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Summary:
Publisher Summary 1
Creating institutions to meet the challenge of sustainability is arguably the most important task confronting society; it is also dauntingly complex. Ecological, economic, and social elements all play a role, but despite ongoing efforts, researchers have yet to succeed in integrating the various disciplines in a way that gives adequate representation to the insights of each.Panarchy, a term devised to describe evolving hierarchical systems with multiple interrelated elements, offers an important new framework for understanding and resolving this dilemma. Panarchy is the structure in which systems, including those of nature (e.g., forests) and of humans (e.g., capitalism), as well as combined human-natural systems (e.g., institutions that govern natural resource use such as the Forest Service), are interlinked in continual adaptive cycles of growth, accumulation, restructuring, and renewal. These transformational cycles take place at scales ranging from a drop of water to the biosphere, over periods from days to geologic epochs. By understanding these cycles and their scales, researchers can identify the points at which a system is capable of accepting positive change, and can use those leverage points to foster resilience and sustainability within the system.This volume brings together leading thinkers on the subject -- including Fikret Berkes, Buz Brock, Steve Carpenter, Carl Folke, Lance Gunderson, C.S. Holling, Don Ludwig, Karl-Goran Maler, Charles Perrings, Marten Scheffer, Brian Walker, and Frances Westley -- to develop and examine the concept of panarchy and to consider how it can be applied to human, natural, and human-natural systems. Throughout, contributors seek to identify adaptive approaches to management that recognize uncertainty and encourage innovation while fostering resilience.The book is a fundamental new development in a widely acclaimed line of inquiry. It represents the first step in integrating disciplinary knowledge for the adaptive management of human-natural systems across widely divergent scales, and offers an important base of knowledge from which institutions for adaptive management can be developed. It will be an invaluable source of ideas and understanding for students, researchers, and professionals involved with ecology, conservation biology, ecological economics, environmental policy, or related fields.
目录
List of Figures p. xi
List of Tables p. xvii
List of Boxes p. xix
Preface p. xxi
Part I. Introduction
Chapter 1. In Quest of a Theory of Adaptive Change C. S. Holling and Lance H. Gunderson and Donald Ludwig p. 3
Part II. Theories of Change
Chapter 2. Resilience and Adaptive Cycles C. S. Holling and Lance H. Gunderson p. 25
Chapter 3. Sustainability and Panarchies C. S. Holling and Lance H. Gunderson and Garry D. Peterson p. 63
Chapter 4. Why Systems of People and Nature Are Not Just Social and Ecological Systems Frances Westley and Stephen R. Carpenter and William A. Brock and C. S. Holling and Lance H. Gunderson p. 103
Chapter 5. Back to the Future: Ecosystem Dynamics and Local Knowledge Fikret Berkes and Carl Folke p. 121
Chapter 6. The Dynamics of Political Discourse in Seeking Sustainability Lowell Pritchard Jr. and Steven E. Sanderson p. 147
Part III. Myths, Models, and Metaphors
Chapter 7. Collapse, Learning, and Renewal Stephen R. Carpenter and William A. Brock and Donald Ludwig p. 173
Chapter 8. Dynamic Interaction of Societies and Ecosystems--Linking Theories from Ecology, Economy, and Sociology Marten Scheffer and Frances Westley and William A. Brock and Milena Holmgren p. 195
Chapter 9. A Future of Surprises Marco A. Janssen p. 241
Chapter 10. Resilience and Sustainability: The Economic Analysis of Nonlinear Dynamic Systems William A. Brock and Karl-Goran Maler and Charles Perrings p. 261
Part IV. Linking Theory to Practice
Chapter 11. Resilient Rangelands--Adaptation in Complex Systems Brian Walker and Nick Abel p. 293
Chapter 12. Surprises and Sustainability: Cycles of Renewal in the Everglades Lance H. Gunderson and C. S. Holling and Garry D. Peterson p. 315
Chapter 13. The Devil in the Dynamics: Adaptive Management on the Front Lines Frances Westley p. 333
Chapter 14. Planning for Resilience: Scenarios, Surprises, and Branch Points Gilberto C. Gallopin p. 361
Part V. Summary and Synthesis
Chapter 15. Discoveries for Sustainable Futures C. S. Holling and Stephen R. Carpenter and William A. Brock and Lance H. Gunderson p. 395
Chapter 16. Toward an Integrative Synthesis Ralf Yorque and Brian Walker and C. S. Holling and Lance H. Gunderson and Carl Folke and Stephen R. Carpenter and William A. Brock p. 419
Appendix A. A Model for Ecosystems with Alternative Stable States p. 439
Appendix B. Optimizing Social Utility from Lake Use p. 441
Appendix C. Tax as a Way to Direct Society p. 443
Appendix D. Collective Action Problems and Their Effect on Political Power p. 445
References p. 449
List of Contributors p. 489
Index p. 493
List of Tables p. xvii
List of Boxes p. xix
Preface p. xxi
Part I. Introduction
Chapter 1. In Quest of a Theory of Adaptive Change C. S. Holling and Lance H. Gunderson and Donald Ludwig p. 3
Part II. Theories of Change
Chapter 2. Resilience and Adaptive Cycles C. S. Holling and Lance H. Gunderson p. 25
Chapter 3. Sustainability and Panarchies C. S. Holling and Lance H. Gunderson and Garry D. Peterson p. 63
Chapter 4. Why Systems of People and Nature Are Not Just Social and Ecological Systems Frances Westley and Stephen R. Carpenter and William A. Brock and C. S. Holling and Lance H. Gunderson p. 103
Chapter 5. Back to the Future: Ecosystem Dynamics and Local Knowledge Fikret Berkes and Carl Folke p. 121
Chapter 6. The Dynamics of Political Discourse in Seeking Sustainability Lowell Pritchard Jr. and Steven E. Sanderson p. 147
Part III. Myths, Models, and Metaphors
Chapter 7. Collapse, Learning, and Renewal Stephen R. Carpenter and William A. Brock and Donald Ludwig p. 173
Chapter 8. Dynamic Interaction of Societies and Ecosystems--Linking Theories from Ecology, Economy, and Sociology Marten Scheffer and Frances Westley and William A. Brock and Milena Holmgren p. 195
Chapter 9. A Future of Surprises Marco A. Janssen p. 241
Chapter 10. Resilience and Sustainability: The Economic Analysis of Nonlinear Dynamic Systems William A. Brock and Karl-Goran Maler and Charles Perrings p. 261
Part IV. Linking Theory to Practice
Chapter 11. Resilient Rangelands--Adaptation in Complex Systems Brian Walker and Nick Abel p. 293
Chapter 12. Surprises and Sustainability: Cycles of Renewal in the Everglades Lance H. Gunderson and C. S. Holling and Garry D. Peterson p. 315
Chapter 13. The Devil in the Dynamics: Adaptive Management on the Front Lines Frances Westley p. 333
Chapter 14. Planning for Resilience: Scenarios, Surprises, and Branch Points Gilberto C. Gallopin p. 361
Part V. Summary and Synthesis
Chapter 15. Discoveries for Sustainable Futures C. S. Holling and Stephen R. Carpenter and William A. Brock and Lance H. Gunderson p. 395
Chapter 16. Toward an Integrative Synthesis Ralf Yorque and Brian Walker and C. S. Holling and Lance H. Gunderson and Carl Folke and Stephen R. Carpenter and William A. Brock p. 419
Appendix A. A Model for Ecosystems with Alternative Stable States p. 439
Appendix B. Optimizing Social Utility from Lake Use p. 441
Appendix C. Tax as a Way to Direct Society p. 443
Appendix D. Collective Action Problems and Their Effect on Political Power p. 445
References p. 449
List of Contributors p. 489
Index p. 493
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