University fundamental physics.Vol.1

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作   者:张三慧编著

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ISBN:9787302196983

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简介

   The content of thio volume includes two parts: mechanics   and theory of heat. In the part of mechanics, the fundamental   concepts and principles, as Newton's laws of motion, Momentum and   angular momentum, work and energy, rotation and relativity. In   the part of theory of heat, temperature,the kinetic theory of   gases, the two laws of thermodynamics are introduced.    This Volume 1 together with Volume 2 cover all the   pedagogic requirements of physics course in colleges and   universities and hence can be used as textbooks of physics there.   They can also be used as pedagogic referenees by high school   teachers or as self-learning materials by other readers.   

目录

  PART 1 MECHANICS
   CHAPTER 1 KINEMATICS OF A PARTICLE
   1.1 Reference System
   1.2 Pbsition Vector, Displacement, and Velocity
   1.3 Acceleration
   1.4 One-dimensional Motion with Constant Acceleration
   1.5 Projectile Motion
   1.6 Circular Motion
   1.7 Relative Motion
   SUMMARY
   QUESTIONS
   PROBLEMS
   CHAPTER 2 NEWTON'S LAWS OF MOTION
   2.1 Laws of Motion
   2.2 Some Common Forces
   2.3 Applications of Newton's Laws
   2.4 Fundamental Forces of Nature
   2.5 Noninertial Frame of Reference and Inertial Force
   SUMMARY
   QUESTIONS
   PROBLEMS
   CHAPTER 3 MOMENTUM AND ANGULAR MOMEMTUM
   3.1 Impulse and Theorem of Momentum
   3.2 Theorem of Momentum for A System of Particles
   3.3 The Law of Conservation of Momentum
   3.4 Rocket
   3.5 Center of Mass
   3.6 The Theorem of Motion of CM
   3.7 Theorem of Angular Momentum for A Particle
   3.8 The Law of Conservation of Angular Momentum
   SUMMARY
   QUESTIONS
   PROBLEMS
   CHAPTER 4 WORK AND ENERGY
   4.1 Work
   4.2 The Theorem of Kinetic Energy
   4.3 Potential Energy
   4.4 Gravitational Potential Energy
   4.5 Finding Conservative Force from Potential Energy Function
   4.6 Law of Conservation of Mechanical Energy
   4.7 Significance of Conservation Laws
   4.8 Collision
   4.9 Steady flow of Fluids
   4.10 Bernoulli's Equation
   SUMMARY
   QUESTIONS
   PROBLEMS
   CHAPTER 5 ROTATION
   5.1 Description of Rotation
   5.2 The Law of Rotation
   5.3 Calculating Moment of Inertia
   5.4 Conservation of Angular Momentum in Rotation
   5.5 Work and Energy in Rotation
   SUMMARY
   QUESTIONS
   PROBLEMS
   CHAPTER 6 RELATIVITY
   6.1 Newtonian Principle of Relativity and Galilean Transformation
   6.2 Einstein's Two Postulates of Relativity
   6.3 Relativity of Simultaneity
   6.4 Time Dilation
   6.5 Length Contraction
   6.6 Lorentz Transformation
   6.7 Relativistic Velocity Transformation
   6.8 Relativistic Mass
   6.9 Relativistic Kinetic Energy
   6.10 Relativistic Energy
   6.11 Relation between Momentum and Energy
   *6.12 General Relativity
   SUMMARY
   QUESTIONS
   PROBLEMS
  PART2 THEORY OF HEAT
   CHAPTER 7 TEMPERATURE
   7.1 Equilibrium State
   7.2 Concept of Temperature
   7.3 Ideal Gas Temperature Scale
   7.4 Equation of State of an Ideal Gas
   SUMMARY
   QUESTIONS
   PROBLEMS
   CHAPTER 8 THE KINETIC THEORY OF GASES
   8.1 Random Motion of Gas Molecules
   8.2 Pressure of an Ideal Gas
   8.3 Microscopic Meaning of Temperature
   8.4 Equipartition Theorem of Energy
   8.5 Maxwell Speed Distribution Law
   8.6 Experimental Verification of Maxwell Speed Distribution Law
   8.7 Isotherms of Real Gases
   SUMMARY
   QUESTIONS
   PROBLEMS
   CHAPTER 9 THE FIRST LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS
   9.1 Work Heat the First Law of Thermodynamics
   9.2 Quasi-static Process
   9.3 Heat Capacity
   9.4 Adiabatic Process
   9.5 Cyclic Process
   9.6 Carnot Cycle
   9.7 Refrigeration Cycle
   SUMMARY
   QUESTIONS
   PROBLEMS
   CHAPTER 10 THE SECOND LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS
   10.1 Direction of Natural Processes
   10.2 Interdependence of Irreversibilities
   10.3 Second Law of Thermodynamics and Its MiCroscopic Meaning
   10.4 Thermodynamic Probability and the Direction of Natural Processes
   10.5 Boltzmann's Entropy Formula and the Principle of Entropy Increase
   10.6 Clausius Entropy Formula
   10.7 Entropy and Degradation of Energy
   SUMMARY
   QUESTIONS
   PROBLEMS
  DATA LIST
  ANSWERS TO ALL PROBLEMS
  INDEX
  

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