Preface p. xx
Introduction
Introduction to the Field of Organizational Behavior p. 2
The Field of Organizational Behavior p. 4
Emerging Trends in Organizational Behavior p. 7
The Five Anchors of Organizational Behavior p. 14
Knowledge Management p. 19
The Journey Begins p. 24
Chapter Summary p. 25
Key Terms p. 25
Discussion Questions p. 26
Case Study: "An Untimely Incident at Ancol Corp." p. 26
BusinessWeek Case Study: "Knowledge Management: Taming the Info Monster" p. 27
Video Case: "Southwest Airlines" p. 28
Team Exercise: "Developing Knowledge from Mistakes" p. 28
Self-Assessment Exercise: "It All Makes Sense?" p. 29
Individual Behavior
Individual Behavior and Learning in Organizations p. 30
Model of Individual Behavior and Performance p. 32
Types of Work-Related Behavior p. 35
Learning in Organizations p. 40
Behavior Modification: Learning through Reinforcement p. 41
Learning through Feedback p. 47
Social Learning Theory: Learning by Observing p. 51
Learning through Experience p. 53
Chapter Summary p. 56
Key Terms p. 56
Discussion Questions p. 57
Case Study: "Pushing Paper Can Be Fun" p. 57
BusinessWeek Case Study: "How'm I Doing? No, Really!" p. 58
Video Case: "Workplace Perks: More Companies Provide Fitness" p. 59
Team Exercise: "Task Performance Exercise" p. 60
Self-Assessment Exercise: "Assessing Your Self-Efficacy" p. 61
Foundations of Employee Motivation p. 64
Content Theories of Motivation p. 67
Process Theories of Motivation p. 74
Expectancy Theory of Motivation p. 74
Equity Theory p. 79
Goal Setting p. 82
Comparing Motivation Theories p. 87
Are Motivation Theories Culture Bound? p. 87
Chapter Summary p. 88
Key Terms p. 89
Discussion Questions p. 89
Case Study: "Steelfab Corp." p. 90
BusinessWeek Case Study: "As Workers Turn into Risk-Takers ... One Plant Really Turns on the Steam" p. 91
Video Case: "Dishonesty in America: Lie, Cheat, and Steal" p. 91
Team Exercise: "Bonus Decision Making Exercise" p. 92
Self-Assessment Exercise: "Measuring Your Growth Need Strength" p. 94
Applied Motivation Practices p. 96
Reward Systems p. 97
Job Design p. 107
Job Design and Work Efficiency p. 109
Job Design and Work Motivation p. 112
Increasing Work Motivation through Job Design p. 114
Job Design Prospects and Problems p. 118
Motivating Yourself through Self-Leadership p. 119
Chapter Summary p. 122
Key Terms p. 123
Discussion Questions p. 123
Case Study: "Vetements Ltee" p. 124
BusinessWeek Case Study: "Talent Trawl: What's the Best Bait?" p. 125
Video Case: "Increasing Number of Companies are Offering Workers Flextime" p. 125
Team Exercise: "Is Student Work Enriched?" p. 126
Self-Assessment Exercise: "Assessing Your Self-Leadership" p. 128
Stress Management p. 132
What Is Stress? p. 134
Stressors: The Causes of Stress p. 136
Individual Differences in Stress p. 142
Consequences of Distress p. 144
Managing Work-Related Stress p. 147
Chapter Summary p. 155
Key Terms p. 155
Discussion Questions p. 155
Case Study: "Jim Black: Sales Representative" p. 156
BusinessWeek Case Study: "Work and Family" p. 157
Video Case: "Take This Job...How Stress Can Be Fought on the Job" p. 157
Team Exercise: "Stressed Out or 'No Problem'?" p. 159
Self-Assessment Exercise: "Behavior Activity Profile: The Type A Scale" p. 160
Individual and Interpersonal Behavior
Perception and Personality in Organizations p. 164
The Perceptual Process p. 166
Social Identity Theory p. 169
Stereotyping in Organizational Settings p. 172
Attribution Theory p. 174
Self-Fulfilling Prophecy p. 176
Other Perceptual Errors p. 178
Improving Perceptions p. 181
Personality in Organizations p. 186
Chapter Summary p. 192
Key Terms p. 193
Discussion Questions p. 193
Case Study: "Nupath Foods Inc." p. 194
BusinessWeek Case Study: "How Al Dunlap Self-Destructed" p. 195
Video Case: "Black, White, and Angry: Racial Diversity in the Workplace" p. 195
Team Exercise: "Perceptions in a Diverse Workforce: The Royal Bank of Canada Vignettes" p. 196
Self-Assessment Exercise: "Personality Assessment: Jung's Psychological Types" p. 197
Workplace Emotions, Values, and Ethics p. 198
Emotions in the Workplace p. 200
Job Satisfaction p. 204
Organizational Commitment p. 208
Managing Emotions p. 210
Values at Work p. 215
Ethical Values and Behavior p. 217
Chapter Summary p. 223
Key Terms p. 223
Discussion Questions p. 224
Case Study: "Rough Seas on the LINK650" p. 224
BusinessWeek Case Study: "The Return of Corporate Loyalty" p. 226
Video Case: "In Depth: Buy American: Merger Between Chrysler and Mercedes Benz" p. 226
Team Exercise: "Ethical Dilemmas in Employment" p. 227
Self-Assessment Exercise: "Individualism-Collectivism Scale" p. 228
Communicating in Organizational Settings p. 230
A Model of Communication p. 233
Communication Barriers (Noise) p. 234
Communication Channels p. 237
Choosing the Best Communication Channels p. 242
Communicating in Organizational Hierarchies p. 243
Communicating through the Grapevine p. 247
Cross-Cultural and Gender Communication p. 250
Improving Interpersonal Communication p. 253
Persuasive Communication: From Understanding to Acceptance p. 255
Chapter Summary p. 257
Key Terms p. 258
Discussion Questions p. 258
Case Study: "Sea Pines" p. 259
BusinessWeek Case Study: "The New Workplace" p. 260
Video Case: "Virtual Companies and the Internet Voicemail: Wildfire" p. 261
Team Exercise: "Cross-Cultural Communication: A Not-so-Trivial Trivia Game" p. 262
Self-Assessment Exercise: "Active Listening Skills Inventory" p. 262
Team Process
Team Dynamics p. 266
Types of Teams and Other Groups in Organizations p. 268
A Model of Team Effectiveness p. 273
Organizational and Team Environment p. 274
Team Design Features p. 275
Team Development p. 278
Team Norms p. 280
Team Roles p. 283
Team Cohesiveness p. 284
The Trouble with Teams p. 288
Team Building p. 289
Chapter Summary p. 293
Key Terms p. 294
Discussion Questions p. 295
Case Study: "Treetop Forest Products Inc." p. 295
BusinessWeek Case Study: "Schwab Makes Investing a Team Sport" p. 297
Video Case: "Management Training Outdoors" p. 297
"Team-Trust Exercise" p. 298
"Wrapping Presents: A Team Exercise" p. 299
Self-Assessment Exercise: "Team Roles Preference Scale" p. 300
Employee Involvement and Quality Management p. 302
Employee Involvement p. 304
Self-Directed Work Teams (SDWTs) p. 308
Potential Benefits of Employee Involvement p. 311
Overcoming Challenges to Employee Involvement p. 314
Quality Management p. 318
Quality Management Principles p. 320
Quality Management Tools p. 324
Limitations of Quality Management p. 326
Chapter Summary p. 327
Key Terms p. 327
Discussion Questions p. 328
Case Study: "Employee Involvement Cases" p. 328
BusinessWeek Case Study: "Better Your Business: Benchmark It p. 330
Video Case: "Focus: The Power Within" p. 330
Team Exercise: "Winter Survival Exercise" p. 331
Decision Making in Organizations p. 334
A General Model of Decision Making p. 336
Identifying Problems and Opportunities p. 337
Evaluating and Choosing Solutions p. 340
Evaluating Decision Outcomes p. 343
Problems in Team Decision Making p. 346
Creativity in Decision Making p. 349
Team Structures for Creativity and Decision Making p. 354
Chapter Summary p. 359
Key Terms p. 360
Discussion Questions p. 360
Case Study: "Eastern Province Light and Power" p. 361
BusinessWeek Case Study: "Flight Simulators for Management" p. 363
Video Case: "Second City/Heavenly Ski Resort" p. 363
"Hopping Orange Exercise" p. 365
"Creativity Brainbusters Exercise" p. 365
Self-Assessment Exercise: "Decision-Making Style Inventory" p. 366
Organizational Power and Politics p. 368
The Meaning of Power p. 370
Sources of Power in Organizations p. 371
Contingencies of Power p. 378
Consequences of Power p. 380
Organization Politics p. 382
Types of Political Activity p. 384
Conditions for Organizational Politics p. 389
Controlling Political Behavior p. 391
Chapter Summary p. 392
Key Terms p. 393
Discussion Questions p. 393
Case Study: "Foreign Exchange Confrontation" p. 394
BusinessWeek Case Study: "Saying Adios to the Office" p. 395
Video Case: "Employers Growing Control Over Employee Off-the-Job Activities" p. 395
Team Exercise: "General Software Products: An In-Basket Exercise" p. 396
Self-Assessment: "Perceptions of Politics Scale (POPS)" p. 397
Organizational Conflict and Negotiation p. 400
What Is Conflict? p. 402
Consequences of Organizational Conflict p. 403
Sources of Conflict in Organizations p. 404
Interpersonal Conflict Management Styles p. 409
Structural Approaches to Conflict Management p. 412
Resolving Conflict through Negotiation p. 416
Third-Party Conflict Resolution p. 422
Chapter Summary p. 424
Key Terms p. 425
Discussion Questions p. 425
Case Study: "Maelstrom Communications" p. 426
BusinessWeek Case Study: "Lost in Space at Boeing" p. 427
Video Case: "Saturn" p. 427
Team Exercise: "Ugli Orange Role Play" p. 429
Self-Assessment Exercise: "Conflict Management Style Orientation Scale" p. 429
Organizational Leadership p. 432
Perspectives of Leadership p. 434
Competency (Trait) Perspective of Leadership p. 435
Behavioral Perspective of Leadership p. 439
Contingency Perspective of Leadership p. 442
Transformational Perspective of Leadership p. 450
Romance Perspective of Leadership p. 454
Gender Issues in Leadership p. 455
Chapter Summary p. 458
Key Terms p. 459
Discussion Questions p. 459
Case Study: "Leadership in Whose Eyes?" p. 460
BusinessWeek Case Study: "How Jack Welch Runs GE" p. 460
Video Case: "IBM" p. 461
Team Exercise: "Leadership Diagnostic Analysis" p. 462
Self-Assessment Exercise: "Leadership Dimensions Instrument" p. 463
Organizational Processes
Organizational Change and Development p. 466
External Forces for Change p. 468
Lewin's Force Field Analysis Model p. 471
Unfreezing, Changing, and Refreezing p. 473
Strategic Visions, Change Agents, and Diffusing Change p. 480
Organization Development p. 482
Emerging Trends in Organization Development p. 485
Effectiveness of Organization Development p. 488
Chapter Summary p. 490
Key Terms p. 490
Discussion Questions p. 491
Case Study: "TransAct Insurance Corporation" p. 491
BusinessWeek Case Study: "The Taming of France Telecom" p. 493
Video Case: "Harley-Davidson" p. 493
Team Exercise: "Applying Lewin's Force Field Analysis" p. 494
Organizational Culture p. 496
Elements of Organizational Culture p. 498
Deciphering Organizational Culture through Artifacts p. 500
Organizational Culture and Performance p. 505
Merging Organizational Cultures p. 508
Changing and Strengthening Organizational Culture p. 511
Chapter Summary p. 515
Key Terms p. 516
Discussion Questions p. 516
Case Study: "Hillton's Transformation" p. 516
BusinessWeek Case Study: "MetLife's Cultural Transformation" p. 518
Video Case: "Dog Days: Companies Encouraging Employes to Take Pets to Work" p. 518
Team Exercise: "Assessing Organizational Culture: A Metaphor Exercise" p. 519
Self-Assessment Exercise: "Corporate Culture Preference Scale" p. 521
Employment Relationship and Career Dynamics p. 524
The Psychological Contract p. 526
Organizational Socialization p. 531
Stages of Socialization p. 533
Managing the Socialization Process p. 537
Organizational Careers p. 539
Contingent Workforce p. 546
Chapter Summary p. 551
Key Terms p. 551
Discussion Questions p. 552
Case Study: "Quantor Corp.'s Contingent Workforce" p. 552
BusinessWeek Case Study: "The Corporate Samurai Are Getting Less Loyal" p. 554
Video Case: "The Changing Workplace: Freelance Copywriter Lorraine Duffy Merkl" p. 554
"Organizational Socialization Diagnostic Exercise" p. 555
"Truth in Advertising" p. 556
Self-Assessment Exercise: "Matching Holland's Career Types" p. 556
Organizational Structure and Design p. 558
Division of Labor and Coordination p. 560
Elements of Organizational Structure p. 563
Traditional Forms of Departmentalization p. 570
Emerging Forms of Departmentalization p. 577
Contingencies of Organizational Design p. 583
Organizational Design and Organizational Behavior p. 586
Chapter Summary p. 586
Key Terms p. 587
Discussion Questions p. 587
Case Study: "The Rise and Fall of PMC AG" p. 588
BusinessWeek Case Study: "Procter and Gamble's Hottest New Product: PandG" p. 589
Video Case: "Big Apple Bagel/St. Louis Bread Co." p. 590
Team Exercise: "Organizational Structure and Design: The Club Ed Exercise" p. 592
Self-Assessment Exercise: "Identifying Your Preferred Organizational Structure" p. 593
Additional Cases p. 595
"Arctic Mining Consultants" p. 595
"A Window on Life" p. 597
"Montville Hospital Dietary Department" p. 598
"Perfect Pizzeria" p. 602
"Theory Building and the Scientific Method" p. 604
"Vroom-Jugo Decision Tree" p. 611
Glossary p. 613
Notes p. 621
Company Index p. 683
Name Index p. 686
Subject Index p. 696