简介
Intended for the general public, the readings in this collection explore the roots of American law from pre-history to ancient Greece and Rome and the common law of England. America's legal development is traced from the drafting of the Constitution to the Rehnquist Court. Themes along the way include the "Golden Age" of the early nineteenth century, when American law took on its distinctive character, the impact of slavery and the Civil War, and the struggles of the Progressives to regulate the nation's industrialized economy between the post-Civil War era and the New Deal. A reading on the Nuremberg Trials introduces the theme of international human rights, while post-war readings trace the nation's legal confrontations over civil liberties, civil rights, the rights of women, the protection of the environment, and legal protections for those accused of crimes. Dramatic highlights include the Sacco-Vanzetti case, the internment of Japanese-Americans during the Second World War, the trial of the "Chicago Eight" during the Vietnam War, and the Watergate scandal. Leading personalities include Sirs Edward Coke and William Blackstone in England, Chief Justices John Marshall and Earl Warren, Justices Stephen J. Field, Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr., Louis D. Brandeis, and Felix Frankfurter, and Judge Learned Hand. Readings on the future of American law explore the impact of alternative dispute resolution, science and technology, globalization, and space exploration, as well as trends in the legal profession and in legal philosophy.
目录
List of Illustrations p. xiii
Foreword Rennard Strickland p. xv
Preface p. xvii
Part I The Roots of American Law
1 The Origins of Law: Cherokee Law in the Eighteenth Century p. 3
A Better Kind of Hatchet: Law, Trade and Diplomacy in the Cherokee Nation During the Early Years of European Contact John Phillip Reid p. 7
2 Ancient Law: Greece and Rome p. 14
A Short History of Western Legal Theory J. M. Kelly p. 17
3 Medieval Europe: The Common Law of England p. 32
The Birth of the English Common Law R. C. Van Caenegem p. 35
4 The Rights of Englishmen: Sir Edward Coke p. 42
The Lion and the Throne: The Life and Times of Sir Edward Coke Catherine Drinker Bowen p. 46
5 The English Legal System: Sir William Blackstone p. 58
The Sovereignty of the Law: Selections from Blackstone's Commentaries on the Laws of England Gareth Jones p. 61
Part II The Growth of American Law
6 From Thirteen Colonies to United States: The United States Constitution p. 71
Are We to Be a Nation? Richard B. Bernstein p. 74
7 Federalists versus Republicans: Chief Justice John Marshall p. 89
The Supreme Court Under Marshall and Taney Kent R. Newmyer p. 92
8 The Golden Age: Transformation of State Laws p. 102
Americanization of the Common Law: The Impact of Legal Change on Massachusetts Society 1760-1830 William E. Nelson p. 106
9 The Jacksonian Era: Decline of the Legal Profession p. 120
Law and Letters in American Culture Robert A. Ferguson p. 123
10 Slavery: The Fugitive Slave Law p. 134
The Law of the Commonwealth and Chief Justice Shaw Leonard W. Levy p. 138
11 The Civil War: President Abraham Lincoln p. 156
The Fate of Liberty: Abraham Lincoln and Civil Liberties Mark E. Neely, Jr. p. 160
12 Reconstruction and Formalism: Justice Stephen J. Field p. 170
The American Judicial Tradition G. Edward White p. 174
13 The Life of the Law: Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr. p. 183
Main Currents in American Legal Thought Bernard Schwartz p. 186
14 The Progressive Movement: Judge Learned Hand and President Theodore Roosevelt p. 197
Learned Hand: The Man and the Judge Gerald Gunther p. 201
15 Federal Regulation: Justice Louis D. Brandeis p. 210
Prophets of Regulation Thomas K. McCraw p. 214
16 War and Civil Liberties: The Case of Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti p. 237
The Sacco-Vanzetti Case Osmond K. Fraenkei p. 241
17 The 1920s and the New Deal: The Constitutional Revolution of 1937 p. 258
"The Case of the Wanatchee Chambermaid," in John A. Garraty, ed., Quarrels That Have Shaped the Constitution William E. Leuchtenburg p. 262
18 War and Civil Liberties II: The Internment of Japanese Americans p. 275
Justice at War Peter Irons p. 279
19 The Aftermath of War: War Crimes p. 296
The Nuremberg Trial Ann Tusa and John Tusa p. 300
20 The Cold War: Un-American Activities p. 320
Unequal Justice: Lawyers and Social Change in Modern America Jerold S. Auerbach p. 324
21 The Civil Rights Revolution: The Second Brown Decision p. 339
Simple Justice: The History of Brown v. Board of Education and Black America's Struggle for Equality Richard Kluger p. 343
22 The Warren Court: The Right to Counsel p. 360
Gideon's Trumpet Anthony Lewis p. 365
23 The Vietnam War: The Trial of the "Chicago Eight" p. 375
The Great Conspiracy Trial: An Essay on Law, Liberty and the Constitution Jason Epstein p. 379
24 From Protests to Scandals: U.S. v. Nixon p. 400
The Wars of Watergate: The Last Crisis of Richard Nixon Stanley I. Kutler p. 404
25 The Expansion of Civil Rights: The Equal Rights Amendment p. 413
Justice and Gender: Sex Discrimination and the Law Deborah L. Rhode p. 416
26 Consumerism and Environmentalism: Toxic Waste p. 424
A Civil Action Jonathan Harr p. 428
27 The Late Twentieth Century: The Rehnquist Court p. 439
Turning Right: The Making of the Rehnquist Supreme Court David G. Savage p. 443
Part III American Law in The Twenty-First Century
28 The Legal Profession: Transformations p. 459
"Culture Clash in the Quality of Life in the Law: Changes in the Economics, Diversification and Organization of Lawyering," from Case Western Reserve Law Review Carrie Menkel-Meadow p. 461
29 Access to Law: Alternative Dispute Resolution p. 471
Settling Disputes: Conflict Resolution in Business, Families, and the Legal System Linda R. Singer p. 473
30 Science and Technology: Grinding Gears p. 485
Science at the Bar Sheila Jasanoff p. 487
31 The World Community: Globalization p. 497
"The Globalization of Law," from Indiana Journal of Global Legal Studies Martin Shapiro p. 500
32 The Last Frontier: The Law of Outer Space p. 512
"Human Activities in Outer Space: A Framework for Decision-Making," in Tanja L. Zwaan, ed., Space Law: Views of the Future Siegfried Wiessner p. 514
33 Legal Philosophy: Postmodernism p. 522
Postmodern Legal Movements: Law and Jurisprudence at Century's End Gary Minda p. 525
Bibliography p. 535
Index of Cases p. 541
Index p. 544
Foreword Rennard Strickland p. xv
Preface p. xvii
Part I The Roots of American Law
1 The Origins of Law: Cherokee Law in the Eighteenth Century p. 3
A Better Kind of Hatchet: Law, Trade and Diplomacy in the Cherokee Nation During the Early Years of European Contact John Phillip Reid p. 7
2 Ancient Law: Greece and Rome p. 14
A Short History of Western Legal Theory J. M. Kelly p. 17
3 Medieval Europe: The Common Law of England p. 32
The Birth of the English Common Law R. C. Van Caenegem p. 35
4 The Rights of Englishmen: Sir Edward Coke p. 42
The Lion and the Throne: The Life and Times of Sir Edward Coke Catherine Drinker Bowen p. 46
5 The English Legal System: Sir William Blackstone p. 58
The Sovereignty of the Law: Selections from Blackstone's Commentaries on the Laws of England Gareth Jones p. 61
Part II The Growth of American Law
6 From Thirteen Colonies to United States: The United States Constitution p. 71
Are We to Be a Nation? Richard B. Bernstein p. 74
7 Federalists versus Republicans: Chief Justice John Marshall p. 89
The Supreme Court Under Marshall and Taney Kent R. Newmyer p. 92
8 The Golden Age: Transformation of State Laws p. 102
Americanization of the Common Law: The Impact of Legal Change on Massachusetts Society 1760-1830 William E. Nelson p. 106
9 The Jacksonian Era: Decline of the Legal Profession p. 120
Law and Letters in American Culture Robert A. Ferguson p. 123
10 Slavery: The Fugitive Slave Law p. 134
The Law of the Commonwealth and Chief Justice Shaw Leonard W. Levy p. 138
11 The Civil War: President Abraham Lincoln p. 156
The Fate of Liberty: Abraham Lincoln and Civil Liberties Mark E. Neely, Jr. p. 160
12 Reconstruction and Formalism: Justice Stephen J. Field p. 170
The American Judicial Tradition G. Edward White p. 174
13 The Life of the Law: Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr. p. 183
Main Currents in American Legal Thought Bernard Schwartz p. 186
14 The Progressive Movement: Judge Learned Hand and President Theodore Roosevelt p. 197
Learned Hand: The Man and the Judge Gerald Gunther p. 201
15 Federal Regulation: Justice Louis D. Brandeis p. 210
Prophets of Regulation Thomas K. McCraw p. 214
16 War and Civil Liberties: The Case of Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti p. 237
The Sacco-Vanzetti Case Osmond K. Fraenkei p. 241
17 The 1920s and the New Deal: The Constitutional Revolution of 1937 p. 258
"The Case of the Wanatchee Chambermaid," in John A. Garraty, ed., Quarrels That Have Shaped the Constitution William E. Leuchtenburg p. 262
18 War and Civil Liberties II: The Internment of Japanese Americans p. 275
Justice at War Peter Irons p. 279
19 The Aftermath of War: War Crimes p. 296
The Nuremberg Trial Ann Tusa and John Tusa p. 300
20 The Cold War: Un-American Activities p. 320
Unequal Justice: Lawyers and Social Change in Modern America Jerold S. Auerbach p. 324
21 The Civil Rights Revolution: The Second Brown Decision p. 339
Simple Justice: The History of Brown v. Board of Education and Black America's Struggle for Equality Richard Kluger p. 343
22 The Warren Court: The Right to Counsel p. 360
Gideon's Trumpet Anthony Lewis p. 365
23 The Vietnam War: The Trial of the "Chicago Eight" p. 375
The Great Conspiracy Trial: An Essay on Law, Liberty and the Constitution Jason Epstein p. 379
24 From Protests to Scandals: U.S. v. Nixon p. 400
The Wars of Watergate: The Last Crisis of Richard Nixon Stanley I. Kutler p. 404
25 The Expansion of Civil Rights: The Equal Rights Amendment p. 413
Justice and Gender: Sex Discrimination and the Law Deborah L. Rhode p. 416
26 Consumerism and Environmentalism: Toxic Waste p. 424
A Civil Action Jonathan Harr p. 428
27 The Late Twentieth Century: The Rehnquist Court p. 439
Turning Right: The Making of the Rehnquist Supreme Court David G. Savage p. 443
Part III American Law in The Twenty-First Century
28 The Legal Profession: Transformations p. 459
"Culture Clash in the Quality of Life in the Law: Changes in the Economics, Diversification and Organization of Lawyering," from Case Western Reserve Law Review Carrie Menkel-Meadow p. 461
29 Access to Law: Alternative Dispute Resolution p. 471
Settling Disputes: Conflict Resolution in Business, Families, and the Legal System Linda R. Singer p. 473
30 Science and Technology: Grinding Gears p. 485
Science at the Bar Sheila Jasanoff p. 487
31 The World Community: Globalization p. 497
"The Globalization of Law," from Indiana Journal of Global Legal Studies Martin Shapiro p. 500
32 The Last Frontier: The Law of Outer Space p. 512
"Human Activities in Outer Space: A Framework for Decision-Making," in Tanja L. Zwaan, ed., Space Law: Views of the Future Siegfried Wiessner p. 514
33 Legal Philosophy: Postmodernism p. 522
Postmodern Legal Movements: Law and Jurisprudence at Century's End Gary Minda p. 525
Bibliography p. 535
Index of Cases p. 541
Index p. 544
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