Nutrient Requirements of Poultry 9th ed.

Nutrient Requirements of Poultry 1
Copyright 2
Preface 7
Contents 9
Overview 17
1 Components of Poultry Diets 19
ENERGY 19
Energy Terminology 19
Disposition of Dietary Energy 20
Procedures for Determining Metabolizable Energy 20
Estimation from Proximate Composition 22
Setting Dietary Levels 23
Energy Values in the Nutrient Requirement Tables 24
CARBOHYDRATES 24
PROTEINS AND AMINO ACIDS 25
Variations in Requirements 25
Specific Amino Acid Relationships 26
Methionine Plus Cystine 26
Phenylalanine Plus Tyrosine 26
Glycine Plus Serine 26
Imbalance, Antagonism, And Toxicity 26
Amino Acid Conversion to Vitamins 27
Amino Acid Availability 27
FATS 27
Sources 27
Metabolizable Energy Value 28
Blending Fats 28
Extra Caloric Effect 28
Improved Net Energy of Production 28
Fatty Acid Composition 29
Essential Fatty Acids 29
MINERAL 29
VITAMINS 31
WATER 31
XANTHOPHYLLS 33
UNIDENTIFIED GROWTH FACTORS 34
ANTIMICROBIALS 34
2 Nutrient Requirements of Chickens 35
LEGHORN-TYPE CHICKENS 35
Starting and Growing Pullets 35
Protein And Energy 35
Minerals And Vitamins 37
Prelay Period 37
Hens in Egg Production 38
Body Maintenance Needs 38
Production Needs 38
Phase Feeding 40
Egg Weight 40
Minerals And Vitamins 41
Brown-Egg-Laying Layers 41
Egg-Type Breeders 42
Molting Hens 42
MEAT-TYPE CHICKENS 42
Starting and Growing Market Broilers 42
Amino Acids 43
Methionine plus Cystine 43
Arginine 45
Lysine 45
Tryptophan 45
Threonine 45
Isoleucine, Leucine, Valine, Phenylalanine, Phenylalanine plus Tyrosine, Glycine plus Serine, Histid ... 45
Minerals 45
Calcium and Phosphorus 46
Potassium, Sodium, and Chlorine 46
Magnesium 46
Iron and Copper 46
Manganese 46
Zinc 46
Iodine 47
Selenium 47
Vitamins 47
Vitamin A 47
Vitamin D 47
Vitamin E 47
Vitamin K 47
Riboflavin 47
Pantothenic Acid 47
Niacin 47
Vitamin B12 47
Choline 47
Biotin 47
Folic Acid 47
Thiamin 47
Pyridoxine 48
Essential Fatty Acid 48
Linoleic Acid 48
Broiler Breeder Pullets and Hens 48
Protein And Amino Acids 48
Energy 49
Minerals And Vitamins 49
Calcium 49
Phosphorus 49
Sodium 49
Chlorine 49
Biotin 49
Broiler Breeder Males 49
Protein 50
Energy 50
Minerals 50
Phosphorus 50
3 Nutrient Requirements of Turkeys 51
STARTING AND GROWING TURKEYS 51
Energy 53
Protein And Amino Acids 53
Minerals 54
Vitamins 54
TURKEY BREEDERS 55
4 Nutrient Requirements of Geese 56
5 Nutrient Requirements of Ducks 58
6 Nutrient Requirements of Ring-Necked Pheasants, Japanese Quail, and Bobwhite Quail 60
RING-NECKED PHEASANTS 60
JAPANESE QUAIL 60
BOBWHITE QUAIL 61
7 Signs of Nutritional Deficiencies in Chickens and Turkeys 62
PROTEIN AND AMINO ACID DEFICIENCIES 62
VITAMIN DEFICIENCIES 66
Vitamin A 66
Vitamin D 66
Vitamin E 67
Vitamin K 68
Thiamin (Vitamin B1) 68
Riboflavin (Vitamin B2) 69
Niacin 69
Biotin 69
Pantothenic Acid 70
Pyridoxine (Vitamin B6) 70
Folic acid 71
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) 71
Choline 71
MINERAL DEFICIENCIES 72
Calcium and Phosphorus 72
Magnesium 72
Manganese 72
Potassium, Sodium, and Chlorine 72
Iodine 73
Copper 73
Iron 73
Selenium 73
Zinc 73
8 Toxicity of Certain Inorganic Elements 74
9 Composition of Feedstuffs Used in Poultry Diets 77
CEREAL GRAINS 77
PROTEIN SUPPLEMENTS 85
Cottonseed Meal 85
Rapeseed Meals 85
Soybean Meal 86
Animal Protein Sources 86
ESTIMATING THE AMINO ACID COMPOSITION OF FEEDSTUFFS 87
Amino Acid Supplements 90
CHARACTERISTICS OF DIETARY FATS 91
MACROMINERAL SUPPLEMENTS 91
MYCOTOXINS 94
10 Standard Reference Diets for Chicks 96
Appendixes 99
References 131
Authors 159
Index 161
Other Titles in the Series 173
Related Publications 173