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简介
本书结合本科专业设置特点（机械设计制造及其自动化、机械电子工程、过程装备与控制工程）、课程定位（专业基础必修课程）和学生学业和职业发展的需要，参考国外工程材料科学与技术领域权威教材，编写涉及材料科学与工程的发展前沿、内容难易程度适中、概念阐述与具体实例紧密结合、便于学生学习与理解学科知识、能够指导大学生毕业设计英文摘要及英文论文写作的工程材料双语教材。全书共分十章，分别阐述了材料科学与工程概论、晶体结构与晶体几何学、凝固、晶体缺陷、固态扩散、金属机械性能、相图、金属材料的热处理、合金钢、有色金属及其合金、常用铸造合金、陶瓷材料、复合材料、科技论文摘要写作等。系统地介绍了材料的结构、加工、性能和应用方面的基础知识和发展前沿，在每章后附有关键词及其定义、概要和思考题。由于至今为止我国的教学体系是沿用了前苏联的教学模式，与英美国家英文原版教材内容体系差异较大尤其是在工程材料的分类方法、使用标准及代号上完全不同。为了能使学生能够顺畅地与外国专家进行学术交流与研讨，同时还能熟炼地与国内的工程技术人员进行技术探讨。我们在编写金属材料的热处理、合金钢、有色金属及其合金时详细地比较叙述了国内与国际材料分类标准、代号的使用等。
目录
Chapter 1 Crystalline Structures and Imperfections
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Classification of Materials
1.3 Structure of Atoms
1.4 Ideal Crystal, Space Lattice and Unit Cells
1.5 CrYstal Structures and Bravais Lattices
1.6 Cubic Unit Cells
1.7 Basic Crystalline Structures in Metals
1.8 Packing Factor
1.9 Directions and Planes in Crystalline Structures
1.9.1 Directions in Cubic Unit Cell
1.9.2 Miller Indices for Crystallographic Planes in Cubic Unit Cell
1.9.3 Linear Density and Planar Density in Crystalline Structures
1.10 Crystalline Imperfections
1.10.1 Point Defects
1.10.2 Linear Defects (Dislocations)
1.10.3 Planar Defects(Grain Boundaries)
1.10.4 Metallographic Examination
Problems
Chapter 2 Mechanical Properties of Metals
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Materials Relationship
2.3 Tensile Properties
2.3.1 Linear-Elastic Region and Elastic Constants
2.3.2 Yield Point
2.3.3 Ultimate Tensile Strength
2.3.4 Measures of Ductility (Elongation and Reduction of Area)
2.4 Mechanism of Elastic and Plastic Deformation
2.4.1 Metallic Bond
2.4.2 Mechanism of Elastic Deformation
2.4.3 Mechanism of Plastic Deformation
2.5 Other Mechanical Properties
2.5.1 Compressiye Properties
2.5.2 Shear Properties
2.5.3 Impact Toughness
2.6 Work Hardening
2.6.1 Annealing of Work-hardened Materials
2.6.2 Hot Working and Cold Working
2.7 Hardness Test
2.7.1 Introduction
2.7.2 Brinell Hardness Test
2.7.3 Rockwell Hardness Test
2.7.4 Vickers Hardness Test
2.7.5 Scleroscope Hardness Tests
Problems
Chapter 3 Binary Phase Diagram
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Metallic Solid Solutions
3.2.1 Substitutional Solid Solutions
3.2.2 Interstitial Solid Solutions
3.3 Binary Isomorphous Alloy Systems
3.4 Construction of Phase Diagrams
3.4.1 Cooling Curve
3.4.2 Experimental Methods to Determine Phase Change Points
3.5 Solidification of Solid Solution Alloy
3.6 Binary Eutectic Alloy Systems
3.6.1 Slow Cooling of a Pb-Sn Alloy of Eutectic Composition
3.6.2 Slow Cooling of a 65% Pb-35% Sn Alloy
3.6.3 Slow Cooling of a 16% Pb-84% Sn Alloy
3.7 Binary Eutectoid Reactions
3.8 Binary Peritectic Alloy Systems
3.9 Phase Diagram with Intermediate Phases and Compounds
Problems
Chapter 4 Iron-Carbon Equilibrium Diagram
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Polymorphism and Allotropy
4.3 Fe-Fe3C Phase Diagram
4.3.1 Effect of Carbon on the Fe-Fe3C Phase Diagram
4.3.2 Solid Phases in the Fe-Fe3C Phase Diagram
4.3.3 Transformation Temperatures and Lines
4.4 Invariant Reactions in the Fe-Fe3 C Phase Diagram
4.5 Slow Cooling of Plain-carbon Steels
4.5.1 Eutectoid Plain-carbon Steel
4.5.2 Hypoeutectoid Plain-carbon Steels
4.5.3 Hypereutectoid Plain-carbon Steels
4.6 Cast Irons
4.6.1 General Properties
4.6.2 Types of Cast Irons
Problems
Chapter 5 Heat Treatment of Steels
5.1 Introduction
5.1.1 Heating Temperatures and Time
5.1.2 Cooling Rates
5.2 Critical Temperatures
5.3 Time-Temperature-Transformation (TTT Diagram)
5.4 Microstructures at Fast Cooling
5.4.1 Bainite
5.4.2 Martensite
5.5 General Purposes of Heat Treatment
5.6 Types of Heat Treatment
5.6.1 Annealing
5.6.2 Normalizing
5.6.3 Hardening and Tempering
5.7 Case Hardening
5.7.1 Atomic Diffusion in Solids
5.7.2 Case Hardening of Steel by Gas Carburizing
Problems
Chapter 6 Carbon and Alloy Steels
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Plain-carbon Steels
6.2.1 AISI-SAE Classification System for Plain-carbon Steels
6.2.2 Chinese National Standard Classification System for Plain-carbon Steels
6.2.3 Characteristics and Applications of Plain-carbon Steels
6.3 Low-alloy Steels
6.3.1 Effect of Alloying Elements in Steels
6.3.2 Effects of Alloying Elements on the Critical Temperature of the Fe-Fe3 C Diagram
6.3.3 Classification of Low-alloy Steels
6.4 Tool Steels
6.4.1 Water-hardening Tool Steels (W-type)
6.4.2 Shock-resistant Tool Steels (S-type)
6.4.3 Cold-work (Oil-hardening) Tool Steels (O-type)
6.4.4 Cold-work (Medium-alloy, Air-hardening) Tool Steels (A-type)
6.4.5 Cold-work (high-carbon, high-chromium) Tool Steels (D-type)
6.4.6 Hot-work Tool Steels (H-type)
6.4.7 High-speed Tool Steels (T and M types)
6.5 Stainless Steels
6.5.1 Ferritie Stainless Steels
6.5.2 Martensitic Stainless Steels
6.5.3 Austenitie Stainless Steels
6.5.4 Duplex Stainless Steels
6.6 Chinese National Standard Classification System for Alloy Steels
6.6.1 Low Alloy High Strength Structural Steels
6.6.2 Alloy Carburizing Steels
6.6.3 Quenched & High Temperature Tempered Alloy Steels
6.6.4 Alloy Spring Steels
6.6.5 Gear Steels
6.6.6 Alloy Tool Steels
6.6.7 High Speed Tool Steels
6.6.8 Stainless Steels
Problems
Chapter 7 Nonferrous Metals and Its Alloys
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Aluminum and Its Alloys
7.2.1 Aluminum Alloy Temper and Designation System
7.2.2 Aluminum Alloys and Their Characteristics
7.2.3 Precipitation Strengthening of Aluminum Alloys
7.2.4 Precipitation Strengthening of an A1-4% Cu Alloy
7.2.5 Aluminum Casting Alloys
7.3 Copper and Its Alloys
7.3.1 Introduction
7.3.2 Copper Alloys
7.4 Titanium and Its Alloys
7.4.1 Introduction
7.4.2 Pure Titanium
7.4.3 Titanium Alloy Systems and Phase Diagrams
7.4.4 Classification of Titanium Alloys
7.5 Magnesium and Its Alloys
7.5.1 Introduction
7.5.2 Classification of Magnesium Alloys
7.5.3 Structure and Properties
Problems
References
APPENDIX Ⅰ Definitions
APPENDIX Ⅱ Conversion Factors to SI Units
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Classification of Materials
1.3 Structure of Atoms
1.4 Ideal Crystal, Space Lattice and Unit Cells
1.5 CrYstal Structures and Bravais Lattices
1.6 Cubic Unit Cells
1.7 Basic Crystalline Structures in Metals
1.8 Packing Factor
1.9 Directions and Planes in Crystalline Structures
1.9.1 Directions in Cubic Unit Cell
1.9.2 Miller Indices for Crystallographic Planes in Cubic Unit Cell
1.9.3 Linear Density and Planar Density in Crystalline Structures
1.10 Crystalline Imperfections
1.10.1 Point Defects
1.10.2 Linear Defects (Dislocations)
1.10.3 Planar Defects(Grain Boundaries)
1.10.4 Metallographic Examination
Problems
Chapter 2 Mechanical Properties of Metals
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Materials Relationship
2.3 Tensile Properties
2.3.1 Linear-Elastic Region and Elastic Constants
2.3.2 Yield Point
2.3.3 Ultimate Tensile Strength
2.3.4 Measures of Ductility (Elongation and Reduction of Area)
2.4 Mechanism of Elastic and Plastic Deformation
2.4.1 Metallic Bond
2.4.2 Mechanism of Elastic Deformation
2.4.3 Mechanism of Plastic Deformation
2.5 Other Mechanical Properties
2.5.1 Compressiye Properties
2.5.2 Shear Properties
2.5.3 Impact Toughness
2.6 Work Hardening
2.6.1 Annealing of Work-hardened Materials
2.6.2 Hot Working and Cold Working
2.7 Hardness Test
2.7.1 Introduction
2.7.2 Brinell Hardness Test
2.7.3 Rockwell Hardness Test
2.7.4 Vickers Hardness Test
2.7.5 Scleroscope Hardness Tests
Problems
Chapter 3 Binary Phase Diagram
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Metallic Solid Solutions
3.2.1 Substitutional Solid Solutions
3.2.2 Interstitial Solid Solutions
3.3 Binary Isomorphous Alloy Systems
3.4 Construction of Phase Diagrams
3.4.1 Cooling Curve
3.4.2 Experimental Methods to Determine Phase Change Points
3.5 Solidification of Solid Solution Alloy
3.6 Binary Eutectic Alloy Systems
3.6.1 Slow Cooling of a Pb-Sn Alloy of Eutectic Composition
3.6.2 Slow Cooling of a 65% Pb-35% Sn Alloy
3.6.3 Slow Cooling of a 16% Pb-84% Sn Alloy
3.7 Binary Eutectoid Reactions
3.8 Binary Peritectic Alloy Systems
3.9 Phase Diagram with Intermediate Phases and Compounds
Problems
Chapter 4 Iron-Carbon Equilibrium Diagram
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Polymorphism and Allotropy
4.3 Fe-Fe3C Phase Diagram
4.3.1 Effect of Carbon on the Fe-Fe3C Phase Diagram
4.3.2 Solid Phases in the Fe-Fe3C Phase Diagram
4.3.3 Transformation Temperatures and Lines
4.4 Invariant Reactions in the Fe-Fe3 C Phase Diagram
4.5 Slow Cooling of Plain-carbon Steels
4.5.1 Eutectoid Plain-carbon Steel
4.5.2 Hypoeutectoid Plain-carbon Steels
4.5.3 Hypereutectoid Plain-carbon Steels
4.6 Cast Irons
4.6.1 General Properties
4.6.2 Types of Cast Irons
Problems
Chapter 5 Heat Treatment of Steels
5.1 Introduction
5.1.1 Heating Temperatures and Time
5.1.2 Cooling Rates
5.2 Critical Temperatures
5.3 Time-Temperature-Transformation (TTT Diagram)
5.4 Microstructures at Fast Cooling
5.4.1 Bainite
5.4.2 Martensite
5.5 General Purposes of Heat Treatment
5.6 Types of Heat Treatment
5.6.1 Annealing
5.6.2 Normalizing
5.6.3 Hardening and Tempering
5.7 Case Hardening
5.7.1 Atomic Diffusion in Solids
5.7.2 Case Hardening of Steel by Gas Carburizing
Problems
Chapter 6 Carbon and Alloy Steels
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Plain-carbon Steels
6.2.1 AISI-SAE Classification System for Plain-carbon Steels
6.2.2 Chinese National Standard Classification System for Plain-carbon Steels
6.2.3 Characteristics and Applications of Plain-carbon Steels
6.3 Low-alloy Steels
6.3.1 Effect of Alloying Elements in Steels
6.3.2 Effects of Alloying Elements on the Critical Temperature of the Fe-Fe3 C Diagram
6.3.3 Classification of Low-alloy Steels
6.4 Tool Steels
6.4.1 Water-hardening Tool Steels (W-type)
6.4.2 Shock-resistant Tool Steels (S-type)
6.4.3 Cold-work (Oil-hardening) Tool Steels (O-type)
6.4.4 Cold-work (Medium-alloy, Air-hardening) Tool Steels (A-type)
6.4.5 Cold-work (high-carbon, high-chromium) Tool Steels (D-type)
6.4.6 Hot-work Tool Steels (H-type)
6.4.7 High-speed Tool Steels (T and M types)
6.5 Stainless Steels
6.5.1 Ferritie Stainless Steels
6.5.2 Martensitic Stainless Steels
6.5.3 Austenitie Stainless Steels
6.5.4 Duplex Stainless Steels
6.6 Chinese National Standard Classification System for Alloy Steels
6.6.1 Low Alloy High Strength Structural Steels
6.6.2 Alloy Carburizing Steels
6.6.3 Quenched & High Temperature Tempered Alloy Steels
6.6.4 Alloy Spring Steels
6.6.5 Gear Steels
6.6.6 Alloy Tool Steels
6.6.7 High Speed Tool Steels
6.6.8 Stainless Steels
Problems
Chapter 7 Nonferrous Metals and Its Alloys
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Aluminum and Its Alloys
7.2.1 Aluminum Alloy Temper and Designation System
7.2.2 Aluminum Alloys and Their Characteristics
7.2.3 Precipitation Strengthening of Aluminum Alloys
7.2.4 Precipitation Strengthening of an A1-4% Cu Alloy
7.2.5 Aluminum Casting Alloys
7.3 Copper and Its Alloys
7.3.1 Introduction
7.3.2 Copper Alloys
7.4 Titanium and Its Alloys
7.4.1 Introduction
7.4.2 Pure Titanium
7.4.3 Titanium Alloy Systems and Phase Diagrams
7.4.4 Classification of Titanium Alloys
7.5 Magnesium and Its Alloys
7.5.1 Introduction
7.5.2 Classification of Magnesium Alloys
7.5.3 Structure and Properties
Problems
References
APPENDIX Ⅰ Definitions
APPENDIX Ⅱ Conversion Factors to SI Units
Fundamentals of materials science and engineering
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