Preface p. IX
Chemical Bonding in Solids p. 1
Attractive and Repulsive Forces p. 1
Ionic Bonding p. 2
Covalent Bonding p. 3
Metallic Bonding p. 5
Hydrogen Bonding p. 6
van der Waals Bonding p. 6
Discussion and Problems p. 7
Crystal Structures p. 9
General Description of Crystal Structures p. 9
Some Important Crystal Structures p. 11
Cubic Structures p. 11
Close-Packed Structures p. 13
Covalent Structures p. 14
Crystal Structure Determination p. 15
X-Ray Diffraction p. 15
Bragg Theory p. 15
Lattice Planes and Miller Indices p. 16
General Diffraction Theory p. 17
The Reciprocal Lattice p. 19
The Meaning of the Reciprocal Lattice p. 20
X-Ray Diffraction from Periodic Structures p. 22
The Ewald Construction p. 22
Relation Between Bragg and Laue Theory p. 23
Other Methods p. 24
Inelastic Scattering p. 24
Discussion and Problems p. 24
Mechanical Properties p. 29
Elastic Deformation p. 31
Macroscopic Picture p. 31
Elastic Constants p. 31
Poisson's Ratio p. 31
Relation Between Elastic Constants p. 33
Microscopic Picture p. 33
Plastic Deformation p. 35
Estimate of the Yield Stress p. 35
Point Defects and Dislocations p. 37
The Role of Defects in Plastic Deformation p. 38
Fracture p. 39
Discussion and Problems p. 40
Thermal Properties of the Lattice p. 43
Lattice Vibrations p. 43
A Simple Harmonic Oscillator p. 43
An Infinite Chain of Atoms p. 44
One Atom Per Unit Cell p. 44
The First Brillouin Zone p. 46
Two Atoms Per Unit Cell p. 47
A Finite Chain of Atoms p. 48
Quantized Vibrations, Phonons p. 50
Three-Dimensional Solids p. 51
Generalization to Three Dimensions p. 51
Estimation of the Vibrational Frequencies from the Elastic Constants p. 53
Heat Capacity of the Lattice p. 54
Classical Theory and Experimental Results p. 54
Einstein Model p. 55
Debye Model p. 58
Thermal Conductivity p. 62
Thermal Expansion p. 64
Allotropic Phase Transitions and Melting p. 66
Discussion and Problems p. 68
Electronic Properties of Metals: Classical Approach p. 71
Basic Assumptions of the Drude Model p. 71
Results from the Drude Model p. 73
DC Electrical Conductivity p. 73
Hall Effect p. 75
Optical Reflectivity of Metals p. 76
The Wiedemann-Franz Law p. 79
Shortcomings of the Drude Model p. 80
Discussion and Problems p. 81
Electronic Properties of Metals: Quantum Mechanical Approach p. 83
The Idea of Energy Bands p. 84
Free Electron Model p. 86
The Quantum Mechanical Eigenstates p. 86
Electronic Heat Capacity p. 90
The Wiedemann-Franz Law p. 92
Screening p. 92
The General Form of the Electronic States p. 93
Nearly Free Electron Model p. 96
Energy Bands in Real Solids p. 100
Transport Properties p. 104
Brief Review of Some Key Ideas p. 108
Discussion and Problems p. 109
Semiconductors p. 113
Intrinsic Semiconductors p. 114
Temperature Dependence of the Carrier Density p. 116
Doped Semiconductors p. 121
n and p Doping p. 121
Carrier Density p. 123
Conductivity of Semiconductors p. 125
Semiconductor Devices p. 126
The pn Junction p. 126
Transistors p. 130
Optoelectronic Devices p. 132
Discussion and Problems p. 133
Magnetism p. 137
Macroscopic Description p. 137
Magnetic Effects in Atoms p. 139
Weak Magnetism in Solids p. 143
Diamagnetism p. 144
Diamagnetism of the Ions p. 144
Diamagnetism of Free Electrons p. 144
Paramagnetism p. 144
Curie Paramagnetism p. 144
Pauli Paramagnetism p. 146
Magnetic Ordering p. 148
Magnetic Ordering and the Exchange Interaction p. 149
Temperature Dependence of the Ordering p. 152
Ferromagnetic Domains p. 154
Hysteresis p. 154
Discussion and Problems p. 156
Dielectrics p. 161
Macroscopic Description p. 161
Microscopic Polarization p. 163
The Local Field p. 165
Frequency Dependence of the Dielectric Constant p. 166
Other Effects p. 171
Impurities in Dielectrics p. 171
Ferroelectricity p. 171
Piezoelectricity p. 173
Dielectric Breakdown p. 174
Discussion and Problems p. 174
Superconductivity p. 177
Basic Experimental Facts p. 178
Zero Resistivity p. 178
The Meissner Effect p. 181
The Isotope Effect p. 183
Some Theoretical Aspects p. 184
Phenomenological Theory p. 184
Microscopic BCS Theory p. 186
Experimental Detection of the Gap p. 192
Coherence of the Superconducting State p. 194
Type I and Type II Superconductors p. 196
High-Temperature Superconductivity p. 198
Concluding Remarks p. 199
Discussion and Problems p. 200
Finite Solids and Nanostructures p. 203
Quantum Confinement p. 204
Surfaces and Interfaces p. 206
Magnetism on the Nanoscale p. 208
Discussion and Problems p. 209
Appendix p. 211
References p. 215
Further Reading p. 217
Physical Constants and Energy Equivalents p. 219
Index p. 221