An Introduction to Phonetics and Phonology

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作   者:(美)John Clark,(美)Colin Yallop著;史宝辉导读

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ISBN:9787560018997

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简介

  'Informative, interesting and well written... an excellent general reference for students and scholars at a variety of levels' Language, reviewing the first edition Assuming no prior knowledge of the subject. this book offers a thorough introduction to phonetics and phonology. It is unusually comprehensive, including detailed attention to articulatory and acoustic phonetics as well as to the foundations of phonolgical analysis. The second edition of this highly successful textbook incorporates several improvements: a completely new chapter on speech perception has been added: the material on anatomy and physiology has been rearranged and much of the detail placed later in the book to made it less demanding on readers; further coverage has been given to the sounds of the world's languages; and the entire text has been edited to bring it up to date.   -------   目录   王宗炎序   导读   Figures   Tables   Preface to the Second Edition   List of Abbreviations   1 Introduction   1.1 Phonetics and phonology   1.2 Theory and analysis   1.3 Relationships with other fields   1.4 Outline of this book   Exercises   2 Segmental Articulation   2.1 Introduction   2.2 A functional overview of the speech production process   2.3 The organs of speech   2.4 Describing speech sounds   2.5 Airstream mechanisms   2.6 Modes of phonation   2.7 Vocalic sounds   2.8 Duration and glide in vocalic articulations   2.9 Consonantal sounds   2.10 Vocal tract Place   2.11 Tongue position   2.12 Manner of articulation   2.13 Stricture   2.14 Force   2.15 Length   2.16 Voice onset   Exercises   3 Units of Speech   4 The Phonemic Organization of Speech   5 The Generative Approach to Phonology   6 The Anatomy and Physiology of Speech Production   7 The Acoustics of Speech Production   8 Speech Perception   9 Prosody   10 Feature Systems   11 The Progress of Phonology   Appendix 1:Phonetic Symbols   Appendix 2:Features   References   Index   文库索引  

目录

preface by halliday

王宗炎序

导读

figures

tables

preface to the second edition

list of abbreviations

1introduction

1.1 phonetics and phonology

1.2 theory and analysis

1.3 relationships with other fields

1.4 outline of this book exercises

2segmental articulation

2.1 introduction

2.2 a functional overview of the speech production process

2.3 the organs of speech

2.4 describing speech sounds

2.5 airstream mechanisms

2.6 modes of phonation

2.7 vocalic sounds

.2.8 duration and glide in vocalic articulations

2.9 consonantal sounds

2.10 vocal tract place

2.11 tongue position

2.12 manner of articulation

2.13 stricture

2.14 force

2.15 length

2.16 voice onset

exercises

3units of speech

3.1 identifying the units of speech

3.2 complex articulations

3.3 nasalization

3.4 labialization

3.5 palatalization

3.6 velarization and pharyngealization

3.7 affrication

3.8 double articulation

3.9 vowel retroflexion

3.10 diphthongization

3.11 syllabicity

3.12 segmentation and structure

3.13 diphthongs and related phenomena

3.14 interpretations exercises

4 the phonemic organization of speech

4.1 phonetic variability

4.2 the phoneme

4.3 allophones

4.4 phonemic norms

4.5 pattern and symmetry

4.6 phonological reality

4.7 units and boundaries

4.8 invariance and overlap

4.9 biuniqueness and neutralization

4.10 morphophonemic alternations

4.11 free variation

4.12 the sounds of the world's languages exercises

5the generative approach to phonology

5.1 the origins of generative phonology

5.2 the sound pattern of english

5.3 basic rule notation in generative phonology

5.4 formalism and evaluation

5.5 abbreviatory devices in rule notation

5.6 rule order

5.7 functional considerations

5.8 naturalness and markedness

5.9 abstractness exercises

6the anatomy and physiology of speech production

6.1 introduction

6.2 conventions of anatomical description

6.3 the nervous system

6.4 the respiratory system

6.5 the larynx

6.6 phonation

6.7 the pharynx

6.8 the velum and the nasal cavity

6.9 the oral cavity

6.10 the tongue

6.11 the lips

6.12 the mandibleexercises

7the acoustics of speech production

7.1 the nature of sound

7.2 the propagation of sound

7.3 simple harmonic motion

7.4 complex vibrations

7.5 resonance

7.6 basic amplitude properties of sound waves

7.7 time domain properties of sound waves

7.8 frequency domain properties of sound waves

7.9 some basic perceptual properties of sound waves

7.10 the acoustic model of speech production

7.11 phonation as a sound source

7.12 sources of frication

7.13 the vocal tract filter in vowel production

7.14 spectrographic analysis of speech

7.15 acoustic properties of vowel quality

7.16 the vocal tract filter in consonant production

7.17 the acoustic properties of consonants in syllables

7.18 the relationship between articulatory and acoustic properties of speech production

7.19 acoustic features of prosodyexercises

8 8speech perception

8.1 introduction

8.2 the auditory system

8.3 psychophysical properties of the auditory system

8.4 speech intelligibility

8.5 acoustic-phonetic perception

8.6 vowel perception

8.7 consonant perception

8.8 units of perception

8.9 prosodic perception

8.10 word recognition

8.11 models of speech perception

8.12 conclusion

exercises

9prosody

9.1 introduction

9.2 the phonetic basis of suprasegmentals

9.3 the systemic organization of prosody

9.4 tone languages

9.5 pitch-accent languages

9.6 stress in english

9.7 stress assignment

9.8 intonation in english

exercises

10 feature systems

10.1 introduction

10.2 acoustic features

10.3 articulatory features

10.4 perceptual features

10.5 distinctive features

10.6 cover features

10.7 abstract features

10.8 accuracy and universality

10.9 universal feature systems

10.10 features and discreteness

10.11 hierarchical organization of features

10.12 feature geometry

10.13 overview

exercises

11the progress of phonology

11.1 currents of theory

11.2 phonetics and phonology before the twentieth century

11.3 the phoneme

11.4 the traditions of phonetics

11.5 phonology in north america

11.6 the prague school

11.7 glossematics and stratificational phonology

11.8 prosodic phonology

11.9 generative phonology

11.10 natural generative phonology

11.11 natural phonology

11.12 autosegmental and cv phonology

11.13 metrical phonology

11.14 lexical phonology

11.15 dependency phonology

11.16 experimental phonology

11.17 conclusion

exercises

appendix 1: phonetic symbols

1.1 vowel symbols

1.2 consonant symbols

1.3 diacritics and conventions for complex articulations

1.4 symbols used in transcription of english

appendix 2: features

2.1 jakobson and halle's distinctive features

2.2 chomsky and halle's universal set of phonetic features

2.3 ladefoged's 'traditional features'

2.4 components in dependency phonology

references

index

文库索引


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