简介
One of the most influential books of all time, this masterpiece of political philosophy was widely read throughout Europe, attracted an especially enthusiastic readership in England, and had a profound effect on the framers of the American Constitution. The scope of this masterful work is truly prodigious. Montesquieu explores the essentials of good government; compares and contrasts despotism, monarchy, and democracy; and discusses the factors that lead to corruption of governments. Among the many other topics considered are education of the citizenry, crime and punishment, abuse of power and of liberty, individual rights, taxation, slavery, the role of women, the influence of climate on the temper of a people and their form of government, commerce, religion, and a host of additional subjects. "The Spirit of Laws" is essential and genuinely enjoyable reading for anyone interested in the development of democracy.
目录
Montesquieu's Preface
Author's Explanatory Notes
Of Laws in General
Of Laws Directly Derived from the Nature of Government
Of the Principles of the Three Kinds of Government
That the Laws of Education Ought to Be in Relation to the Principles of Government
That the Law Given by the Legislator Ought to Be in Relation to the Principle of Government
Consequences of the Principles of Different Governments with Respect to the Simplicity of Civil and Criminal Laws, the Form of Judgments, and the Inflicting of Punishments
Consequences of the Different Principles of the Three Governments with Respect to Sumptuary Laws, Luxury, and the Condition of Women
Of the Corruption of the Principles of the Three Governments
Of Laws in the Relation They Bear to a Defensive Force
Of Laws in the Relation They Bear to Offensive Force
Of the Laws which Establish Political Liberty with Regard to the Constitution
Of the Laws that Form Political Liberty, in Relation to the Subject
Of the Relation which the Levying of Taxes and the Greatness of the Public Revenues Bear to Liberty
Of Laws in Relation to the Nature of the Climate
In What Manner the Laws of Civil Slavery Relate to the Nature of the Climate
How the Laws of Domestic Slavery Bear a Relation to the Nature of the Climate
How the Laws of Political Servitude Bear a Relation to the Nature of the Climate
Of Laws in the Relation They Bear to the Nature of the Soil
Of Laws in Relation to the Principles which Form the Spirit, the Morals, and Customs of a Nation
Of Laws in Relation to Commerce Considered in Its Nature and Distinctions
Of Laws in Relation to Commerce, Considered in the Revolutions It Has Met with in the World
Of Laws in Relation to the Use of Money
Of Laws in the Relation They Bear to the Number of Inhabitants
Of Laws in Relation to Religion Considered in Itself, and in Its Doctrines
Of Laws in Relation to the Establishment of Religion and Its External Polity
Of Laws in Relation to the Order of Things which They Determine
Of the Origin and Revolutions of the Roman Laws on Successions
Of the Origin and Revolution of the Civil Laws Among the French
Of the Manner of Composing Laws
Theory of the Feudal Laws Among the Franks in the Relation They Bear to the Establishment of the Monarchy
Theory of the Feudal Laws Among the Franks, in the Relation They Bear to the Revolutions of Their Monarchy
Index
Author's Explanatory Notes
Of Laws in General
Of Laws Directly Derived from the Nature of Government
Of the Principles of the Three Kinds of Government
That the Laws of Education Ought to Be in Relation to the Principles of Government
That the Law Given by the Legislator Ought to Be in Relation to the Principle of Government
Consequences of the Principles of Different Governments with Respect to the Simplicity of Civil and Criminal Laws, the Form of Judgments, and the Inflicting of Punishments
Consequences of the Different Principles of the Three Governments with Respect to Sumptuary Laws, Luxury, and the Condition of Women
Of the Corruption of the Principles of the Three Governments
Of Laws in the Relation They Bear to a Defensive Force
Of Laws in the Relation They Bear to Offensive Force
Of the Laws which Establish Political Liberty with Regard to the Constitution
Of the Laws that Form Political Liberty, in Relation to the Subject
Of the Relation which the Levying of Taxes and the Greatness of the Public Revenues Bear to Liberty
Of Laws in Relation to the Nature of the Climate
In What Manner the Laws of Civil Slavery Relate to the Nature of the Climate
How the Laws of Domestic Slavery Bear a Relation to the Nature of the Climate
How the Laws of Political Servitude Bear a Relation to the Nature of the Climate
Of Laws in the Relation They Bear to the Nature of the Soil
Of Laws in Relation to the Principles which Form the Spirit, the Morals, and Customs of a Nation
Of Laws in Relation to Commerce Considered in Its Nature and Distinctions
Of Laws in Relation to Commerce, Considered in the Revolutions It Has Met with in the World
Of Laws in Relation to the Use of Money
Of Laws in the Relation They Bear to the Number of Inhabitants
Of Laws in Relation to Religion Considered in Itself, and in Its Doctrines
Of Laws in Relation to the Establishment of Religion and Its External Polity
Of Laws in Relation to the Order of Things which They Determine
Of the Origin and Revolutions of the Roman Laws on Successions
Of the Origin and Revolution of the Civil Laws Among the French
Of the Manner of Composing Laws
Theory of the Feudal Laws Among the Franks in the Relation They Bear to the Establishment of the Monarchy
Theory of the Feudal Laws Among the Franks, in the Relation They Bear to the Revolutions of Their Monarchy
Index
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