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ISBN:9781859284216

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简介

"Covers the adoption of Christianity and the emergence of Rome as the seat of Western Christendom, the break-up of the Roman west in the face of internal decay and the settlement of non-Romans and Germanic groups, the impact of Germanic and Byzantine rule on Italy until the rise of Charlemagne and of a Papal State in the later eighth century ... Neil Christie identifies the changes brought about by the Church in town and country, the level of change within Italy under Rome before and after occupation by Ostrogoths, Byzantines and Lombards, and reviews wider changes in urbanism, rural exploitation and defence. The emphasis is on human settlement on its varies levels ... and the assessment of how these evolved and the changes that impacted on them"--Back cover.

目录

List of Figures p. vii
Preface and Acknowledgements p. xv
Introduction p. 1
Sources and Contexts p. 15
Introduction p. 15
Historical Contexts p. 21
A Note on Populations, Identities and Provinces p. 57
Church and Society p. 73
Introduction p. 74
The Early Church and Late Roman Italian Society p. 80
Christianization I: The Urban Church p. 91
Christianization II: Rural Christianity p. 112
The Early Church: Forms, Siting and Materials p. 121
Church Roles in Ostrogothic and Lombard Italy p. 137
Burials p. 148
Relics and Pilgrims p. 156
Monasticism p. 164
Texts and the Church: Inscriptions, Epitaphs and Graffiti p. 174
Urban Evolutions p. 183
Sources of Evidence p. 186
The Fortunes of Towns p. 195
Natural and Human: Fortunes and Losses p. 198
War and Towns: Urban Shrinkage and Military Needs? p. 202
Christianized Cities p. 206
The Old in the New: Spolia and New Material Language of Towns p. 208
Public Spaces and Monuments: Patterns of Survival and Loss p. 214
Living Spaces p. 227
Water p. 246
Population Loss? Space and Burials p. 249
New Towns p. 263
Conclusions p. 268
Defence and Power p. 281
Introduction p. 282
Interpreting Town Defences and Frontiers p. 284
The Later Roman Army and Italy p. 300
The Redesigning of Defensive Architecture p. 319
Fourth-Century Italian Frontiers p. 324
Fifth-Century Retrenchments p. 331
Defences after Rome p. 348
Rural Settlement and Patterns of Change p. 401
Introduction p. 402
Modes of Roman Rural Settlement p. 406
The Impact of Field Survey p. 412
Late Roman Villas and Farms p. 428
Churches, Monasteries and Burials p. 442
Germans and the Land p. 451
Rural Insecurities and 'Private' Defence: Hills, Refuges and Caves p. 473
Environments, Economies and Bioarchaeologies p. 484
Rural Decay and Land Degradation: The Role of Climate Change p. 487
Conclusions p. 491
Conclusions - Living (and Dying) in Late Antique and Early Medieval Italy p. 497
People in the Past p. 497
The Plague: Horror and Historical Hesitation p. 500
Continuities, Changes, Transformations? p. 505
Divides and Mergers p. 507
Bibliography p. 511
Index p. 571

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