Creating Web-based training : a step-by-step guide to designing effective E-learning /

Table Of Contents:
Acknowledgments xxix
Introduction xxxiii
I Creating Web Pages 1(76)

Web Pages 3(10)

Web Pages and WBT 4(6)

Technically Speaking 4(2)

Where Do Web Pages Go? 6(1)

How Does It All Work? 7(1)

Create and Test 7(1)

Upload 8(1)

Host Computer 8(1)

Naming 8(1)

Request 9(1)

Receives and Views 9(1)

Web Pages Everywhere 10(1)

Distribution 10(1)

Presentation 11(1)

Summary 11(2)

Creating a Web Page 13(28)

Authoring Software 14(5)

Netscape Composer 15(1)

Microsoft FrontPage Express 16(2)

From the Web to Your Computer 18(1)

Time to Start 19(7)

Text for Tutorials 19(1)

Using Netscape Composer 20(2)

Using FrontPage Express 22(3)

Testing Your Work 25(1)

Getting the Right Look 26(13)

Making a Table in Composer 27(2)

Adjusting the Table 29(1)

Placing the Text in the Table 29(2)

Typeset the Headings 31(1)

Changing the Type Size 31(1)

Making a Table in FrontPage Express 32(2)

Adjusting the New Table 34(1)

Placing the Text in the New Table 35(2)

Typeset the Headings 37(1)

Changing the Font Size 38(1)

More Practice 39(1)

Summary 40(1)

Adding Images 41(16)

Prepare Your Workplace 43(1)

Image Layout with Composer 44(7)

Improving the Look 47(4)

Image Layout with FrontPage Express 51(5)

Improving the Look 53(3)

Summary 56(1)

Adding Links 57(20)

Creating a Link with Composer 59(1)

Creating a Link with FrontPage Express 60(2)

The HTML 62(1)

Images and Links 63(8)

Link an Image with Composer 63(1)

Composer Image Link 63(2)

Link Back Using an Anchor 65(2)

Link an Image with FrontPage Express 67(1)

FrontPage Express Link 68(1)

Link Back 69(2)

To an Image 71(1)

URL Essentials 72(3)

Absolute Reference 72(1)

Relative Reference 73(1)

Advance 73(1)

Retreat 74(1)

Retreat and Advance 74(1)

Test All Links 74(1)

Good Practice 75(1)

Create an Email Link 75(1)

Summary 75(2)
II. Refining Web Pages 77(76)

Webtop Publishing 79(26)

The Critical Role of Text 80(1)

Fonts 80(1)

Layout 81(2)

A World of Examples 82(1)

Other Template Resources 83(1)

Typesetting 83(4)

Follow the Traditional Guidelines 83(1)

All Caps 83(1)

Bold 84(1)

Bold Italics 84(1)

Border 84(1)

Bullets 84(1)

Italics 84(1)

Numbers 84(1)

Rules 85(1)

Superscripts and Subscripts 85(1)

Type Size 85(1)

Underlines 86(1)

Headings 86(1)

Headlines 86(1)

Add an Image 86(1)

Beyond Basic Typesetting 87(1)

Text for Tutorial 87(16)

Using Composer 88(1)

Add Another Table 88(1)

Add an Image 89(1)

Bold and Italic 90(1)

Change Type Size 91(1)

Change Typeface (Font) 91(1)

Headings 92(1)

Bulleted Lists 92(1)

Centering 93(1)

Numbered Lists 93(1)

Rules (Horizontal Lines) 94(1)

Tables for Organizing 94(1)

Using FrontPage Express 95(1)

Add Another Table 96(1)

Add an Image 96(1)

Bold and Italic 97(1)

Change Type Size 98(1)

Change Typeface (Font) 98(1)

Headings 99(1)

Centering 99(1)

Bulleted Lists 99(1)

Rules (Horizontal Lines) 100(1)

Numbered Lists 100(1)

Tables for Organizing 101(2)

Summary 103(2)

Color and Images 105(26)

Color 106(5)

Text and Background 106(1)

Consistency in Color Use 107(1)

Browser-Safe 108(1)

RGB 108(1)

Hexadecimal 109(2)

Colors in Composer 111(2)

Colors in FrontPage Express 113(3)

Design Elements 116(13)

Image Preparation 116(1)

Web Image Formats 116(1)

GIF 117(1)

JPEG 117(1)

PNG 117(1)

Image Editors 118(1)

Edit an Image 119(1)

Edit Smart 119(1)

Contrast 120(1)

Brightness 121(1)

Cropping 122(1)

Resizing 123(2)

Sharpen 125(1)

Making Text Images 125(3)

Icons and Design Elements 128(1)

Summary 129(2)

Navigation and Menus 131(22)

Using Tables for Menus 132(11)

One Row, Multi-Column 132(1)

Composer 132(5)

FrontPage Express 137(5)

Variations with Tables 142(1)

Imagemaps 143(8)

Composer 145(2)

Web Hotspots 147(4)

Summary 151(2)
III. Publishing Web Page 153(16)

Web Hosting 155(14)

Intranet Host 156(2)

Webmaster 157(1)

Content Management Application 157(1)

Internet Host 158(3)

Where to Go 159(1)

Minimum Requirements 159(2)

Pricing 161(1)

Pick a Name 161(1)

Uploading Your Web Pages 161(1)

Using WS_FTP Pro 162(5)

Connecting 162(3)

Uploading 165(1)

Other Functions 166(1)

Authoring Program Uploads 167(1)

Composer 167(1)

FrontPage Express 167(1)

Summary 168(1)
IV. WBT Basics 169(94)

Defining WBT 171(14)

Text 172(2)

So What? 172(1)

The New Text 173(1)

Images 174(3)

Something More 174(1)

Page Treatment 174(1)

Graphic Information 175(1)

Enhanced Book 175(1)

Animation 176(1)

Interactivity 177(1)

Sound 178(2)

Ease of Production 178(1)

Synthetic Voice 179(1)

Video 180(1)

Embedded Programs 181(1)

Online Software 182(1)

Data 183(1)

Summary 183(2)

Interactivity and Usability 185(24)

Interactivity 186(8)

Linear 186(2)

Branching 188(1)

Deep 188(1)

Shallow 189(3)

Simulations 192(2)

Usability 194(11)

Links 195(1)

Navigational Links 195(1)

Common Links 195(1)

Convenience Links 195(1)

Gratuitous Links 196(1)

Link Tips 196(1)

Navigation 197(1)

Hierarchical Navigation 197(4)

Nonhierarchical Navigation 201(1)

Metaphors 202(1)

Other Factors 203(1)

Graphic Design 203(1)

Scrolling 203(1)

Download Time 204(1)

Movement 204(1)

Bottom of the Page 204(1)

Storage Structure 205(1)

Storage by Media 205(1)

Storage by Sections 205(1)

Storage by Sections and Media 206(1)

Not Website Structure 206(1)

Testing 206(1)

Summary 207(2)

Supplementary Protocols 209(18)

Email 210(2)

When 211(1)

What 211(1)

How 212(1)

Mailing List 212(4)

Critical Mass 213(1)

Bulletin Board 214(1)

Variations 215(1)

Archives 216(1)

Chat 216(1)

Net Phone 217(1)

Telephone 218(1)

Teleconferencing 218(2)

Whiteboard 220(1)

With the Web 221(4)

Temporary Website 222(2)

Multiple Programs 224(1)

Collaboration Software 225(1)

Summary 226(1)

Types of WBT 227(36)

Interactivity 228(1)

Text 229(15)

Questions & Answers 229(1)

Scope 230(1)

Frequency 231(1)

Sequence 231(1)

Interactive Use 232(2)

Programmed Answers 234(2)

Sidebars and Footnotes 236(1)

Sidebars 236(1)

Footnotes 237(1)

Navigation 238(1)

Normal Navigation 239(1)

Navigation Menus Used as Quick References 239(1)

Branching 240(3)

Help 243(1)

Voice 244(6)

Short Sound Bites 245(1)

Audio Introduction 245(1)

On Demand 246(1)

Authority 246(1)

Long Sound Bites 246(1)

On Demand 247(1)

Dynamic Presentation 247(1)

Entire Sound Presentations 247(1)

Sound in General 247(1)

Two or More 247(1)

Archive 248(1)

Just an Alternative? 248(1)

Help 248(1)

Sound Effects and Music 249(1)

Voices 249(1)

Video 250(1)

Embedded Programming 250(3)

Placement 251(1)

Dedicated 251(1)

Text Enhanced Calculators 252(1)

Redundancy 252(1)

Use 252(1)

Online Software 253(1)

Data 254(2)

Intranet 254(1)

Internet 254(1)

Rare Materials 255(1)

Dynamic Devices 256(5)

Dynamic HTML 257(1)

Animation 257(4)

Summary 261(2)
V. Advanced Web Techniques 263(68)

Embedded Programming 265(18)

What Can You Use? 266(1)

CGI 266(1)

Java 267(1)

JavaScript 267(1)

Where? 267(1)

What Can It Do? 268(6)

Real Estate Calculator 268(4)

Garden Planner 272(2)

Web Page Devices 274(1)

Four Sources 274(2)

ISPs 274(1)

Shareware and Freeware 275(1)

Programmers 275(1)

Authoring Software 276(1)

Disadvantages 276(1)

Case Study 277(1)

Pop-Up Window 278(3)

Summary 281(2)

Forms 283(12)

What For? 284(1)

How They Work 285(1)

The Form 286(2)

One-Line Text 286(1)

Text 286(1)

Checkbox 287(1)

Radio 287(1)

Multiple Choice Menu 287(1)

Buttons 288(1)

Composer 288(1)

FrontPage Express 288(2)

CGI Script Form Resources 290(1)

The Delivery 291(2)

Mail To 291(1)

Application 292(1)

Summary 293(2)

Readable Text 295(16)

General Guidelines 296(6)

Color and Background 296(1)

Type Size 297(1)

Text Columns 298(1)

Typefaces 298(1)

TrueDoc 299(1)

Font Embedding 300(1)

eBooks 300(2)

Brief CSS Tutorial 302(6)

Where? 307(1)

Cascading? 307(1)

Readability 308(1)

Summary 308(3)

Complementary Technologies 311(20)

Training Templates 312(2)

Coursebuilder 312(1)

Net Synergy 313(1)

Multimedia-Based Software 314(6)

Shockwave 314(1)

Flash 315(2)

RealNetworks 317(2)

QuickTime 319(1)

Microsoft Media Player 319(1)

Text-Based Software 320(7)

Acrobat 320(2)

eBooks 322(2)

Capabilities 324(1)

Development 325(1)

Services 325(1)

Size 326(1)

Legacy Databases 327(1)

Web-Database Applications 327(3)

Templates for Everything 328(1)

Where's the Content? 328(1)

Data Accumulation 329(1)

Summary 330(1)
VI. Advanced WBT Techniques 331(110)

Streaming Sound 333(30)

Production 334(13)

The Goal 334(1)

Equipment 335(1)

Lines 335(1)

Connectors and Cables 335(2)

Microphones 337(1)

Mixers 338(1)

Recorders 338(1)

Examples 339(1)

Radio Shack 339(1)

Marantz 339(1)

Your Computer 340(1)

Other Recorders 341(1)

Recording 341(1)

Adjustments 341(2)

Where? 343(1)

How? 344(1)

Voice Techniques 344(2)

The End of the Line 346(1)

Information 347(1)

Digitizing 347(7)

Equipment 347(1)

Software 348(1)

Procedures 349(1)

Analog to Digital 349(1)

Sampling and Resolution 350(1)

Digital Transfer 350(1)

Direct Digital 350(2)

Windows Volume Control 352(1)

Storage 353(1)

Editing 354(3)

DC Offset 354(1)

Equalization 355(1)

Noise Reduction 356(1)

Compression 356(1)

Normalization 356(1)

Encoding 357(1)

Embedding 358(2)

<embed> 358(2)

RPM 360(1)

Streaming Media 360(1)

Using for WBT 361(1)

Summary 361(2)

Streaming Video 363(18)

Equipment 365(6)

Cables and Connections 365(1)

Audio and Video 366(1)

Microphones 366(1)

Camcorders 367(1)

Analog 368(1)

VHS 368(1)

VHS-C 369(1)

8mm 369(1)

S-VHS-C 369(1)

Hi8 369(1)

Digital 369(1)

MiniDV 370(1)

Digital 8 370(1)

Ancillary Equipment 370(1)

Tripod 370(1)

Lights 370(1)

Sound 370(1)

Professional Equipment 371(1)

Production 371(4)

Production Techniques 371(1)

Lights 371(1)

Second Camcorder 372(1)

Microphones 372(1)

White Balance 372(1)

Viewfinder 373(1)

Contrast 373(1)

Movement 373(1)

Height 374(1)

Angle 374(1)

Silence 374(1)

Repurposing 374(1)

Digitizing 375(1)

Equipment 375(1)

Procedures 376(1)

Editing 376(2)

Storage 376(1)

Software 377(1)

Editing Video Clips 378(1)

Encoding 378(1)

Embedding 379(1)

Distributing 379(1)

Summary 380(1)

SMIL 381(14)

The WBT Project 382(1)

Production 382(10)

Storyboard 382(4)

Asset List 386(1)

SMIL Coding 387(3)

Modules 390(1)

Creation 391(1)

Test 391(1)

Attaching 392(1)

Entire Presentation? 393(1)

Summary 394(1)

Advanced Software 395(16)

Learning Management Systems 396(1)

Website Management Software 397(4)

FrontPage 2000 397(2)

Dreamweaver 399(1)

Adobe GoLive 400(1)

Specialty Streaming 401(2)

The Heavyweights 403(5)

Director 404(1)

Authorware 405(1)

Quest 406(1)

ToolBook II 407(1)

Assistant 407(1)

Instructor 408(1)

Summary 408(3)

Designing WBT 411(30)

The Creation 412(2)

Process 412(1)

Needs Assessment 412(1)

Instructional Design 412(1)

Development 413(1)

Delivery 413(1)

Evaluation 413(1)

Cycle 413(1)

Influences on WBT Design 414(7)

Technical Constraints 414(1)

Computer Access 415(1)

Computer Hardware 415(1)

The Network 415(1)

Internet 416(1)

Intranet 417(1)

Operating Systems and Software 417(2)

People Constraints 419(1)

Management 419(1)

Instructional Designers 420(1)

Developers 420(1)

Students 420(1)

Control and Sequence 421(2)

Synchronous and Asynchronous WBT 423(4)

Asynchronous 424(1)

Synchronous 424(3)

The Team 427(1)

The Teamwork 427(10)

Assessment 428(1)

Design Devices 428(1)

Storyboard 429(3)

Design Document 432(1)

Development and Delivery 433(1)

Development 434(1)

Beta Testing 434(2)

Evaluation 436(1)

Maintenance 437(2)

Summary 439(2)
VII. WBT Projects 441(38)

Using XML 443(12)

The Starting Point 444(9)

How Do I Use XML? 445(1)

How Do I Get Started 446(2)

What about Print Publishing? 448(1)

What Does the Process Look Like? 449(3)

Not Only Text 452(1)

Summary 453(2)

Book WBT Project 455(6)

The Meeting Tutorial 456(1)

Instructor? 457(2)

Traffic 459(1)

Advertising 459(1)

Summary 459(2)

WBT Projects 461(12)

Low-Level Project 462(3)

Ergonomics Project 462(1)

Objective 462(1)

Resources 463(1)

Results 464(1)

Medium-Level Project 465(4)

Supervisor Training 465(1)

Objective 466(1)

Resources 466(2)

Results 468(1)

High-Level Project 469(2)

Corporate Planning 469(1)

Objective 469(1)

Resources 470(1)

Results 471(1)

Summary 471(2)

WBT Costs 473(6)

Sample WBT Presentation 474(1)

Corporate Budget 475(1)

Small Organization Budget 475(1)

Personal Budget 476(1)

Summary 476(3)
Appendix I Top 12 479(2)
Appendix II HTML Tutorial 481(40)

Defining a Web Page 483(3)

<html></html> 484(1)

<head></head> 484(1)

<title></title> 484(1)

<body></body> 484(1)

Typical Web Page Setup 485(1)

Markups Alphabetically 486(18)

<b></b> 486(1)

<blockquote></blockquote> 487(3)

<br> 490(1)

<dl></dl> 491(2)

<dd> 493(1)

<div></div> 494(1)

<font></font> 494(1)

<hl></hl> 495(1)

<hr> 496(1)

<i></i> 497(1)

<img scr='' ``> 497(1)

<ol></ol> 498(1)

<li> 499(1)

<p></p> 499(2)

 501(1)

 501(1)

<ul></ul> 501(1)

502(2)

<!-- --> 504(1)

Tables 504(5)

<table></table> 504(4)

<tr></tr> 508(1)

<td></td> 508(1)

Forms 509(1)

<form></form> 509(1)

The Inputs 509(7)

Text Line <input type=``text''> 510(1)

Text <textarea></textarea> 510(2)

Checkbox <input type=``checkbox''> 512(1)

Radio <input type=``radio''> 513(1)

Menu <select></select> 514(1)

Button <input type=``submit''> 515(1)

Password <input type=``password''> 515(1)

Anchors and Hyperlinks 516(1)

<a name=`` ''></a> 516(1)

<a href=`` ''></a> 516(1)

Example Web Page 517(2)

Viewing the Web Page Source 519(1)

Summary 519(2)
Appendix III SMIL Tutorial 521(22)

General Markups 523(18)

Markups in Head 525(1)

<meta.../> 525(1)

<layout> </layout> 526(1)

<root-layout.../> 526(1)

<region.../> 527(2)

Streaming Media Markups 529(1)

<animation.../> 529(1)

<audio.../> 529(1)

<img.../> 529(1)

<ref.../> 530(1)

<text.../> 530(1)

<textstream.../> 530(1)

<video.../> 530(2)

Image Markups 532(1)

<img.../> 533(1)

Markups to Organize Presentations 534(1)

<par></par> 534(2)

<seq></seq> 536(1)

<switch></switch> 537(1)

Nesting 538(1)

Hyperlink Markups 538(1)

<a></a> 539(1)

<anchor/> 540(1)

Summary 541(2)
Appendix IV Resource List 543