简介
This volume collects outstanding contributions to the theory of games, the theory of game-theoretical rationality, and their applications. 27 articles present the new situation and the recent advances in game theory after the award of the Nobel Prize in economics and especially in game theory to John F. Nash, John C. Harsanyi, and Reinhard Selten. Two of them, Harsanyi and Selten, have contributed leading articles to this volume.
In utility and game theory, the question of which rationality governs their methods and the behavior of the agents as well has emerged as one of the most exciting new conceptual foundations of all social sciences. The main aim of this book is to find an answer to this problem. Do we have to give up our belief in the traditional form of deductive and linear rationality in the social sciences in favor of probabilistic and stochastic methods? Which kind of rationality do we, and should we, use when we attempt to practically solve societal problems and conflicts? Quite a few articles in this book address these questions.
The consequences of a new, multi-faceted rationality, which is going to shake the traditional foundation of game theory, decision theory, and utility theory, and, finally, the social sciences in their entirety, are discussed in depth in seven chapters and a preface: `Rationality and the Foundations of the Social Sciences,' `Cooperation and Rationality,' `Rationality and Economics,' `Bayesian Theory and Rationality,' `Evolution and Evolutionary Game Theory,' `Ethics and Game Theory,' and `Applications of Game Theory'.
The contributors include economists, utility and decision theorists, psychologists, sociologists, physicists, philosophers of sciences and probability theorists. They attempt to make their contributions accessible to a wide audience.
The book will interest researchers, teachers and advanced students in the above-mentioned disciplines; it can be used for a one-semester course on the graduate level.
The volume also includes a review section focusing on recent publications on Logical Empiricism and its influence. An autobiographical report on the Vienna Circle by Arne Naess follows the main part of the Yearbook.
An overview of the activities of the Institute Vienna Circle 1997/98 concludes the volume.
目录
Editorial
Introduction p. 1
Keynote Lecture: Game Theory, Experience, Rationality p. 9
Counterproductive Rationality p. 35
Rationally Coping With Lapses From Rationality p. 49
Do Rational People Make Mistakes? p. 55
Rationality and Knavery p. 67
Structural Rationality in Game Theory p. 81
Attractions to and Repulsions From Chance p. 95
Agreeing to Disagree: Harsanyi and Aumann p. 109
Rethinking Rational Cooperation p. 117
Automata and Inner States for Repeated Games p. 131
Towards Bounded Rationality within Rational Expectations - Some Comments from an Economic Point of View p. 141
Macroeconomics and Behavioral Finance A Tale of Two Disciplines p. 153
Bayesian Subjunctive Conditionals for Games and Decisions p. 161
Prediction, Bayesian Deliberation and Correlated Equilibrium p. 173
Consequentialism and Bayesian Rationality in Normal Form Games p. 187
Game Theory, Sociodynamics, and Cultural Evolution p. 197
Microscopic Foundation of Stochastic Game Dynamical Equations p. 211
Uniform Barriers and Evolutionarily Stable Sets p. 225
Equilibrium Selection via Travelling Waves p. 245
Rational vs. Adaptive Egoism in Support Networks: How Different Micro Foundations Shape Different Macro Hypotheses p. 261
Evolutionary Ethics p. 277
A Preference-Based Theory of Well-Being and a Rule-Utilitarian Theory of Morality p. 285
Variability, Uncertainty, and the Emergence of Firms and Markets p. 301
A Game Theory of Logic - A Logic of Game Theory p. 315
Learning with Hazy Beliefs p. 325
A Game-Theoretic Model of the War in Chechnya p. 337
Information and Uncertainty: Power, Profits and Morality p. 349
The Spirit of the Vienna Circle Devoted to Questions of Lebens- and Weltauffassung p. 359
"Sicher ist sicher" p. 369
Scientific Emigration p. 379
Reflections on the Austrian Knowledge Bases p. 387
Collected Works, Volume 2 and 3, edited by Leopold Schmetterer and Karl Sigmund (Thomas Mormann) p. 398
Collected Works, vol.3 (Ulrich Felgner) p. 403
Logical Dilemmas. The Life and Work of Kurt Godel. (Helmuth Veith) p. 406
Filosofia della probabilita (Maria Carla Galavotti) p. 408
Studien zum Wiener Kreis (Hans Sluga) p. 411
Conoscenza e Realta. Saggio di filosofia positiva (Michael Stoltzner) p. 415
Die innere Seite der Natur. Gustav Theodor Fechners Wissenschaftlich-philosophische Weltauffassung (Veronika Hofer) p. 420
The Completeness of Scientific Theories (Thomas Breuer) p. 424
Niels Bohr: His Heritage and Legacy; Niels Bohr and Contemporary Philosophy (Anton Zeilinger) p. 429
Philosophie and Mathematik (Hans-Christian Reichel) p. 432
El Circulo de Viena, Reconsiderado (Camilla R. Nielsen) p. 435
Piontere empiristischer Musikforschung (K. Peter Etzkorn) p. 437
Philosophie, Literatur and Musik im Orchester der Wissenschaften (K. Peter Etzkorn) p. 439
The Cambridge Companion to Wittgenstein (Gabricle Mras) p. 442
Activities of the Institute Vienna Circle: Survey 1997 p. 449
Activities of the Institute Vienna Circle: Preview 1998 p. 451
Index of Names p. 453
Introduction p. 1
Keynote Lecture: Game Theory, Experience, Rationality p. 9
Counterproductive Rationality p. 35
Rationally Coping With Lapses From Rationality p. 49
Do Rational People Make Mistakes? p. 55
Rationality and Knavery p. 67
Structural Rationality in Game Theory p. 81
Attractions to and Repulsions From Chance p. 95
Agreeing to Disagree: Harsanyi and Aumann p. 109
Rethinking Rational Cooperation p. 117
Automata and Inner States for Repeated Games p. 131
Towards Bounded Rationality within Rational Expectations - Some Comments from an Economic Point of View p. 141
Macroeconomics and Behavioral Finance A Tale of Two Disciplines p. 153
Bayesian Subjunctive Conditionals for Games and Decisions p. 161
Prediction, Bayesian Deliberation and Correlated Equilibrium p. 173
Consequentialism and Bayesian Rationality in Normal Form Games p. 187
Game Theory, Sociodynamics, and Cultural Evolution p. 197
Microscopic Foundation of Stochastic Game Dynamical Equations p. 211
Uniform Barriers and Evolutionarily Stable Sets p. 225
Equilibrium Selection via Travelling Waves p. 245
Rational vs. Adaptive Egoism in Support Networks: How Different Micro Foundations Shape Different Macro Hypotheses p. 261
Evolutionary Ethics p. 277
A Preference-Based Theory of Well-Being and a Rule-Utilitarian Theory of Morality p. 285
Variability, Uncertainty, and the Emergence of Firms and Markets p. 301
A Game Theory of Logic - A Logic of Game Theory p. 315
Learning with Hazy Beliefs p. 325
A Game-Theoretic Model of the War in Chechnya p. 337
Information and Uncertainty: Power, Profits and Morality p. 349
The Spirit of the Vienna Circle Devoted to Questions of Lebens- and Weltauffassung p. 359
"Sicher ist sicher" p. 369
Scientific Emigration p. 379
Reflections on the Austrian Knowledge Bases p. 387
Collected Works, Volume 2 and 3, edited by Leopold Schmetterer and Karl Sigmund (Thomas Mormann) p. 398
Collected Works, vol.3 (Ulrich Felgner) p. 403
Logical Dilemmas. The Life and Work of Kurt Godel. (Helmuth Veith) p. 406
Filosofia della probabilita (Maria Carla Galavotti) p. 408
Studien zum Wiener Kreis (Hans Sluga) p. 411
Conoscenza e Realta. Saggio di filosofia positiva (Michael Stoltzner) p. 415
Die innere Seite der Natur. Gustav Theodor Fechners Wissenschaftlich-philosophische Weltauffassung (Veronika Hofer) p. 420
The Completeness of Scientific Theories (Thomas Breuer) p. 424
Niels Bohr: His Heritage and Legacy; Niels Bohr and Contemporary Philosophy (Anton Zeilinger) p. 429
Philosophie and Mathematik (Hans-Christian Reichel) p. 432
El Circulo de Viena, Reconsiderado (Camilla R. Nielsen) p. 435
Piontere empiristischer Musikforschung (K. Peter Etzkorn) p. 437
Philosophie, Literatur and Musik im Orchester der Wissenschaften (K. Peter Etzkorn) p. 439
The Cambridge Companion to Wittgenstein (Gabricle Mras) p. 442
Activities of the Institute Vienna Circle: Survey 1997 p. 449
Activities of the Institute Vienna Circle: Preview 1998 p. 451
Index of Names p. 453
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