Krugman儿童感染病学 Krugman's Infectious Diseases of Children

During the first half of the 20th century, the infectious causes of many common childhood diseases became widely understood. The lives of numerous children were saved by improving sanitation, educating parents about hygiene and the communicability of diseases, and immunizing children against diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus, and smallpox. Krugman's Infectious Diseases of Children is the 10th edition of a book by Krugman and Ward first published in 1958 (St. Louis: Mosby). A comparison of the two editions is an occasion to assess progress in the past 40 years. In the light of the achievements of Enders, Weller, Sabin, Salk, and others, Krugman and Ward wrote of living in the golden age of viruses. Although the crisis brought on by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) could not have been anticipated, the authors' optimism has been justified by the success of vaccines for poliomyelitis, measles, mumps, rubella, varicella, hepatitis A, hepatitis B, rabies, and rotavirus infection. In contrast to the account in the 1958 edition, the chapter on smallpox and vaccinia in the 10th edition describes the eradication of smallpox by means of a global immunization effort. Progress against bacterial disease is represented by the dramatic impact of Haemophilus influenzae type B vaccine. In therapeutics, penicillin and tetracycline have been joined by more than a hundred other antimicrobial agents for treating childhood infections.