简介
Summary:
Publisher Summary 1
This book highlights the role that renewable energy can play in achieving sustainable development, focusing on rural areas of developing countries, particularly at stand-alone solar home systems and grid-connected biomass cogeneration plant.
Publisher Summary 2
This book highlights the role that renewable energy can play in achieving sustainable development. It focuses on rural areas of developing countries, looking in particular at stand-alone solar home systems and grid-connected biomass cogeneration plant. It provides a summary of the main barriers to the successful transfer of renewable energy technology, illustrated by case studies drawn from Indonesia, the Philippines, Vietnam, Thailand, the South Pacific, Kenya and India. Options for overcoming the barriers and the role of key players are presented. The book also outlines the potential role of the Clean Development Mechanism of the Kyoto Protocol in facilitating renewable energy technology transfer in the context of climate change.The book will appeal to academics, consultants, technology manufacturers, international funding bodies, multilateral and bilateral aid agencies, policy-makers and planners in developing countries.
目录
List of figures, tables and boxes p. viii
List of abbreviations p. x
Foreword p. xvi
Acknowledgments p. xviii
Introduction p. 1
A role for renewables p. 5
Improving energy security p. 5
Trends in world energy use p. 5
Current deployment of renewable energy and future prospects p. 10
The need for indigenous local energy sources p. 13
A niche for renewable energy p. 15
Powering sustainable development p. 17
Energy services p. 17
Energy and development p. 22
Achieving international development targets p. 24
Reducing environmental impacts p. 31
Local impacts p. 31
Global impacts p. 32
Transferring technology to developing countries: key actors and roles p. 42
Developments in technology transfer p. 42
Defining technology transfer p. 43
Technology transfer in the context of sustainable development and climate change p. 47
Key actors and roles p. 56
Key actors p. 56
The role of governments p. 62
The role of international finance institutions p. 63
The role of private sector organizations p. 64
The role of civil society p. 64
Risks and rewards p. 64
Risks p. 65
Rewards p. 69
Investment in technology transfer p. 73
Key investors for renewable energy p. 73
International institutions p. 73
National institutions p. 86
Private companies p. 88
Non-governmental organizations p. 88
Investment trends p. 90
Finance mechanisms p. 102
Innovative finance mechanisms p. 102
Potential investment via the CDM p. 110
Barriers and options p. 120
Barriers p. 120
Introduction p. 120
National policies and programmes p. 123
Institutional structures p. 125
Intellectual property and standards p. 126
Information exchange, education and training p. 129
Financing p. 131
Social p. 134
Others p. 135
Case studies p. 138
Summary of barriers to solar home systems p. 139
Summary of barriers to biomass cogeneration p. 142
Options p. 144
Encouraging technology transfer p. 144
Overcoming the barriers in developing countries p. 148
The way forward p. 162
Actions needed p. 162
Actions needed for solar home systems p. 162
Actions needed for biomass cogeneration p. 164
Common actions needed p. 165
Engagement of key actors p. 165
Key actions for government p. 171
Key actions for international finance institutions p. 173
Key actions for private companies p. 173
Key actions for civil society p. 174
Conclusion p. 174
Case studies p. 177
Analysis of case studies: options for overcoming barriers p. 216
References p. 234
List of abbreviations p. x
Foreword p. xvi
Acknowledgments p. xviii
Introduction p. 1
A role for renewables p. 5
Improving energy security p. 5
Trends in world energy use p. 5
Current deployment of renewable energy and future prospects p. 10
The need for indigenous local energy sources p. 13
A niche for renewable energy p. 15
Powering sustainable development p. 17
Energy services p. 17
Energy and development p. 22
Achieving international development targets p. 24
Reducing environmental impacts p. 31
Local impacts p. 31
Global impacts p. 32
Transferring technology to developing countries: key actors and roles p. 42
Developments in technology transfer p. 42
Defining technology transfer p. 43
Technology transfer in the context of sustainable development and climate change p. 47
Key actors and roles p. 56
Key actors p. 56
The role of governments p. 62
The role of international finance institutions p. 63
The role of private sector organizations p. 64
The role of civil society p. 64
Risks and rewards p. 64
Risks p. 65
Rewards p. 69
Investment in technology transfer p. 73
Key investors for renewable energy p. 73
International institutions p. 73
National institutions p. 86
Private companies p. 88
Non-governmental organizations p. 88
Investment trends p. 90
Finance mechanisms p. 102
Innovative finance mechanisms p. 102
Potential investment via the CDM p. 110
Barriers and options p. 120
Barriers p. 120
Introduction p. 120
National policies and programmes p. 123
Institutional structures p. 125
Intellectual property and standards p. 126
Information exchange, education and training p. 129
Financing p. 131
Social p. 134
Others p. 135
Case studies p. 138
Summary of barriers to solar home systems p. 139
Summary of barriers to biomass cogeneration p. 142
Options p. 144
Encouraging technology transfer p. 144
Overcoming the barriers in developing countries p. 148
The way forward p. 162
Actions needed p. 162
Actions needed for solar home systems p. 162
Actions needed for biomass cogeneration p. 164
Common actions needed p. 165
Engagement of key actors p. 165
Key actions for government p. 171
Key actions for international finance institutions p. 173
Key actions for private companies p. 173
Key actions for civil society p. 174
Conclusion p. 174
Case studies p. 177
Analysis of case studies: options for overcoming barriers p. 216
References p. 234
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