简介
With the publication of posthumous writings of Marxist philosopher Louis Althusser, it has become evident that he engaged with the writings of Niccolo Machiavelli in a more sustained fashion than had previously been supposed, notwithstanding the fragmentary and unfinished nature of some of these writings. Lahtinen (political science, U. of Tampere, Finland) argues that these writings, which interpret Machiavelli as the theoretician of political conjuncture, contain noteworthy contributions to Machiavelli scholarship and to political theory and philosophy in general. In his reading, Althusser's Machiavelli stressed the analysis of the particular characteristics of each political conjuncture at any given time, placed the perspective of the "people" or the "many" as the criteria for the evaluation of the actions of The Prince, outlined the aleatory (chance-like) nature of political dynamics, and politicized morality (rather than separated politics from morals), all of which together provide important contributions to a materialist theory of politics. Annotation c2010 Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)
目录
Foreword p. ix
Author's Preface to the English Edition p. xi
Introductory Comments p. 1
Althusser, Machiavelli and political theory p. 1
Althusser's contribution to Machiavelli scholarship p. 9
The general and the particular p. 9
The political praxis of a prince p. 10
Aleatory dynamics p. 11
'Verit脿 effettuale della cosa' - 'The effective truth' p. 13
Morals and politics p. 14
Materialist political theory p. 15
The approach of the present study p. 16
A Critique of Hegelianism p. 19
A critique of Hegelian dialectics p. 20
Althusser's Marxism p. 30
Overdetermination and underdetermination p. 33
The 'morphology' of the over- and underdetermination of contradictions p. 36
The reality of contradictions p. 41
Displacements and condensations in ideological apparatuses - ideological apparatuses as the displacements and condensations of contradictions p. 43
The metaphoric nature of the topographic p. 49
Russia 1917 p. 55
Summary: complexity and chaos p. 59
Engels and individual will p. 63
The individual will p. 66
Althussef's self-criticism p. 72
Elliott's theoreticist interpretation of Althusser p. 81
The 'Machiavellian' Lenin p. 83
Towards a theoreticisation of practice p. 87
Aleatory Materialism p. 89
Prologue: Machiavelli's solitude p. 89
The underground current of the materialism of the encounter p. 95
Law p. 100
Surprises p. 104
Althusser's Aleatory Machiavelli p. 109
A preliminary schema: the two dimensions of Machiavelli's differentiae specificae p. 109
'Theoretical' differentia specifica p. 110
'Political' differentia specifica p. 111
Machiavelli's differentia specifica in the history of political thought p. 113
Machiavelli - Montesquieu - Aristotle p. 115
The praxis of The Prince: the text as a political act p. 125
Machiavelli's utopianism p. 136
The praxis of the prince: the aleatory truth p. 139
The aleatory of the 'subjective' and 'objective' p. 144
The man of action and his case p. 157
Beyond the aleatory of the 'subjective' and 'objective' p. 162
The praxis of the prince: the project and strategy of the new prince p. 171
Machiavelli and Polybius p. 172
The conditions for the political project and strategy of the new prince p. 178
The lawless hero p. 183
A popular ideological figure p. 187
The instinct of the fox p. 187
Displacements and condensations p. 197
The dialectic of the interests of the prince and the people p. 200
The state and the law p. 205
Epilogue: Althusser's interpretation of Machiavelli p. 212
The Subversive Machiavelli p. 215
The art of war and the art of politics p. 215
The destructive current of fortuna p. 223
The actor's prudence p. 240
The aspects of fortuna p. 242
Kronos and Kairos p. 252
Lady Fortuna and the young men p. 253
The rise and fall of Cesare Borgia p. 256
Cesare's misfortune p. 262
'A stable people' p. 265
'A people' and a 'nation' in the context and terminology of the early cinquecento p. 274
Machiavelli in the Florentine context p. 281
Class position and ambitions p. 285
'Utopian'texts p. 290
Nazione and Machiavelli p. 297
Epilogue: Machiavelli and the taming of chance p. 302
Conclusion p. 307
References p. 313
Index p. 323
Author's Preface to the English Edition p. xi
Introductory Comments p. 1
Althusser, Machiavelli and political theory p. 1
Althusser's contribution to Machiavelli scholarship p. 9
The general and the particular p. 9
The political praxis of a prince p. 10
Aleatory dynamics p. 11
'Verit脿 effettuale della cosa' - 'The effective truth' p. 13
Morals and politics p. 14
Materialist political theory p. 15
The approach of the present study p. 16
A Critique of Hegelianism p. 19
A critique of Hegelian dialectics p. 20
Althusser's Marxism p. 30
Overdetermination and underdetermination p. 33
The 'morphology' of the over- and underdetermination of contradictions p. 36
The reality of contradictions p. 41
Displacements and condensations in ideological apparatuses - ideological apparatuses as the displacements and condensations of contradictions p. 43
The metaphoric nature of the topographic p. 49
Russia 1917 p. 55
Summary: complexity and chaos p. 59
Engels and individual will p. 63
The individual will p. 66
Althussef's self-criticism p. 72
Elliott's theoreticist interpretation of Althusser p. 81
The 'Machiavellian' Lenin p. 83
Towards a theoreticisation of practice p. 87
Aleatory Materialism p. 89
Prologue: Machiavelli's solitude p. 89
The underground current of the materialism of the encounter p. 95
Law p. 100
Surprises p. 104
Althusser's Aleatory Machiavelli p. 109
A preliminary schema: the two dimensions of Machiavelli's differentiae specificae p. 109
'Theoretical' differentia specifica p. 110
'Political' differentia specifica p. 111
Machiavelli's differentia specifica in the history of political thought p. 113
Machiavelli - Montesquieu - Aristotle p. 115
The praxis of The Prince: the text as a political act p. 125
Machiavelli's utopianism p. 136
The praxis of the prince: the aleatory truth p. 139
The aleatory of the 'subjective' and 'objective' p. 144
The man of action and his case p. 157
Beyond the aleatory of the 'subjective' and 'objective' p. 162
The praxis of the prince: the project and strategy of the new prince p. 171
Machiavelli and Polybius p. 172
The conditions for the political project and strategy of the new prince p. 178
The lawless hero p. 183
A popular ideological figure p. 187
The instinct of the fox p. 187
Displacements and condensations p. 197
The dialectic of the interests of the prince and the people p. 200
The state and the law p. 205
Epilogue: Althusser's interpretation of Machiavelli p. 212
The Subversive Machiavelli p. 215
The art of war and the art of politics p. 215
The destructive current of fortuna p. 223
The actor's prudence p. 240
The aspects of fortuna p. 242
Kronos and Kairos p. 252
Lady Fortuna and the young men p. 253
The rise and fall of Cesare Borgia p. 256
Cesare's misfortune p. 262
'A stable people' p. 265
'A people' and a 'nation' in the context and terminology of the early cinquecento p. 274
Machiavelli in the Florentine context p. 281
Class position and ambitions p. 285
'Utopian'texts p. 290
Nazione and Machiavelli p. 297
Epilogue: Machiavelli and the taming of chance p. 302
Conclusion p. 307
References p. 313
Index p. 323
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