简介
This book focuses on the linkage between human and environmental security and takes both a conceptual and a pragmatic approach to complex environmental issues (such as soil erosion, desertification, water degradation, demographic shifts, food security and agricultural prospects, urbanization trends, hazard-induced migrations) that affect human security. The book is the direct outcome of a NATO Advanced Research Workshop (ARW), sponsored by the Science for Peace and Security Programme (SPS), Salve Regina University, United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The book summarizes the collective work of both natural and social science disciplines in regard to how best address, mitigate, adapt, or achieve resilience in the face of changing environmental conditions. The book is written in an accessible style to discuss the concept of security from both subjective and objective perspectives. Specifically it uses separate approaches beginning with conceptual methods to understanding the intersections of risk, uncertainty, and environmental challenges鈥攁s well as the challenges to measuring human security and is followed by region-specific challenges for environmental and human security in North Africa, the Balkans, and the Middle East. Additionally, case studies are included which relate to human security, and which range from examinations of urban challenges, security and sustainability, lost opportunities for human security, and environmental justice and health disparities. Lastly, the book concludes with means and methods to recognize and act on security hazard impacts, offering case examples and innovative approaches from sub-Saharan Africa, Eastern Europe, and Central Asia and then finishes by offering pathways to the future鈥攊ncluding recommendations for both future research and policy action.
目录
Front matter 1-64
I / Approaches to Environmental and Human Security 1-5
Introduction
Environmental Change and Human Security: Recognizing and Acting on Hazard Impacts 9-33
Zombie Concepts and Boomerang Effects
Uncertainty, Risk, and Security Intersection through the Lens of Environmental Change 35-64
Measuring Human Security
Methodological Challenges and the Importance of Geographically Referenced Determinants 67-165
II / Environmental Challenges: Examples From North Africa, The Balkans, and The Middle East 67-80
Drylands in Crisis
Environmental Change and Human Response 81-102
Desertification in Jordan
A Security Issue 103-115
Global Environmental Change and the International Efforts Concerning Environmental Conservation 117-142
Management of Environmental Challenges and Sustainability of Bulgarian Agriculture 143-165
Regional Assessment of Landscape and Land Use Change in the Mediterranean Region
Morocco Case Study (1981鈥?003) 169-323
III / Human Challenges: Case Studies 169-202
Human Security for an Urban Century
Local Challenges, Global Perspectives 203-216
Urbanization and Environmental Security
Infrastructure Development, Environmental Indicators, and Sustainability 217-251
Approaching Environmental Security
From Stability to Sustainability 253-269
The Human Security Dilemma
Lost Opportunities, Appropriated Concepts, or Actual Change? 271-297
Securing Humans And/Or Environment In The Post-Conflict Balkans 299-323
Environmental Justice and Health Disparities in Appalachia, Ohio
Local Cases with Global Implications 327-458
IV / Acting on Hazard Impacts: Examples from Sub-Saharan Africa, Eastern Europe, and Central Asia 327-340
Poverty-Environment Linkages and their Implications for Security
With Reference to Rwanda 341-392
Human and Environmental Security in the Sahel
A Modest Strategy for Success 393-405
Environment and Security in Eastern Europe 407-432
Environmental Issues Of The Kyrgyz Republic And Central Asia 433-447
Environmental Change in the Aral Sea Region
New Approaches to Water Treatment 449-458
Environmental Change Of The Semipalatinsk Test Site By Nuclear Fallout Contamination 461-469
V / Environmental Change And Human Impact Linkages 461-469
Summary, Conclusions, and Recommendations for Policy and Research 471-478
Back matter Back matter
I / Approaches to Environmental and Human Security 1-5
Introduction
Environmental Change and Human Security: Recognizing and Acting on Hazard Impacts 9-33
Zombie Concepts and Boomerang Effects
Uncertainty, Risk, and Security Intersection through the Lens of Environmental Change 35-64
Measuring Human Security
Methodological Challenges and the Importance of Geographically Referenced Determinants 67-165
II / Environmental Challenges: Examples From North Africa, The Balkans, and The Middle East 67-80
Drylands in Crisis
Environmental Change and Human Response 81-102
Desertification in Jordan
A Security Issue 103-115
Global Environmental Change and the International Efforts Concerning Environmental Conservation 117-142
Management of Environmental Challenges and Sustainability of Bulgarian Agriculture 143-165
Regional Assessment of Landscape and Land Use Change in the Mediterranean Region
Morocco Case Study (1981鈥?003) 169-323
III / Human Challenges: Case Studies 169-202
Human Security for an Urban Century
Local Challenges, Global Perspectives 203-216
Urbanization and Environmental Security
Infrastructure Development, Environmental Indicators, and Sustainability 217-251
Approaching Environmental Security
From Stability to Sustainability 253-269
The Human Security Dilemma
Lost Opportunities, Appropriated Concepts, or Actual Change? 271-297
Securing Humans And/Or Environment In The Post-Conflict Balkans 299-323
Environmental Justice and Health Disparities in Appalachia, Ohio
Local Cases with Global Implications 327-458
IV / Acting on Hazard Impacts: Examples from Sub-Saharan Africa, Eastern Europe, and Central Asia 327-340
Poverty-Environment Linkages and their Implications for Security
With Reference to Rwanda 341-392
Human and Environmental Security in the Sahel
A Modest Strategy for Success 393-405
Environment and Security in Eastern Europe 407-432
Environmental Issues Of The Kyrgyz Republic And Central Asia 433-447
Environmental Change in the Aral Sea Region
New Approaches to Water Treatment 449-458
Environmental Change Of The Semipalatinsk Test Site By Nuclear Fallout Contamination 461-469
V / Environmental Change And Human Impact Linkages 461-469
Summary, Conclusions, and Recommendations for Policy and Research 471-478
Back matter Back matter
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