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Summary:
Publisher Summary 1
Wolf has 60 years of research and consulting experience in soil, plant, and water analysis and crop production. Snyder teaches soil and water science at the U. of Florida's Everglades Research and Education Center, Belle Glade, and has published and lectured extensively. They explore the factors affecting soil organic matter (SOM), the consequences of its loss including the effects of low SOM on crop production and the benefits of its increase. Methods are described for increasing SOM in a manner compatible with modern agriculture. For advanced students, growers, consultants, extension personal, and agricultural product sales personnel concerned with soils, crop production, agronomy, and horticulture. Annotation 漏2004 Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)
目录
Foreword p. ix
Preface p. xiii
Acknowledgment p. xix
Intensive Agriculture and Food Production p. 1
Problems with Intensive Agriculture p. 2
Correcting Problems Associated with Intensive Agriculture p. 3
Alternative Agriculture p. 8
Sustainable Agriculture p. 11
Sustainable Soil Science p. 12
Increasing Organic Matter, Sustainable Agriculture, and the Need for Inputs p. 15
Basic Concepts of Organic Matter p. 19
Decomposition of Organic Matter p. 19
SOM and Humus p. 23
Environmental Conditions Affecting Decomposition p. 26
Extent of Decomposition p. 33
Losses of SOM and Crop Yields p. 33
Increasing Soil Organic Matter p. 35
Negative Aspects of Organic Matter Additions p. 37
Organic Matter As a Source of Nutrients p. 45
Organic Matter and Nutrient Supply p. 46
Nutrients Released from Organic Matter p. 48
Nutrient Release p. 54
Indirect Effects of Organic Matter on Nutrient Availability p. 57
Accounting for Nutrients in Organic Matter p. 64
Physical Qualities p. 79
Soil Structure p. 80
Porosity p. 84
Bulk Density p. 91
Compaction p. 93
Infiltration and Percolation p. 95
Aggregate Stability p. 98
Moisture-Holding Capacity p. 99
Erosion p. 102
Biological Effects of Organic Matter p. 105
Soil Organisms and Their Functions p. 105
Processes Vital to Soil Health p. 118
Controlling Pests by Harnessing Soil Organisms and Organic Matter p. 125
Adding Organic Matter p. 137
Growing Organic Matter in Place p. 137
Plant Residues p. 162
Adding Organic Matter Not Grown in Place p. 169
Manure p. 170
Compost p. 178
Loamless Composts p. 183
Sewage Effluents and Biosolids p. 187
Peats p. 191
High-Analysis Animal and Other Wastes p. 192
Placement of Organic Matter p. 199
Incorporating OM p. 199
Plastic Mulch p. 200
Natural Organic Mulches p. 201
Types of Natural Organic Mulch p. 205
Deleterious Effects of Organic Mulches p. 217
Providing Protection from Pests by Using Organic Mulches p. 224
Conservation Tillage p. 227
Increasing Soil Organic Matter p. 227
Other Benefits of Reduced Tillage p. 228
Reduction in Costs p. 234
No-Tillage p. 234
Reduced Tillage p. 237
Pest Problems with Conservation Tillage p. 241
Corrective Measures p. 246
Changes Brought About by Conservation Tillage p. 249
Cultural Methods p. 249
Fertility Changes p. 256
Pests p. 263
Plant Diseases p. 267
Nematodes p. 272
Weeds p. 273
Miscellaneous Pests p. 283
Putting It All Together: Combining Organic Matter Additions with Conservation Tillage p. 285
Basic Approaches p. 285
Adding Organic Matter p. 288
Supplying Needed Nutrients p. 297
Controlling Pests p. 298
Adding Water p. 305
Equipment for Conservation Tillage p. 307
Summary p. 313
Common and Botanical Names of Plants p. 319
Abbreviations and Symbols Used in This Book p. 327
Useful Conversion Factors and Data p. 331
Bibliography p. 335
Index p. 347
Preface p. xiii
Acknowledgment p. xix
Intensive Agriculture and Food Production p. 1
Problems with Intensive Agriculture p. 2
Correcting Problems Associated with Intensive Agriculture p. 3
Alternative Agriculture p. 8
Sustainable Agriculture p. 11
Sustainable Soil Science p. 12
Increasing Organic Matter, Sustainable Agriculture, and the Need for Inputs p. 15
Basic Concepts of Organic Matter p. 19
Decomposition of Organic Matter p. 19
SOM and Humus p. 23
Environmental Conditions Affecting Decomposition p. 26
Extent of Decomposition p. 33
Losses of SOM and Crop Yields p. 33
Increasing Soil Organic Matter p. 35
Negative Aspects of Organic Matter Additions p. 37
Organic Matter As a Source of Nutrients p. 45
Organic Matter and Nutrient Supply p. 46
Nutrients Released from Organic Matter p. 48
Nutrient Release p. 54
Indirect Effects of Organic Matter on Nutrient Availability p. 57
Accounting for Nutrients in Organic Matter p. 64
Physical Qualities p. 79
Soil Structure p. 80
Porosity p. 84
Bulk Density p. 91
Compaction p. 93
Infiltration and Percolation p. 95
Aggregate Stability p. 98
Moisture-Holding Capacity p. 99
Erosion p. 102
Biological Effects of Organic Matter p. 105
Soil Organisms and Their Functions p. 105
Processes Vital to Soil Health p. 118
Controlling Pests by Harnessing Soil Organisms and Organic Matter p. 125
Adding Organic Matter p. 137
Growing Organic Matter in Place p. 137
Plant Residues p. 162
Adding Organic Matter Not Grown in Place p. 169
Manure p. 170
Compost p. 178
Loamless Composts p. 183
Sewage Effluents and Biosolids p. 187
Peats p. 191
High-Analysis Animal and Other Wastes p. 192
Placement of Organic Matter p. 199
Incorporating OM p. 199
Plastic Mulch p. 200
Natural Organic Mulches p. 201
Types of Natural Organic Mulch p. 205
Deleterious Effects of Organic Mulches p. 217
Providing Protection from Pests by Using Organic Mulches p. 224
Conservation Tillage p. 227
Increasing Soil Organic Matter p. 227
Other Benefits of Reduced Tillage p. 228
Reduction in Costs p. 234
No-Tillage p. 234
Reduced Tillage p. 237
Pest Problems with Conservation Tillage p. 241
Corrective Measures p. 246
Changes Brought About by Conservation Tillage p. 249
Cultural Methods p. 249
Fertility Changes p. 256
Pests p. 263
Plant Diseases p. 267
Nematodes p. 272
Weeds p. 273
Miscellaneous Pests p. 283
Putting It All Together: Combining Organic Matter Additions with Conservation Tillage p. 285
Basic Approaches p. 285
Adding Organic Matter p. 288
Supplying Needed Nutrients p. 297
Controlling Pests p. 298
Adding Water p. 305
Equipment for Conservation Tillage p. 307
Summary p. 313
Common and Botanical Names of Plants p. 319
Abbreviations and Symbols Used in This Book p. 327
Useful Conversion Factors and Data p. 331
Bibliography p. 335
Index p. 347
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