简介
This innovative analysis of noun incorporation and related linguistic phenomena does more than just give readers an insightful exploration of its subject. The author re-evaluates鈥攁nd forges links between鈥攖wo influential theories of phrase structure: Chomsky鈥檚 Bare Phrase Structure and Richard Kayne鈥檚 Antisymmetry. The text details how the two linguistic paradigms interact to cause differing patterns of noun incorporation across world languages. With a solid empirical foundation in its close reading of Northern Iroquoian languages especially, Barrie argues that noun incorporation needs no special mechanism, but results from a symmetry-breaking operation. 聽 Drawing additional data from English, German, Persian, Tamil and the Polynesian language Niuean, this synthesis has major implications for our understanding of the formation of the verbal complex and the intra-position (roll-up) movement. It will be priority reading for students of phrase structure, as well as Iroquoian language scholars.
目录
Preface 5
Abbreviations 6
Contents 9
1 Introduction 12
1.1 Outlook and Goals 13
1.2 Noun Incorporation 16
1.2.1 Properties of NI 16
1.2.2 On the Syntactic Nature of NI 19
1.3 Conclusion and Outline of Book 29
References 30
2 Theoretical Background 34
2.1 A Bit of History of Phrase Structure 34
2.2 Bare Phrase Structure 37
2.3 Antisymmetry 41
2.4 Head Movement 45
2.5 Alternative Accounts of Linearization 51
2.5.1 Demerge and Concatenate: SOV as Underlying Order 52
2.5.2 Parameterized Order 53
2.5.3 Departures from the LCA 58
2.6 Conclusion 59
References 59
3 Unifying Antisymmetry and Bare Phrase Structure 64
3.1 The Problem of Mutual C-Command 64
3.2 Previous Accounts 65
3.2.1 Guimar0es (2000) and Self-Merge 68
3.2.2 Nunes and Uriagereka (2000) 71
3.2.3 Richards (2001) 72
3.2.4 Conclusion 72
3.3 The LCA and BPS 72
3.4 Proposal 82
3.5 Alternatives to Complement-to-Spec Roll-Up 88
3.5.1 Spec-To-Spec Movement and Romance Clitics 89
3.5.2 Avoidance of the Initial Merger Problem 92
3.6 Linearization and Late Insertion 96
3.7 Summary 99
References 99
4 Noun Incorporation in Northern Iroquoian 103
4.1 Northern Iroquoian Languages 103
4.1.1 Clause Structure of Northern Iroquoian 104
4.1.2 Nominal Structure in Northern Iroquoian 107
4.2 Patterns of NI in Northern Iroquoian 110
4.2.1 Productivity of NI 111
4.2.2 Nominal Roots 116
4.3 Analysis 117
4.3.1 Previous Analyses 117
4.3.2 NI as Phrasal Movement 122
4.4 Properties of Iroquoian NI 128
4.4.1 NI in Ditransitives 128
4.4.2 NI and Overt DPs 131
4.5 Conclusion 133
References 133
5 Noun Incorporation and Its Kind in Other Languages 137
5.1 The Structure of Nominals and V/IN Order 137
5.2 NI in Sierra Popoluca 140
5.3 English Gerunds 142
5.3.1 Description of NI in English Gerunds 143
5.3.2 Analysis 145
5.4 German Progressives 148
5.5 Persian 'Long Infinitive' Constructions 153
5.6 Tamil Noun Incorporation and Coordination 157
5.7 Adverb Incorporation in Blackfoot 160
5.8 Conclusion 164
References 165
6 V+N Order 168
6.1 Polynesian Pseudo Noun Incorporation 169
6.1.1 The Structure of Niuean Nominals 170
6.1.2 Pseudo Noun Incorporation 172
6.1.3 Postlude on Tukang Besi Object Incorporation 174
6.2 Romance Compounds 176
6.2.1 Description of V+N Compounds 177
6.2.2 Analysis of Romance Compounds 179
6.3 Mapudungun 181
6.4 Upriver Halkomelem 185
6.5 Conclusion 190
References 192
7 Conclusion 194
7.1 Summary 194
7.2 Limitations 195
7.3 Conclusions and Implications 199
References 203
Index 205
Abbreviations 6
Contents 9
1 Introduction 12
1.1 Outlook and Goals 13
1.2 Noun Incorporation 16
1.2.1 Properties of NI 16
1.2.2 On the Syntactic Nature of NI 19
1.3 Conclusion and Outline of Book 29
References 30
2 Theoretical Background 34
2.1 A Bit of History of Phrase Structure 34
2.2 Bare Phrase Structure 37
2.3 Antisymmetry 41
2.4 Head Movement 45
2.5 Alternative Accounts of Linearization 51
2.5.1 Demerge and Concatenate: SOV as Underlying Order 52
2.5.2 Parameterized Order 53
2.5.3 Departures from the LCA 58
2.6 Conclusion 59
References 59
3 Unifying Antisymmetry and Bare Phrase Structure 64
3.1 The Problem of Mutual C-Command 64
3.2 Previous Accounts 65
3.2.1 Guimar0es (2000) and Self-Merge 68
3.2.2 Nunes and Uriagereka (2000) 71
3.2.3 Richards (2001) 72
3.2.4 Conclusion 72
3.3 The LCA and BPS 72
3.4 Proposal 82
3.5 Alternatives to Complement-to-Spec Roll-Up 88
3.5.1 Spec-To-Spec Movement and Romance Clitics 89
3.5.2 Avoidance of the Initial Merger Problem 92
3.6 Linearization and Late Insertion 96
3.7 Summary 99
References 99
4 Noun Incorporation in Northern Iroquoian 103
4.1 Northern Iroquoian Languages 103
4.1.1 Clause Structure of Northern Iroquoian 104
4.1.2 Nominal Structure in Northern Iroquoian 107
4.2 Patterns of NI in Northern Iroquoian 110
4.2.1 Productivity of NI 111
4.2.2 Nominal Roots 116
4.3 Analysis 117
4.3.1 Previous Analyses 117
4.3.2 NI as Phrasal Movement 122
4.4 Properties of Iroquoian NI 128
4.4.1 NI in Ditransitives 128
4.4.2 NI and Overt DPs 131
4.5 Conclusion 133
References 133
5 Noun Incorporation and Its Kind in Other Languages 137
5.1 The Structure of Nominals and V/IN Order 137
5.2 NI in Sierra Popoluca 140
5.3 English Gerunds 142
5.3.1 Description of NI in English Gerunds 143
5.3.2 Analysis 145
5.4 German Progressives 148
5.5 Persian 'Long Infinitive' Constructions 153
5.6 Tamil Noun Incorporation and Coordination 157
5.7 Adverb Incorporation in Blackfoot 160
5.8 Conclusion 164
References 165
6 V+N Order 168
6.1 Polynesian Pseudo Noun Incorporation 169
6.1.1 The Structure of Niuean Nominals 170
6.1.2 Pseudo Noun Incorporation 172
6.1.3 Postlude on Tukang Besi Object Incorporation 174
6.2 Romance Compounds 176
6.2.1 Description of V+N Compounds 177
6.2.2 Analysis of Romance Compounds 179
6.3 Mapudungun 181
6.4 Upriver Halkomelem 185
6.5 Conclusion 190
References 192
7 Conclusion 194
7.1 Summary 194
7.2 Limitations 195
7.3 Conclusions and Implications 199
References 203
Index 205
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