简介
The impact of the environment on human health is of growing concern to the public, politicians and public health practitioners. Epidemiology offers a way of investigating and measuring potential hazards, from local sources of pollution to global climate changes. It allows real effects to be distinguished from chance associations. This book describes the methods available for public health practitioners to enable investigations to be carried out and how findings should be interpreted to ensure that the most appropriate policies are adopted. The book examines: air pollution; clusters of cases of ill-health; radiation and hazardous waste; water and health; and, climate change. Contributors include: Mike Ahern, Ben Armstrong, Araceli Busby, Pat Doyle, Shakoor Hajat, Sari Kovats and Paul Wilkinson.
目录
Section 1: Clusters 5
1 Investigation of a putative disease cluster 7
Paul Wilkinson and Ben Armstrong
2 Geographical analysis of an industrial hazard 16
Paul Wilkinson
3 Analysis and interpretation of a single-site cluster 27
Paul Wilkinson and Ben Armstrong
Section 2: Air pollution 41
4 Air pollution: time-series studies 43
Shakoor Hajat
5 Air pollution: geographical studies 57
Paul Wilkinson
Section 3: Radiation and hazardous waste 67
6 Ionizing radiation 69
Pat Doyle and Paul Wilkinson
7 Non-ionizing radiation 81
Ben Armstrong
8 Hazardous waste and congenital anomalies 93
Araceli Busby
Section 4: Water and health 107
9 Water and health: a world water crisis? 109
Mike Ahern
10 Water and health: wastewater use in agriculture 125
Mike Ahem
Section 5: Climate change 135
11 Climate change: principles 137
Paul Wilkinson
12 Climate change: extreme weather events 146
ShakoorHajat
13 Climate change: vector-borne diseases 160
Sari Kovats
Section 6: Epidemiological evidence 173
14 Reviewing epidemiological evidence 175
Paul Wilkinson
15 Emerging trends 184
Paul Wilkinson
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