeler p. 356
Embiidina Edward S. Ross p. 358
Embryogenesis Lisa Nagy and Miodrag Grbic p. 359
Endangered Insects Scott Hoffinan Black and Mace Vaughan p. 364
Endopterygota p. 369
Entomological Societies Alan I. Kaplan p. 369
Ephemeroptera John E. Brittain and Michel Sartori p. 373
Estivation - see Aestivation
Evolution - see Phylogeny
Excretion Timothy J. Bradley p. 380
Exopterygota p. 387
Exoskeleton Svend O. Andersen p. 387
Extension Entomology Nancy C. Hinkle and Beverly Sparks and Linda J. Mason and Karen M. Vail p. 390
Eyes and Vision Michael F. Land p. 393
Fat Body Ephraim Cohen p. 407
Feeding Behavior Reginald F. Chapman p. 409
Fire Ants Les Greenberg p. 414
Flea - see Siphonaptera
Flight Michael Dickinson and Robert Dudley p. 416
Fly - see Diptera
Folk Beliefs and Superstitions James N. Hogue p. 426
Food, Insects as Gene R. DeFoliart p. 431
Forensic Entomology M. Lee Goff p. 437
Forest Habitats David L. Wood and Andrew J. Storer p. 442
Fossil Record David Grimaldi p. 455
Freshwater Habitats - see Aquatic Habitats
Fruit Fly - see Drosophila melanogaster
Gallmaking and Insects Katherine N. Schick and Donald L. Dahlsten p. 464
Genetically Modified Plants David A. Andow p. 466
Genetic Engineering Peter W. Atkinson and David A. O'Brochta p. 471
Genetic Variation George K. Roderick p. 478
Grasshopper - see Orthoptera
Grassland Habitats Teja Tscharntke and Ingolf Steffan-Dewenter and Andreas Kruess and Carsten Thies p. 481
Greenhouse Gases, Global Warming, and Insects Peter Stiling p. 486
Growth, Individual Martin B. Berg and Richard W. Merritt p. 489
Grylloblattodea D. C. F. Rentz p. 492
Gypsy Moth Joseph S. Elkinton p. 493
Hearing Jayne Yack and Ron Hoy p. 498
Hemiptera - see Auchenorrhyncha; Prosorrhyncha; Sternorrhyncha
Hemolymph Michael R. Kanost p. 505
Heteroptera - see Prosorrhyncha
Hibernation Richard E. Lee, Jr. p. 508
History of Entomology Edward H. Smith and Janet R. Smith p. 509
Homeostasis, Behavioral P. Kirk Visscher p. 519
Homoptera - see Auchenorrhyncha; Sternorrhyncha
Honey Eva Crane p. 521
Honey Bee - see Apis Species
Honeydew Thomas E. Mittler and Anglea E. Douglas p. 523
Hornet - see Wasps
Host Seeking, by Parasitoids Ronald M. Weseloh p. 526
Host Seeking, for Plants Elizabeth A. Bernays p. 529
House Fly Gregory A. Dahlem p. 532
Hymenoptera Donald L. J. Quicke p. 534
Hypermetamorphosis John D. Pinto p. 546
Hyperparasitism Daniel J. Sullivan p. 549
Imaginal Discs Seth S. Blair p. 552
Immunology Nancy E. Beckage p. 555
Industrial Melanism Michael E. N. Majerus p. 560
Insecta, Overview Vincent H. Resh and Ring T. Carde p. 564
Insecticides Fumio Matsumura p. 566
Insecticide and Acaricide Resistance Gregor J. Devine and Ian Denholn p. 569
Insectivorous Plants Lewis J. Feldman p. 577
Insectivorous Vertebrates p. 580
Insect Zoos Leslie Saul-Gershenz p. 582
Integrated Pest Management Ronald Prokopy and Marcos Kogan p. 589
Integument Svend O. Andersen p. 595
Introduced Insects Daniel Simberloff p. 597
Island Biogeography and Evolution George K. Roderick and Rosemary G. Gillespie p. 602
Isoptera Vernard R. Lewis p. 604
Japanese Beetle David W. Held and Daniel A. Potter p. 609
June Beetles Daniel A. Potter and David W. Held p. 610
Juvenile Hormones Michael E. Adams p. 611
Katydid - see Orthoptera
Killer Bees - see Neotropical African Bees
Lacewing - see Neuroptera
Ladybugs Michael E. N. Majerus p. 618
Larva Frederick W. Stehr p. 622
Learning Daniel R. Papaj p. 624
Legs Peter H. Adler p. 627
Lepidoptera Jerry A. Powell p. 631
Lice - see Phthiraptera
Lice, Human Terri L. Meinking p. 664
Locusts Reginald F. Chapman p. 666
Magnetic Sense John Klotz and Rudolf Jander p. 670
Malaria William K. Reisen p. 672
Mallophaga - see Phthiraptera
Mantodea Lawrence E. Hurd p. 675
Mantophasmatodea Klaus-Dieter Klass p. 677
Marine Insects Lanna Cheng p. 679
Mating Behaviors Darry T. Guynne p. 682
Mayfly - see Ephemeroptera
Mechanoreception Andrew S. French and Paivi H. Torkkeli p. 689
Mecoptera George W. Byers p. 690
Medical Entomology John D. Edman p. 693
Medicine, Insects in Ronald A. Sherman p. 698
Megaloptera Norman H. Anderson p. 700
Metabolism S. Nelson Thompson and R. K. Suarez p. 703
Metamorphosis Frederick W. Stehr p. 707
Migration Hugh Dingle p. 708
Mimicry Mathieu Joron p. 714
Mites Barry M. OConnor p. 726
Molting Lynn M. Riddiford p. 733
Monarchs Lincoln P. Brower p. 739
Mosquitoes Bruce F. Eldridge p. 743
Moth - see Lepidoptera
Mouthparts Reginald F. Chapman p. 750
Movies, Insects in May R. Berenbaum and Richard J. Leskosky p. 756
Musca domestica - see House Fly
Muscle System Robert Josephson p. 763
Museums and Display Collections Gordon M. Nishida p. 768
Neosomy Frank J. Radovsky p. 775
Neotropical African Bees Orley R. Taylor p. 776
Nervous System - see Brain and Optic Lobes
Nest Building Robert L. Jeanne p. 778
Neuropeptides Miriam Altstein p. 782
Neuroptera Catherine A. Tauber and Maurice J. Tauber and Gilberto S. Albuquerque p. 785
Nomenclature and Classification, Principles of F. Christian Thompson p. 798
Nutrition S. Nelson Thompson and S. J. Simpson p. 807
Ocelli and Stemmata Frederick W. Stehr p. 814
Odonata K. J. Tennessen p. 814
Orientation Ring T. Carde p. 823
Orthoptera D. C. F. Rentz and You Ning Su p. 827
Ovarioles Diana E. Wheeler p. 839
Oviposition Behavior Marc J. Klowden p. 841
Parasitoids Nick Mills p. 845
Parental Care Michelle Pellissier Scott p. 848
Parthenogenesis Lawrence R. Kirkendall and Benjamin Normark p. 851
Pathogens of Insects Brian A. Federici p. 856
Phasmida Erich H. Tilgner p. 865
Pheromones Ring T. Carde and Jocelyn G. Millar p. 866
Phoresy Marilyn A. Houck p. 873
Photography of Insects Mark W. Moffett p. 875
Phthiraptera Ronald A. Hellenthal and Roger D. Price p. 879
Phylogeny of Insects Peter S. Cranston and Penny J. Gullan p. 882
Physical Control of Insect Pests Charles Vincent and Bernard Panneton p. 898
Phytophagous Insects Elizabeth A. Bernays p. 902
Phytotoxemia Alexander H. Purcell p. 905
Plant Diseases and Insects Alexander H. Purcell p. 907
Plant-Insect Interactions J. Mark Scriber p. 912
Plecoptera Kenneth W. Stewart p. 915
Pollination and Pollinators Gordon W. Frankie and Robbin W. Thorp p. 919
Pollution, Insect Response to David M. Rosenberg and Vincent H. Resh p. 926
Polyembryony Michael R. Strand p. 928
Population Ecology Joseph S. Elkinton p. 933
Praying Mantid - see Mantodea
Predation/Predatory Insects Ronald M. Weseloh p. 944
Prosorrhyncha Carl W. Schaefer p. 947
Protura Robert T. Allen p. 965
Psocoptera Edward L. Mockford p. 966
Pterygota p. 969
Puddling Behavior Scott R. Smedley p. 969
Pupa and Puparium Frederick W. Stehr p. 970
Queen - see Caste
Raphidioptera Ulrike Aspock and Horst Aspock p. 973
Rearing of Insects Norman C. Leppla p. 975
Recruitment Communication James F. A. Traniello p. 980
Regulatory Entomology Robert V. Dowell p. 988
Reproduction, Female Diana E. Wheeler p. 991
Reproduction, Female: Hormonal Control of Diana E. Wheeler p. 994
Reproduction, Male Marc J. Klowden p. 997
Reproduction, Male: Hormonal Control of Marc J. Klowden p. 999
Research Tools, Insects as Kipling W. Will p. 1000
Respiratory System Jon F. Harrison p. 1002
River Blindness Vincent H. Resh p. 1007
Rostrum Reginald F. Chapman p. 1008
Royal Jelly Eva Crane p. 1009
Salivary Glands Gregory P. Walker p. 1011
Scale Insect - see Sternorrhyncha
Scales and Setae Shaun L. Winterton p. 1017
Scorpions Stanley C. Williams p. 1020
Segmentation Nipam H. Patel p. 1025
Sericulture Satoshi Takeda p. 1027
Sex Determination Michael F. Antolin and Adam D. Henk p. 1029
Sexual Selection Kenneth Y. Kaneshiro p. 1032
Silk Moth - see Bombyx mori
Silk Production Catherine L. Craig p. 1038
Silverfish - see Zygentoma
Siphonaptera Michael W. Hastriter and Michael F. Whiting p. 1040
Snakefly - see Raphidioptera
Sociality James E. Zablotny p. 1044
Soil Habitats Patricia J. Vittum p. 1053
Sound Production - see Hearing
Spermatheca Marc J. Klowden p. 1058
Spermatophore Marc J. Klowden p. 1059
Spiders Rosemary G. Gillespie and Joseph C. Spagna p. 1060
Springtail - see Collembola
Stamps, Insects and Charles V. Covell, Jr. p. 1073
Sterile Insect Technique Jorge Hendrichs and Alan Robinson p. 1074
Sternorrhyncha Penny J. Gullan and Jon H. Martin p. 1079
Stonefly - see Plecoptera
Stored Products as Habitats Rudy Plarre and Wendell E. Burkholder p. 1089
Strepsiptera Michael F. Whiting p. 1094
Swimming, Lake Insects Werner Nachtigall p. 1096
Swimming, Stream Insects Bernhard Statzner p. 1098
Symbionts Aiding Digestion Andreas Brune p. 1102
Symbionts, Bacterial Michael E. N. Majerus p. 1107
Systematics - see Nomenclature and Classification
Taste - see Chemoreception
Taxonomy - see Nomenclature and Classification
Teaching Resources John H. Acorn and Felix A. H. Sperling p. 1113
Temperature, Effects on Development and Growth Frantisek Sehnal and Oldrich Nedved and Vladimir Kost'al p. 1116
Termite - see Isoptera
Terrestrial Insects - see Soil Habitats
Thermoregulation Bernd Heinrich p. 1119
Thrips - see Thysanoptera
Thysanoptera Laurence A. Mound p. 1127
Thysanura - see Archaeognatha; Zygentoma
Ticks Daniel E. Sonenshine p. 1132
Touch - see Mechanoreception
Tracheal System Jon F. Harrison p. 1142
Trichoptera John C. Morse p. 1145
Tsetse Fly Stephen G. A. Leak p. 1151
Urban Habitats Michael K. Rust p. 1157
Venom Justin O. Schmidt p. 1160
Veterinary Entomology Bradley A. Mullens p. 1163
Vibrational Communication Andrej Cokl and Meta Virant-Doberlet p. 1167
Vision - see Eyes and Vision
Vitellogenesis William H. Telfer p. 1171
Walking and Jumping Roy E. Ritzmann and Sasha N. Zill p. 1174
Walking Sticks - see Phasmida
Wasps Justin O. Schmidt p. 1179
Water and Ion Balance, Hormonal Control of Thomas M. Clark p. 1183
Weevil - see Boll Weevil
Wings Robin J. Wootton p. 1186
Wolbachia Richard Stouthamer p. 1192
Worker - see Caste
Yellow Fever Thomas P. Monath p. 1196
Yellowjacket - see Wasps
Zoonoses, Arthropod-Borne Robert S. Lane p. 1198
Zoraptera Michael S. Engel p. 1201
Zygentoma Helmut Sturm p. 1203
Glossary p. 1207
Subject Index p. 1227
Contributors p. xvii
Guide to the Encyclopedia p. xxiii
Foreword p. xxv
Preface p. xxvii
Acari - see Mites; Ticks
Accessory Glands Diana E. Wheeler p. 1
Acoustic Behavior - see Hearing
Aedes Mosquito - see Mosquitoes
Aestivation Sinzo Masaki p. 3
Africanized Bees - see Neotropical African Bees
Agricultural Entomology Marcos Kogan and Ronald Prokopy p. 4
Alderfly - see Megaloptera
Amber George Poinar Jr. p. 9
Anatomy: Head, Thorax, Abdomen, and Genitalia David H. Headrick and Gordon Gordh p. 12
Anopheles Mosquito - see Mosquitoes
Anoplura - see Phthiraptera
Antennae Catherine Loudon p. 26
Ants Nigel R. Franks p. 29
Aphids John T. Sorenson p. 32
Apis Species Eva Crane p. 37
Aposematic Coloration Mathieu Joron p. 39
Apterygota p. 45
Aquatic Habitats Richard W. Merritt and J. Bruce Wallace p. 45
Arachnida - see Scorpions; Spiders
Archaeognatha Helmut Sturm p. 57
Arthropoda and Related Groups James H. Thorp p. 59
Auchenorrhyncha Christopher H. Dietrich p. 66
Autohemorrhage p. 74
Autotomy p. 75
Bee - see Apis Species
Beekeeping Eva Crane p. 76
Bee Products Eva Crane p. 82
Beeswax Eva Crane p. 84
Beetle - see Coleoptera
Biodiversity Nigel E. Stork p. 85
Biogenic Amines Arnd Baumann and Wolfgang Blenau and Joachim Erber p. 91
Biogeographical Patterns Peter Zwick p. 94
Biological Control of Insect Pests R. G. Van Driesche and M. S. Hoddle p. 103
Bioluminescence James E. Lloyd and Erin C. Gentry p. 115
Biotechnology and Insects Bryony C. Bonning p. 120
Blattodea Donald G. Cochran p. 123
Blood - see Circulatory System
Blood Sucking M. J. Lebane p. 127
Body Size Christer Bjorkman and Mats W. Pettersson p. 130
Boll Weevil R. Nelson Foster p. 132
Bombyx mori Satoshi Takeda p. 133
Book Louse - see Psocoptera
Borers Timothy D. Paine p. 135
Brain and Optic Lobes Nicholas J. Strausfeld p. 137
Bristletail - see Archaeognatha
Bubonic Plague Irwin W. Sherman p. 147
Bumblebee - see Hymenoptera
Butterfly - see Lepidoptera
Caddisfly - see Trichoptera
Caste Sean O'Donnell p. 151
Caterpillars Frederick W. Stehr p. 154
Cat Fleas Nancy C. Hinkle and Michael K. Rust p. 156
Cave Insects Francis G. Howarth p. 158
Cell Culture Dweight E. Lynn p. 163
Chemical Defense Murray S. Blum p. 165
Chemoreception B. K. Mitchell p. 169
Chiggers and Other Disease-Causing Mites Larry G. Arlian p. 174
Chitin Ephraim Cohen p. 179
Chromosomes Graham C. Webb p. 180
Chrysalis Frederick W. Stehr p. 185
Cicadas Max S. Moulds p. 186
Circadian Rhythms Terry L. Page p. 188
Circulatory System Thomas A. Miller p. 192
Classification - see Nomenclature and Classification
Cockroach - see Blattodea
Cocoon Frederick W. Stehr p. 197
Codling Moth Stephen C. Welter p. 198
Coevolution Douglas J. Futuyma p. 199
Cold/Heat Protection David L. Denlinger p. 204
Coleoptera James K. Liebberr and Joseph V. McHugh p. 209
Collection and Preservation Charles V. Covell, Jr. p. 230
Collembola Kenneth A. Christiansen and Peter Bellinger p. 235
Colonies Sean O'Donnell p. 239
Colorado Potato Beetle George G. Kennedy p. 242
Coloration Helen Ghiradella p. 244
Commercial Products from Insects Michael E. Irwin and Gail E. Kampmeier p. 251
Conservation Tim R. New p. 260
Crickets Richard D. Alexander and Daniel Otte p. 265
Crypsis Paul M. Brakefield p. 269
Cultural Entomology James N. Hogue p. 273
Cuticle Svend O. Andersen p. 281
Daddy-Long-Legs Gonzalo Giribet p. 283
Damselfly - see Odonata
Dance Language P. Kirk Visscher p. 284
DDT Fumio Matsumura p. 288
Defensive Behavior Justin O. Schmidt p. 289
Dengue Thomas W. Scott p. 295
Dermaptera Susan M. Rankin and James O. Palmer p. 297
Development, Hormonal Control of Michael E. Adams p. 300
Diapause David L. Denlinger p. 305
Digestion Walter R. Terra p. 310
Digestive System Walter R. Terra and Clelia Ferreira p. 313
Diplura Robert T. Allen p. 323
Diptera Richard W. Merritt and Gregory W. Courtney and Joe B. Keiper p. 324
Diversity - see Biodiversity
Division of Labor in Insect Societies Gene E. Robinson p. 340
Dobsonfly - see Megaloptera
Dog Heartworm Edward G. Platzer p. 343
Dormancy Richard E. Lee, Jr. p. 344
Dragonfly - see Odonata
Drosophila melanogaster Patrick M. O'Grady p. 345
Dung Beetles James Ridsdill-Smith p. 348
Earwig - see Dermaptera
Ecdysis - see Molting
Ecdysteroids Michael E. Adams p. 352
Eggs Diana E. Wheeler p. 355
Egg Coverings Diana E. Wheeler p. 356
Embiidina Edward S. Ross p. 358
Embryogenesis Lisa Nagy and Miodrag Grbic p. 359
Endangered Insects Scott Hoffinan Black and Mace Vaughan p. 364
Endopterygota p. 369
Entomological Societies Alan I. Kaplan p. 369
Ephemeroptera John E. Brittain and Michel Sartori p. 373
Estivation - see Aestivation
Evolution - see Phylogeny
Excretion Timothy J. Bradley p. 380
Exopterygota p. 387
Exoskeleton Svend O. Andersen p. 387
Extension Entomology Nancy C. Hinkle and Beverly Sparks and Linda J. Mason and Karen M. Vail p. 390
Eyes and Vision Michael F. Land p. 393
Fat Body Ephraim Cohen p. 407
Feeding Behavior Reginald F. Chapman p. 409
Fire Ants Les Greenberg p. 414
Flea - see Siphonaptera
Flight Michael Dickinson and Robert Dudley p. 416
Fly - see Diptera
Folk Beliefs and Superstitions James N. Hogue p. 426
Food, Insects as Gene R. DeFoliart p. 431
Forensic Entomology M. Lee Goff p. 437
Forest Habitats David L. Wood and Andrew J. Storer p. 442
Fossil Record David Grimaldi p. 455
Freshwater Habitats - see Aquatic Habitats
Fruit Fly - see Drosophila melanogaster
Gallmaking and Insects Katherine N. Schick and Donald L. Dahlsten p. 464
Genetically Modified Plants David A. Andow p. 466
Genetic Engineering Peter W. Atkinson and David A. O'Brochta p. 471
Genetic Variation George K. Roderick p. 478
Grasshopper - see Orthoptera
Grassland Habitats Teja Tscharntke and Ingolf Steffan-Dewenter and Andreas Kruess and Carsten Thies p. 481
Greenhouse Gases, Global Warming, and Insects Peter Stiling p. 486
Growth, Individual Martin B. Berg and Richard W. Merritt p. 489
Grylloblattodea D. C. F. Rentz p. 492
Gypsy Moth Joseph S. Elkinton p. 493
Hearing Jayne Yack and Ron Hoy p. 498
Hemiptera - see Auchenorrhyncha; Prosorrhyncha; Sternorrhyncha
Hemolymph Michael R. Kanost p. 505
Heteroptera - see Prosorrhyncha
Hibernation Richard E. Lee, Jr. p. 508
History of Entomology Edward H. Smith and Janet R. Smith p. 509
Homeostasis, Behavioral P. Kirk Visscher p. 519
Homoptera - see Auchenorrhyncha; Sternorrhyncha
Honey Eva Crane p. 521
Honey Bee - see Apis Species
Honeydew Thomas E. Mittler and Anglea E. Douglas p. 523
Hornet - see Wasps
Host Seeking, by Parasitoids Ronald M. Weseloh p. 526
Host Seeking, for Plants Elizabeth A. Bernays p. 529
House Fly Gregory A. Dahlem p. 532
Hymenoptera Donald L. J. Quicke p. 534
Hypermetamorphosis John D. Pinto p. 546
Hyperparasitism Daniel J. Sullivan p. 549
Imaginal Discs Seth S. Blair p. 552
Immunology Nancy E. Beckage p. 555
Industrial Melanism Michael E. N. Majerus p. 560
Insecta, Overview Vincent H. Resh and Ring T. Carde p. 564
Insecticides Fumio Matsumura p. 566
Insecticide and Acaricide Resistance Gregor J. Devine and Ian Denholn p. 569
Insectivorous Plants Lewis J. Feldman p. 577
Insectivorous Vertebrates p. 580
Insect Zoos Leslie Saul-Gershenz p. 582
Integrated Pest Management Ronald Prokopy and Marcos Kogan p. 589
Integument Svend O. Andersen p. 595
Introduced Insects Daniel Simberloff p. 597
Island Biogeography and Evolution George K. Roderick and Rosemary G. Gillespie p. 602
Isoptera Vernard R. Lewis p. 604
Japanese Beetle David W. Held and Daniel A. Potter p. 609
June Beetles Daniel A. Potter and David W. Held p. 610
Juvenile Hormones Michael E. Adams p. 611
Katydid - see Orthoptera
Killer Bees - see Neotropical African Bees
Lacewing - see Neuroptera
Ladybugs Michael E. N. Majerus p. 618
Larva Frederick W. Stehr p. 622
Learning Daniel R. Papaj p. 624
Legs Peter H. Adler p. 627
Lepidoptera Jerry A. Powell p. 631
Lice - see Phthiraptera
Lice, Human Terri L. Meinking p. 664
Locusts Reginald F. Chapman p. 666
Magnetic Sense John Klotz and Rudolf Jander p. 670
Malaria William K. Reisen p. 672
Mallophaga - see Phthiraptera
Mantodea Lawrence E. Hurd p. 675
Mantophasmatodea Klaus-Dieter Klass p. 677
Marine Insects Lanna Cheng p. 679
Mating Behaviors Darry T. Guynne p. 682
Mayfly - see Ephemeroptera
Mechanoreception Andrew S. French and Paivi H. Torkkeli p. 689
Mecoptera George W. Byers p. 690
Medical Entomology John D. Edman p. 693
Medicine, Insects in Ronald A. Sherman p. 698
Megaloptera Norman H. Anderson p. 700
Metabolism S. Nelson Thompson and R. K. Suarez p. 703
Metamorphosis Frederick W. Stehr p. 707
Migration Hugh Dingle p. 708
Mimicry Mathieu Joron p. 714
Mites Barry M. OConnor p. 726
Molting Lynn M. Riddiford p. 733
Monarchs Lincoln P. Brower p. 739
Mosquitoes Bruce F. Eldridge p. 743
Moth - see Lepidoptera
Mouthparts Reginald F. Chapman p. 750
Movies, Insects in May R. Berenbaum and Richard J. Leskosky p. 756
Musca domestica - see House Fly
Muscle System Robert Josephson p. 763
Museums and Display Collections Gordon M. Nishida p. 768
Neosomy Frank J. Radovsky p. 775
Neotropical African Bees Orley R. Taylor p. 776
Nervous System - see Brain and Optic Lobes
Nest Building Robert L. Jeanne p. 778
Neuropeptides Miriam Altstein p. 782
Neuroptera Catherine A. Tauber and Maurice J. Tauber and Gilberto S. Albuquerque p. 785
Nomenclature and Classification, Principles of F. Christian Thompson p. 798
Nutrition S. Nelson Thompson and S. J. Simpson p. 807
Ocelli and Stemmata Frederick W. Stehr p. 814
Odonata K. J. Tennessen p. 814
Orientation Ring T. Carde p. 823
Orthoptera D. C. F. Rentz and You Ning Su p. 827
Ovarioles Diana E. Wheeler p. 839
Oviposition Behavior Marc J. Klowden p. 841
Parasitoids Nick Mills p. 845
Parental Care Michelle Pellissier Scott p. 848
Parthenogenesis Lawrence R. Kirkendall and Benjamin Normark p. 851
Pathogens of Insects Brian A. Federici p. 856
Phasmida Erich H. Tilgner p. 865
Pheromones Ring T. Carde and Jocelyn G. Millar p. 866
Phoresy Marilyn A. Houck p. 873
Photography of Insects Mark W. Moffett p. 875
Phthiraptera Ronald A. Hellenthal and Roger D. Price p. 879
Phylogeny of Insects Peter S. Cranston and Penny J. Gullan p. 882
Physical Control of Insect Pests Charles Vincent and Bernard Panneton p. 898
Phytophagous Insects Elizabeth A. Bernays p. 902
Phytotoxemia Alexander H. Purcell p. 905
Plant Diseases and Insects Alexander H. Purcell p. 907
Plant-Insect Interactions J. Mark Scriber p. 912
Plecoptera Kenneth W. Stewart p. 915
Pollination and Pollinators Gordon W. Frankie and Robbin W. Thorp p. 919
Pollution, Insect Response to David M. Rosenberg and Vincent H. Resh p. 926
Polyembryony Michael R. Strand p. 928
Population Ecology Joseph S. Elkinton p. 933
Praying Mantid - see Mantodea
Predation/Predatory Insects Ronald M. Weseloh p. 944
Prosorrhyncha Carl W. Schaefer p. 947
Protura Robert T. Allen p. 965
Psocoptera Edward L. Mockford p. 966
Pterygota p. 969
Puddling Behavior Scott R. Smedley p. 969
Pupa and Puparium Frederick W. Stehr p. 970
Queen - see Caste
Raphidioptera Ulrike Aspock and Horst Aspock p. 973
Rearing of Insects Norman C. Leppla p. 975
Recruitment Communication James F. A. Traniello p. 980
Regulatory Entomology Robert V. Dowell p. 988
Reproduction, Female Diana E. Wheeler p. 991
Reproduction, Female: Hormonal Control of Diana E. Wheeler p. 994
Reproduction, Male Marc J. Klowden p. 997
Reproduction, Male: Hormonal Control of Marc J. Klowden p. 999
Research Tools, Insects as Kipling W. Will p. 1000
Respiratory System Jon F. Harrison p. 1002
River Blindness Vincent H. Resh p. 1007
Rostrum Reginald F. Chapman p. 1008
Royal Jelly Eva Crane p. 1009
Salivary Glands Gregory P. Walker p. 1011
Scale Insect - see Sternorrhyncha
Scales and Setae Shaun L. Winterton p. 1017
Scorpions Stanley C. Williams p. 1020
Segmentation Nipam H. Patel p. 1025
Sericulture Satoshi Takeda p. 1027
Sex Determination Michael F. Antolin and Adam D. Henk p. 1029
Sexual Selection Kenneth Y. Kaneshiro p. 1032
Silk Moth - see Bombyx mori
Silk Production Catherine L. Craig p. 1038
Silverfish - see Zygentoma
Siphonaptera Michael W. Hastriter and Michael F. Whiting p. 1040
Snakefly - see Raphidioptera
Sociality James E. Zablotny p. 1044
Soil Habitats Patricia J. Vittum p. 1053
Sound Production - see Hearing
Spermatheca Marc J. Klowden p. 1058
Spermatophore Marc J. Klowden p. 1059
Spiders Rosemary G. Gillespie and Joseph C. Spagna p. 1060
Springtail - see Collembola
Stamps, Insects and Charles V. Covell, Jr. p. 1073
Sterile Insect Technique Jorge Hendrichs and Alan Robinson p. 1074
Sternorrhyncha Penny J. Gullan and Jon H. Martin p. 1079
Stonefly - see Plecoptera
Stored Products as Habitats Rudy Plarre and Wendell E. Burkholder p. 1089
Strepsiptera Michael F. Whiting p. 1094
Swimming, Lake Insects Werner Nachtigall p. 1096
Swimming, Stream Insects Bernhard Statzner p. 1098
Symbionts Aiding Digestion Andreas Brune p. 1102
Symbionts, Bacterial Michael E. N. Majerus p. 1107
Systematics - see Nomenclature and Classification
Taste - see Chemoreception
Taxonomy - see Nomenclature and Classification
Teaching Resources John H. Acorn and Felix A. H. Sperling p. 1113
Temperature, Effects on Development and Growth Frantisek Sehnal and Oldrich Nedved and Vladimir Kost'al p. 1116
Termite - see Isoptera
Terrestrial Insects - see Soil Habitats
Thermoregulation Bernd Heinrich p. 1119
Thrips - see Thysanoptera
Thysanoptera Laurence A. Mound p. 1127
Thysanura - see Archaeognatha; Zygentoma
Ticks Daniel E. Sonenshine p. 1132
Touch - see Mechanoreception
Tracheal System Jon F. Harrison p. 1142
Trichoptera John C. Morse p. 1145
Tsetse Fly Stephen G. A. Leak p. 1151
Urban Habitats Michael K. Rust p. 1157
Venom Justin O. Schmidt p. 1160
Veterinary Entomology Bradley A. Mullens p. 1163
Vibrational Communication Andrej Cokl and Meta Virant-Doberlet p. 1167
Vision - see Eyes and Vision
Vitellogenesis William H. Telfer p. 1171
Walking and Jumping Roy E. Ritzmann and Sasha N. Zill p. 1174
Walking Sticks - see Phasmida
Wasps Justin O. Schmidt p. 1179
Water and Ion Balance, Hormonal Control of Thomas M. Clark p. 1183
Weevil - see Boll Weevil
Wings Robin J. Wootton p. 1186
Wolbachia Richard Stouthamer p. 1192
Worker - see Caste
Yellow Fever Thomas P. Monath p. 1196
Yellowjacket - see Wasps
Zoonoses, Arthropod-Borne Robert S. Lane p. 1198
Zoraptera Michael S. Engel p. 1201
Zygentoma Helmut Sturm p. 1203
Glossary p. 1207
Subject Index p. 1227
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