Practical international trade

Chapter 1 A Brief Introduction to International Trade
Section 1 International Trade and Its Importance
1.1 The Concept of International Trade
1.2 The Importance of International Trade
Section 2 Reasons of International Trade
2.1 Not Selfs tffficient
2.2 Advantage Theories
2.3 Innovation and Pattern of Demand
Section 3 Forms of International Trade
3.1 Dealing
3.2 Agency
3.3 Consignment
3.4 Auction
3.5 Trade Fair
3.6 Invitation to Tender & Submission of Tender
3.7 Counter-trade
3.8 Futures
Section 4 Barriers to International Trade
4.1 Natural Barrier
4.2 Tariff Barrier
4.3 Non-tariff Barrier
Words and Expressions
Notes
Tasks
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Chapter 2 The General Procedures of Import and Export Transaction -,
Section 1 Preparation Stage
1.1 Preparation for Export
1.2 Preparation for Import
Section 2 Business Negotiation
2.1 Enquiry
2.2 Offer
2.3 Counter-offer
2.4 Acceptance
2.5 Conclusion of a Contract
Section 3 Implementation of Contract
3.1 Preparing Goods for Shipment
3.2 Examination and Modification of the Letter of Credit
3.3 Chartering and Booking Shipping Space
3.4 Customs Formalities
3.5 Insuring Goods
3.6 Bank Negotiation
Section 4 Settlement of Disputes
Words and Expressions
Notes
Tasks ,
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Chapter 3 Name and Quality of Commodity
Section 1 Name of Commodity
Section 2 The Concept of Quality of Commodity
Section 3 Methods of Expressing Quality of Commodity
3.1 Sale by Description -
3.2 Sale by Actual Quality
3.3 Sale by Samples
Section 4 Stipulations of Quality Clauses
4.1 The Clause of Quality Tolerance
4.2 The Clause of Quality Latitude
Section 5 Examples of Quality Clauses
Words and Expressions
Notes
Tasks
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Chapter 4 Quantity of Commodity
Section 1 The Concept of Quantity of Commodity
Section 2 Common Systems of Measurement and
Measuring Units
2.1 Systems of Measurement
2.2 Measuring Units
Section 3 The Calculation of the Weight
3.1 By Gross Weight
3.2 By Net Weight
3.3 By Legal Weight
3.4 Net Net Weight
3.5 Conditioned Weight
3.6 Theoretical Weight
Section 4 The Stipulation of Quantity Allowance
4.1 More or Less Clause
4.2 The Stipulation of "About" and "Approximately"
Section 5 Examples of Quantity Clauses
Words and Expressions
Notes
Tasks
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Chapter 5 Packing of Commodity
Section 1 Significance of Packing
Section 2 Types of Packing
2.1 Nude Cargo, Bulk Cargo/Cargo in Bulk and Packed Cargo
2.2 Transport Packing
2.3 Sales Packing
2.4 Neutral Packing
2.5 Factors Influencing Choice of Packing
Section 3 Marking of Export Consignments
3.1 Shipping Mark
3.2 Handling Instructions and Warning Marks
3.3 Information Marks
Section 4 Packing Clauses in Contract
Words and Expressions
Notes
Tasks
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Chapter 6 Price Terms
Section 1 Function and Classification of Price Terms
1.1 The Function of Price Terms
1.2 The Analysis of Price
1.3 International Trade Practice Concerning Price Terms
1.4 The Classification of Price Terms
Section 2 Commonly Used Three Price Terms to Sea
and Waterway Transportation
2.1 FOB （Free On Board...Named Port of Shipment）
2.2 CIF （ Cost, Insurance and Freight...Named Port of Destination）
2.3 CFR （ Cost and Freight...Named Port of Destination）
Section 3 Commonly Used Three Price Terms to Any
Mode of Transportation
3.1 Interpretation of FCA, CIP and CPT
3.2 Comparison between FOB, CIF, CFR and FCA, CIP, CPT
Section 4 Other Price Terms
4.1 EXW （EX Works...Named Place）
4.2 FAS （Free Alongside Ship...Named Port of Shipment）
4.3 DAF （Delivered at Frontier...Named Place）
4.4 DES （ Delivered EX Ship Named Port of Destination）
4.5 DEQ （ Delivered EX Quay...Named Port of Destination）
4.6 DDU （Delivered Duty Unpaid ..Named Place of Destination）
4.7 DDP （Delivered Duty Paid...Named Place of Destination）
Section 5 Examples of Price Clauses
Words and Expressions
Notes
Tsks
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Chapter 7 International Payment
Section 1 Instruments of Payment
1.1 Bill of Exchange
1.2 Other Instruments of Payment
Section 2 Modes of Payment
2.1 Remittance
2.2 Collection
2.3 Letter of Credit
2.4 L/C Establishment, Examination and Amendment
2.5 The Comparison of UCP600 and UCP500
Section 3 Examples of Payment Clauses
Words and Expressions
Notes
Tasks
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Chapter 8 International Trade Financing Business
Section 1 Trade Financing Services Suited to Exporters
1.1 International Factoring
1.2 Forfeiting