Foreword p. xiii
Preface p. xv
The Significance of the Botanico-Medical Movements p. xv
Historiographical Review--The Berman Legacy p. xvii
A Note on Methodology p. xx
Acknowledgments p. xxiii
Background of the Botanico-Medical Movement
The Therapeutic Factor p. 3
The Colonial Roots of Botanicism p. 3
The Heroic Approach--"A Strange Mishmash Indeed" p. 5
Early Thomsonians and Eclectics p. 10
The Decline of Heroic Therapy p. 12
The People's Medicine p. 21
Jeffersonian and Jacksonian Influences p. 21
The "Spirit of Radicalism" p. 24
Standards of Medical Education p. 27
The Public Views the Medical Profession p. 31
The Medical Profession Views Itself p. 34
Summary p. 36
Growth and Utilization of the Plant Materia Medica p. 37
Toward a Plant Materia Medica of the United States p. 37
Botanic Practitioners and the Plant Materia Medica p. 45
Procter's Critique of Kost and King p. 53
William H. Cook's Dispensatory p. 57
Rafinesque: Unique and Controversial Medical Botanist p. 59
Vox Populi! p. 64
The Botanico-Medical Revolt, Decline, and Revival
The Thomsonians p. 69
A Roster of Botanic Groups p. 69
Samuel Thomson and His Followers p. 73
Patents, Agencies, and Sale of Rights p. 76
The Decline of Thomsonianism p. 78
Attitude Toward Regular Pharmacy p. 82
Manufacture, Sale, and Distribution of Remedies p. 84
Thomson's "Six Numbers" and Other Remedies p. 88
Conclusion p. 91
The Neo-Thomsonians p. 95
The New Therapeutics p. 96
Organizational Phases of Neo-Thomsonianism p. 101
The Physio-Medical Medical Schools p. 106
Pharmaceutical Resources of Neo-Thomsonianism p. 109
The Eclectics p. 115
Wooster Beach (1794-1868) p. 115
American Eclecticism: A Brief Historical Appraisal p. 117
The Eclectic Impact on American Pharmacy, 1830-1869 p. 124
The "Antiphlogistic" Period, 1830-1850 p. 125
The "Concentrated Preparations," 1847 to the Civil War p. 126
E. S. Wayne versus B. Keith and Company p. 130
Parrish's Critique of the Concentrates p. 134
Procter's Critique of King and the Eclectics Revisited p. 136
The Shakers and Eclectic Pharmacy p. 137
Conclusion of the Early Period p. 138
A New Era Dawns--Specific Medication, 1869-1936 p. 138
John Uri Lloyd (1849-1936) p. 141
Interprofessional Relations Between American Eclecticism and American Pharmacy p. 144
An Evaluation p. 146
Where Have All the Botanics Gone? p. 149
The End, 1910 and After p. 149
Causes for Decline--Science and Culture p. 153
The Botanic Legacy p. 157
The Current Botanicism p. 159
Conclusion p. 162
Appendixes
Materia Medica of Dr. Samuel Thomson's Guide and Narrative, Being a Correct Catalogue of all the Plants Recommended by Him, in His Practice of Medicine p. 167
Platform of Principles Adopted by the National Convention at Baltimore, October 1852 p. 173
Union Platform of Principles (Subscribed to by the Middle States Reformed Medical Society and the Faculty of the Eclectic Medical College of Pennsylvania) p. 175
Platform, Constitution, and By-Laws of the American Physio-Medical Association p. 177
Specification of a Patent Granted for "Fever Medicine." To SAMUEL THOMSON, of Surrey, County of Cheshire, New Hampshire, March 2, 1813 p. 183
An Attack Made by Morris Mattson Against the Alva Curtis Faction That Seceded During the Seventh National Thomsonian Convention in 1838 p. 189
Preamble and Constitution of the New York Thomsonian Medical Society p. 191
Advertisement in Samuel Emmons' Book The Vegetable Family Physician, Boston, 1842 p. 195
Notice for an Alleged Libel Against the Impositions of Paine D. Badger, Boston, 1839 p. 197
Some Typical Remedies Compounded and Sold in Thomsonian Establishments p. 199
Resources
A Note on Resources p. 207
Notes p. 211
Bibliography p. 259
Index p. 275