包装科学与技术基础

UNIT 1  Perspective on Packaging Engineering1Section A  Development of the Packaging1A.1  Packaging Conception1A.2  Primitive Packaging1A.3  Modern Packaging2A.4  Modern Packaging Industry3A.5  Development of Packaging in Modern China5Section B  Packaging Function and Classification5B.1  Definitions of Different Packaging Levels5B.2  Contain Function6B.3  Protect/Preserve Function7B.4  Transport Function8B.5  Inform/Sell Function8B.6  New Function9Section C  Packaging Organizations and Associations10C.1  World Packaging Organization10C.2  China Packaging Federation11C.3  Other Packaging Associations12Section D  Packaging Engineering Education12D.1  Strong Need for Packaging Engineers12D.2  Responsibilities for the Packaging Engineer13D.3  Foreign Packaging Education14UNIT 2  Packaging Materials and Containers16Section APaper and Paperboard16A.1  Introduction16A.2  Machine Direction and Cross Direction17A.3  Paper Characteristics18A.4  Paper Types20A.5  Paperboard Cartons22Section B  Corrugated Fiberboard Boxes24B.1  Introduction24B.2  Corrugated Board25B.3  Properties and Tests30B.4  Corrugated Boxes31Section C  Metal Materials and Containers35C.1  Metal Material35C.2  Metal Can38Section D  Plastics in Packaging42Section E  Other Materials in Packaging44E.1  Wood in Packaging44E.2  Glass in Packaging45UNIT 3  Packaging Technology48Section A  Modified Atmosphere Packaging48A.1  Vacuum Packaging48A.2  Modified Atmosphere Packaging49Section B  Shrink and Stretch Packaging51B.1  Shrink Packaging51B.2  Stretch Packaging52B.3  Plastics used for Shrink/Stretch Wrapping53B.4  Comparison of Shrink Wrapping and Stretch Wrapping54Section C  Intelligent Packaging55C.1  The Concept of Intelligent Packaging55C.2  Factors that will Aid the Growth of Intelligent Packaging56C.3  Quality Assurance Using Intelligent Labels56C.4  SelfHeating and SelfChilling Packaging56C.5  Thermochromic Labeling56C.6  Intelligent TamperProof Packaging57C.7  Possible Concerns over Intelligent Packaging57C.8  The Areas those will Benefit from Intelligent Packaging First57C.9  Prospects of Intelligent Packaging58Section D  AntiCounterfeiting Packaging59D.1  Types of AntiCounterfeiting Technology59D.2  Packaging Marking AntiCounterfeiting59D.3  Security Printing Technology61D.4  Special Process and Special Material AntiCounterfeiting63D.5  Special Packing Structure AntiCounterfeiting63D.6  Radio Frequency Identification AntiCounterfeiting63Section E  Design in Thermoformed Packaging64E.1  Design Considerations64E.2  Design Options65E.3  Material Selection67E.4  Getting StartedSelecting a Mold Design67E.5  Tooling68Section F  MedicalDevice Packaging68F.1  Tray Chic68F.2  Throwaway Line69F.3  Source Reduction69F.4  Sterilization is Often a Material Issue70UNIT 4  Packaging Equipment72Section A  Packaging Machinery in Common Use72A.1  Automatic Adhesive Sealer and Automatic Tape Sealer72A.2  Stitcher and Stapler72A.3  Overwrapping Machine73A.4  Labeling Machine73A.5  Strapper and Palletizer74Section B  The Packaging Line75B.1  The Packaging Line75B.2  Line Organization76B.3  Packaging Materials77B.4  Machine Capabilities77B.5  Line Balancing78B.6  Material and Container Characteristics78B.7  Personnel79Section C  Methods and Equipment for Making Polymer Containers and Packagings79C.1  Method of Casting (injection) Molding of Thermoplasts80C.2  Method of ExtrusionBlow Molding of Polymer Containers and Packagings81C.3  InjectionBlow Molding Method83C.4  Method of Pneumatic and Vacuum Molding of Polymer Articles84C.5  Thermo mechanical Molding Method85Section D  Origamibased Robotic Paperandboard Packaging for Food Industry87D.1  Multicell Operation and Reconfiguration89D.2  Motion Analysis90D.3  Robotic Tooling for Reconfigurable Packaging91D.4  Cooperative Packaging92Section E  Automatic Folding of Cartons Using a Reconfigurable Robotic System94E.1  Carton Equivalent Mechanisms and Folding94E.2  Simulation of Automatically Folding Carton Trays with Gusset Corners97E.3  Reconfigurability Demonstrated in Simulation and Experiments101UNIT 5Package Printing105Section A  Printing Methods105A.1  Introduction105A.2  Printing Methods105A.3  Relief Printing107A.4  Lithography111A.5  Gravure printing112A.6  Comparing Flexography，Lithography and Gravure114Section B  Package Decoration Techniques114B.1  Stencil or Screen Printing115B.2  Reflective Metallics115B.3  HeatTransfer and HotStamp Printing116B.4  Pad Printing116B.5  Embossing117B.6  Other Decorating and Marking Methods117B.7  Printing Inks118B.8  Digital Printing119Section C  Printing Equipment120C.1  Introduction to Modern Lithographic Offset Press120C.2  The Gravure Press123C.3  Wideweb Flexographic Printing Presses126Section D  Development Trends of Package Printing130D.1  Graphics Grow Up130D.2  Flexible Packaging131D.3  Coding and Marking131D.4  The Outer Packaging Printing132UNIT 6  Distribution Packaging134Section A  Introduction134A.1  History and Development of Distribution Packaging in China134A.2  Function and Requirements of Distribution Packaging135A.3  Research Contents of Distribution Packaging135Section B  The Distribution Packaging Design Process136B.1  Taking a Total System Approach to Package Design136B.2  The 10Step Process of Distribution Packaging Design139B.3  A Final Check and Checklist141Section C  Shock，Vibration and Cushion Packaging Design142C.1  Shock143C.2  Vibration146C.3  Method of Cushion Package Design148Section D  Marking of Distribution Packaging160UNIT 7  Packaging Standards and Regulations163Section A  Packaging Organizations163A.1  International Organization for Standardization（ISO）163A.2  Food and Drug Administration（FDA）163A.3  ASTM International164A.4  International Safe Transit Association（ISTA）164A.5  American National Standards Institute（ANSI）165Section B  Packaging Standards and Regulations165B.1  ISO Series165B.2  ISTA Series166B.3  Other Series167Section C  Use of Life Cycle Assessment（LCA）in the Field of Packaging Waste Management168C.1  Introduction168C.2  Life Cycle Inventory168C.3  Life Cycle Impact Assessment169C.4  Application of LCA to sustainable Products and Packaging170C.5  Application of LCA to Sustainable Integrated Solid Waste Management170C.6  Use of LCA for Public Policy Making171C.7  Use of LCA to Establish Hierarchy for Packaging Waste Management172C.8  Conclusions173UNIT 8  Computer Aided Packaging Design and Packaging Development Process174Section A  Computer Aided Packaging Design174A.1  Perspective to Computer Aided Packaging Design174A.2  ArtiosCAD Module Descriptions178A.3  ArtiosCADConventions185A.4  Esko ArtiosCAD’s Practices190Section B  The Whole Packaging Development Process198Appendix 1  GB Packaging Standards and Regulations205Appendix 2  Glossary of Packaging Terms 207Appendix 3  Packaging Organizations and Associations214Appendix 4  Foreign University Providing Packaging Education216References217