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Publisher Summary 1
The title of this volume strives to capture the dynamic scope and range of the essays it contains, applying insights into the workings of iconicity to texts as far removed from each other in time as the Medieval tale of a bishop-fish and the war-poems of 20th century Italian Futurist F.T. Marinetti, and as thematically diverse as the Pilgrim's Progress and the poetry of e.e. cummings. Applications reference both language and linguistics as well as literature and literary theory - and related fields such as sign language and translation; the former approached from the point of view of Japan Sign Language, the latter with reference to translations of the Koran and the Sesotho Bible, as well as modern German and English Bible translations. On the language side, the intricate relationships between sound symbolism and etymology, and between analogy and grammaticalization are examined in depth. On the literary side, the iconic effects of techniques such as enjambment and metrical inversion are considered, but also the ways in which an understanding of iconicity can open up meanings in complex poetry, like that of the Afrikaans poet T.T. Cloete - in this particular instance three poems inspired by figures as diverse as Dante, Paul Klee and the pop icon Marilyn Monroe. In view of the fact that form is able to mime meaning and meaning itself can be mimed by meaning, the theoretical question is asked - on the basis of a wide range of examples from literature, language, music and other sign-systems - whether meaning can also mime form. An introduction to the work of H.C.T. Muller, an early scholar in the field of iconicity, highlights a regrettably little known South African contribution to the development of iconicity theory.
目录
Signergy 1
Editorial page 2
Title page 3
LCC data 4
Table of contents 5
Preface and acknowledgements 7
List of contributors 9
Introduction: Signergy 11
1. Theoretical approaches 23
2. Visual iconicity 25
3. Iconicity and historical change 26
4. Iconicity and positionality 27
5. Iconicity and translation 28
Bibliography 29
Theoretical approaches 31
Literary practices and imaginative possibilities 33
1. Introduction 33
2. Consciousness and pre-interpretation 37
3. Iconic projections and actual traces 43
4. The diagrammatic features of literary texts 46
5. The performative dimension of literary diagrams 50
6. Conclusion 52
References 54
The bell jar, the maze and the mural 57
1. Introduction 57
2. Banville\u2019s scopic subject 62
3. A/Mazing Spaces 67
4. From scopic and labyrinthine to kaleidoscopic: Ondaatje\u2019s migrant mural 71
5. Conclusion 79
References 81
Iconicity as meaning miming meaning, and meaning miming form 83
1. Form and meaning 83
2. Spatial thinking 85
3. Peirce\u2019s concept of iconicity revisited 89
4. Visual material signs, auditory material signs, and complex cognitive signs 92
5. Visual material signs 98
6. Auditory material signs 101
7. Complex cognitive signs 103
8. Final remarks 107
References 109
A view from the margins 111
1. Background 111
2. Founding views of language and sign 115
2.1 Triadic views of the sign 115
2.2 A communication-oriented view of language 118
3. Locating iconicity 123
3.1 Dualist approaches to locating iconicity 123
3.2 Locating iconicity in creative communication 128
Conclusion 134
References 134
Visual iconicity 137
Iconic and indexical elements in Italian Futurist poetry 139
1. Introduction: Iconicity in historical context 139
2. Iconicity and indexicality in Futurism\u2019s new \u201cexpressive\u201d onomatopoeia 142
3. Italian Futurist poetry and war-reporting 146
4. Iconicity and indexicality in the Irredentist cause 150
5. Three \u201cfree-word\u201d collage-poems from the First World War 154
Apr猫s la Marne, Joffre visita le front en auto 154
Bataille 脿 9 茅tages du Mont Altissimo 158
Le soir, couch茅e dans son lit, elle relisait la lettre de son artilleur au front 161
6. Observations and conclusions 164
References 165
Taking a line for a walk 167
1. Introduction 167
2. Literary iconicity 169
3. Taking a line for a walk 171
4. Spectacular I 171
5. Transcriptions of Dante 176
5.1 Silhouette of Beatrice 176
The red photograph of Marilyn Monroe 182
6. Form and function as beauty 186
7. Conclusion 187
References 187
Iconicity and naming in E.E. Cummings\u2019s poetry 189
1. Introduction 189
2. Annotations of Cummings\u2019s i-o Dance 190
References 201
Bunyan and the physiognomy of the Wor(l)d 203
1. Poetry versus piety? 203
2. God\u2019s Word and human verbal images 205
3. Names and faces 210
References 218
From icon to index and back 221
1. Introduction 221
2. Contextualisation of the sea-bishop 224
3. \u201cFish and bishop\u201d: The sea-bishop 226
References 234
The poem as icon of the painting 235
1. Introduction 236
2. The Source of Poetry 237
3. Texere, verse and lacemaker 239
4. Phonological iconicity 240
5. Rhyming iconicity 248
6. Summary 249
References 249
Iconicity and historical change 251
Iconicity and etymology 253
1. Sound symbolism 254
2. Onomatopoeia 262
3. A few concluding remarks 264
Dictionaries 267
References 267
Iconicity typological and theological 269
1. Hamann 269
2. Alberich 273
3. Typology 274
4. Luther 276
5. Grimmiana 277
6. James Joyce 278
7. Shakespeare 279
8. Hopkins 281
9. The Letter in Finnegans Wake 284
10. Conclusion 286
References 287
An iconic, analogical approach to grammaticalization 289
1. Introduction 289
2. Form and function 291
3. A sketch for an analogy-based learning mechanism for language 293
4. Grammaticalization and analogy-based learning 298
6. Concluding remarks 305
References 306
Corpora 307
Iconicity and positionality 309
Iconic signs, motivated semantic networks, and the nature of conceptualization 311
1. Introduction 311
2. Prepositions, protoscenes and semantic networks 315
3. The different senses of over and iconic JSL signs 319
4. Summary and conclusion 324
References 327
Iconicity and subjectivisation in the English NP 329
1. Introduction 329
2. Previous literature on the topic 330
2.1 The structure of the English NP 330
2.2 Diachronic change in the English NP: Previous literature 332
3. Little: A case study 334
3.1 Analysis 336
3.1.1 Two-adjective strings 337
3.1.2 Three-adjective strings 341
3.2 Conclusion 342
4. Little vs small 344
4.1 Analysis 344
4.2 Conclusion 346
5. Little: Towards an explanation of its behaviour 346
6. Little in a cross-linguistic perspective 348
7. Concluding remarks: Iconicity and the development of little 351
Abbreviations 352
References 352
Appendix 355
Metrical inversion and enjambment in the context of syntactic and morphological structures 357
1. Structural equivalence vs structural difference and the problem of iconicity 357
2. The coincidence of metrical and syntactic inversion 361
3. Accumulation of stressed syllables 364
4. Enjambment 365
5. Enjambment in free-verse poetry 368
6. Conclusion 371
References 372
Iconicity and translation 375
Translation, iconicity, and dialogism 377
1. Iconicity, translation-interpretation 377
2. Metaphor and translation 379
3. The translated text, or the same other 380
4. Translation and metempsychosis of the text 383
5. Across verbal and nonverbal sign systems 386
6. Translatability/untranslatability 389
References 395
Iconicity and developments in translation studies 397
1. Introduction 398
2. The extension of similiarity relations in semiotranslation 399
3. The relation between the source text and the translation within recent developments of Translation Studies 402
3.1 Normative approaches to translation 402
3.2 Functionalist approaches to translation 403
3.3 Descriptive approaches to translation 404
3.4 The hermeneutical approach to translation 407
3.5 Redefining translation 409
4. Iconicity as applied in translation 410
4.1 Iconicity in the Koran: A case of reciprocal autonomy and resemblance 410
4.2 Orality in Sesotho Bible translation: A case of contiguity or cause and effect 413
4.3 Das neue Testament: Symbolic relation 418
5. Conclusion 418
References 419
(a) Bible translations 419
(b) Other references 419
Author index 423
Subject index 427
The series Iconicity in Language and Literature 431
Editorial page 2
Title page 3
LCC data 4
Table of contents 5
Preface and acknowledgements 7
List of contributors 9
Introduction: Signergy 11
1. Theoretical approaches 23
2. Visual iconicity 25
3. Iconicity and historical change 26
4. Iconicity and positionality 27
5. Iconicity and translation 28
Bibliography 29
Theoretical approaches 31
Literary practices and imaginative possibilities 33
1. Introduction 33
2. Consciousness and pre-interpretation 37
3. Iconic projections and actual traces 43
4. The diagrammatic features of literary texts 46
5. The performative dimension of literary diagrams 50
6. Conclusion 52
References 54
The bell jar, the maze and the mural 57
1. Introduction 57
2. Banville\u2019s scopic subject 62
3. A/Mazing Spaces 67
4. From scopic and labyrinthine to kaleidoscopic: Ondaatje\u2019s migrant mural 71
5. Conclusion 79
References 81
Iconicity as meaning miming meaning, and meaning miming form 83
1. Form and meaning 83
2. Spatial thinking 85
3. Peirce\u2019s concept of iconicity revisited 89
4. Visual material signs, auditory material signs, and complex cognitive signs 92
5. Visual material signs 98
6. Auditory material signs 101
7. Complex cognitive signs 103
8. Final remarks 107
References 109
A view from the margins 111
1. Background 111
2. Founding views of language and sign 115
2.1 Triadic views of the sign 115
2.2 A communication-oriented view of language 118
3. Locating iconicity 123
3.1 Dualist approaches to locating iconicity 123
3.2 Locating iconicity in creative communication 128
Conclusion 134
References 134
Visual iconicity 137
Iconic and indexical elements in Italian Futurist poetry 139
1. Introduction: Iconicity in historical context 139
2. Iconicity and indexicality in Futurism\u2019s new \u201cexpressive\u201d onomatopoeia 142
3. Italian Futurist poetry and war-reporting 146
4. Iconicity and indexicality in the Irredentist cause 150
5. Three \u201cfree-word\u201d collage-poems from the First World War 154
Apr猫s la Marne, Joffre visita le front en auto 154
Bataille 脿 9 茅tages du Mont Altissimo 158
Le soir, couch茅e dans son lit, elle relisait la lettre de son artilleur au front 161
6. Observations and conclusions 164
References 165
Taking a line for a walk 167
1. Introduction 167
2. Literary iconicity 169
3. Taking a line for a walk 171
4. Spectacular I 171
5. Transcriptions of Dante 176
5.1 Silhouette of Beatrice 176
The red photograph of Marilyn Monroe 182
6. Form and function as beauty 186
7. Conclusion 187
References 187
Iconicity and naming in E.E. Cummings\u2019s poetry 189
1. Introduction 189
2. Annotations of Cummings\u2019s i-o Dance 190
References 201
Bunyan and the physiognomy of the Wor(l)d 203
1. Poetry versus piety? 203
2. God\u2019s Word and human verbal images 205
3. Names and faces 210
References 218
From icon to index and back 221
1. Introduction 221
2. Contextualisation of the sea-bishop 224
3. \u201cFish and bishop\u201d: The sea-bishop 226
References 234
The poem as icon of the painting 235
1. Introduction 236
2. The Source of Poetry 237
3. Texere, verse and lacemaker 239
4. Phonological iconicity 240
5. Rhyming iconicity 248
6. Summary 249
References 249
Iconicity and historical change 251
Iconicity and etymology 253
1. Sound symbolism 254
2. Onomatopoeia 262
3. A few concluding remarks 264
Dictionaries 267
References 267
Iconicity typological and theological 269
1. Hamann 269
2. Alberich 273
3. Typology 274
4. Luther 276
5. Grimmiana 277
6. James Joyce 278
7. Shakespeare 279
8. Hopkins 281
9. The Letter in Finnegans Wake 284
10. Conclusion 286
References 287
An iconic, analogical approach to grammaticalization 289
1. Introduction 289
2. Form and function 291
3. A sketch for an analogy-based learning mechanism for language 293
4. Grammaticalization and analogy-based learning 298
6. Concluding remarks 305
References 306
Corpora 307
Iconicity and positionality 309
Iconic signs, motivated semantic networks, and the nature of conceptualization 311
1. Introduction 311
2. Prepositions, protoscenes and semantic networks 315
3. The different senses of over and iconic JSL signs 319
4. Summary and conclusion 324
References 327
Iconicity and subjectivisation in the English NP 329
1. Introduction 329
2. Previous literature on the topic 330
2.1 The structure of the English NP 330
2.2 Diachronic change in the English NP: Previous literature 332
3. Little: A case study 334
3.1 Analysis 336
3.1.1 Two-adjective strings 337
3.1.2 Three-adjective strings 341
3.2 Conclusion 342
4. Little vs small 344
4.1 Analysis 344
4.2 Conclusion 346
5. Little: Towards an explanation of its behaviour 346
6. Little in a cross-linguistic perspective 348
7. Concluding remarks: Iconicity and the development of little 351
Abbreviations 352
References 352
Appendix 355
Metrical inversion and enjambment in the context of syntactic and morphological structures 357
1. Structural equivalence vs structural difference and the problem of iconicity 357
2. The coincidence of metrical and syntactic inversion 361
3. Accumulation of stressed syllables 364
4. Enjambment 365
5. Enjambment in free-verse poetry 368
6. Conclusion 371
References 372
Iconicity and translation 375
Translation, iconicity, and dialogism 377
1. Iconicity, translation-interpretation 377
2. Metaphor and translation 379
3. The translated text, or the same other 380
4. Translation and metempsychosis of the text 383
5. Across verbal and nonverbal sign systems 386
6. Translatability/untranslatability 389
References 395
Iconicity and developments in translation studies 397
1. Introduction 398
2. The extension of similiarity relations in semiotranslation 399
3. The relation between the source text and the translation within recent developments of Translation Studies 402
3.1 Normative approaches to translation 402
3.2 Functionalist approaches to translation 403
3.3 Descriptive approaches to translation 404
3.4 The hermeneutical approach to translation 407
3.5 Redefining translation 409
4. Iconicity as applied in translation 410
4.1 Iconicity in the Koran: A case of reciprocal autonomy and resemblance 410
4.2 Orality in Sesotho Bible translation: A case of contiguity or cause and effect 413
4.3 Das neue Testament: Symbolic relation 418
5. Conclusion 418
References 419
(a) Bible translations 419
(b) Other references 419
Author index 423
Subject index 427
The series Iconicity in Language and Literature 431
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