Refactoring:improving the design of existing code

Chapter 1: Refactoring, a First Example 1
　The Starting Point　1
　The First Step in Refactoring　7
　Decomposing and Redistributing the Statement Method　8
　Replacing the Conditional Logic on Price Code with Polymorphism　34
　Final Thoughts　52
Chapter 2: Principles in Refactoring　53
　Defining Refactoring　53
　Why Should You Refactor　55
　When Should You Refactor　57
　What Do I Tell My Manager　60
　Problems with Refactoring　62
　Refactoring and Design　66
　Refactoring and Performance　69
　Where Did Refactoring Come From　71
Chapter 3: Bad Smells in Code (by Kent Beck and Martin Fowler)　75
　Duplicated Code　76
　Long Method　76
　Large Class　78
　Long Parameter List　78
　Divergent Change　79
　Shotgun Surgery　80
　Feature Envy　80
　Data Clumps　81
　Primitive Obsession　81
　Switch Statements　82
　Parallel Inheritance Hierarchies　83
　Lazy Class　83
　Speculative Generality　83
　Temporary Field　84
　Message Chains　84
　Middle Man　85
　Inappropriate Intimacy　85
　Alternative Classes with Different Interfaces　85
　Incomplete Library Class　86
　Data Class　86
　Refused Bequest　87
　Comments　87
Chapter 4: Building Tests　89
　The Value of Self-testing Code　89
　The JUnit Testing Framework　91
　Adding More Tests　97
Chapter 5: Toward a Catalog of Refactorings　103
　Format of the Refactorings　103
　Finding References　105
　How Mature Are These Refactorings　106
Chapter 6: Composing Methods　109
　Extract Method　110
　Inline Method　117
　Inline Temp　119
　Replace Temp with Query　120
　Introduce Explaining Variable　124
　Split Temporary Variable　128
　Remove Assignments to Parameters　131
　Replace Method with Method Object　135
　Substitute Algorithm　139
Chapter 7: Moving Features Between Objects　141
　Move Method　142
　Move Field　146
　Extract Class　149
　Inline Class　154
　Hide Delegate　157
　Remove Middle Man　160
　Introduce Foreign Method　162
　Introduce Local Extension　164
Chapter 8: Organizing Data　169
　Self Encapsulate Field　171
　Replace Data Value with Object　175
　Change Value to Reference　179
　Change Reference to Value　183
　Replace Array with Object　186
　Duplicate Observed Data　189
　Change Unidirectional Association to Bidirectional　197
　Change Bidirectional Association to Unidirectional　200
　Replace Magic Number with Symbolic Constant　204
　Encapsulate Field　206
　Encapsulate Collection　208
　Replace Record with Data Class　217
　Replace Type Code with Class　218
　Replace Type Code with Subclasses　223
　Replace Type Code with State/Strategy　227
　Replace Subclass with Fields　232
Chapter 9: Simplifying Conditional Expressions　237
　Decompose Conditional　238
　Consolidate Conditional Expression　240
　Consolidate Duplicate Conditional Fragments　243
　Remove Control Flag　245
　Replace Nested Conditional with Guard Clauses　250
　Replace Conditional with Polymorphism　255
　Introduce Null Object　260
　Introduce Assertion　267
Chapter 10: Making Method Calls Simpler　271
　Rename Method　273
　Add Parameter　275
　Remove Parameter　277
　Separate Query from Modifier　279
　Parameterize Method　283
　Replace Parameter with Explicit Methods　285
　Preserve Whole Object　288
　Replace Parameter with Method　292
　Introduce Parameter Object　295
　Remove Setting Method　300
　Hide Method　303
　Replace Constructor with Factory Method　304
　Encapsulate Downcast　308
　Replace Error Code with Exception　310
　Replace Exception with Test　315
Chapter 11: Dealing with Generalization　319
　Pull Up Field　320
　Pull Up Method　322
　Pull Up Constructor Body　325
　Push Down Method　328
　Push Down Field　329
　Extract Subclass　330
　Extract Superclass　336
　Extract Interface　341
　Collapse Hierarchy　344
　Form Template Method　345
　Replace Inheritance with Delegation　352
　Replace Delegation with Inheritance　355
Chapter 12: Big Refactorings (by Kent Beck and Martin Fowler)　359
　Tease Apart Inheritance　362
　Convert Procedural Design to Objects　368
　Separate Domain from Presentation　370
　Extract Hierarchy　375
Chapter 13: Refactoring, Reuse, and Reality (by William Opdyke)　379
　A Reality Check　380
　Why Are Developers Reluctant to Refactor Their Programs　381
　A Reality Check (Revisited)　394
　Resources and References for Refactoring　394
　Implications Regarding Software Reuse and Technology Transfer　395
　A Final Note　397
　References　397
Chapter 14: Refactoring Tools (by Don Roberts and John Brant)　401
　Refactoring with a Tool　401
　Technical Criteria for a Refactoring Tool　403
　Practical Criteria for a Refactoring Tool　405
　Wrap Up　407
Chapter 15: Putting It All Together (by Kent Beck)　409
References　413
List of Soundbites　417
Index　419