Introduction p. 1
A. From Darwin to the modern synthesis
Section introduction p. 7
1. Extract from an unpublished work on species, (1858) Charles Darwin p. 9
2. Abstract of a letter from C. Darwin, Esq., to Prof. Asa Gray, Boston, USA (1858) Charles Darwin p. 13
3. Weismann and modern biology, (1987) John Maynard Smith p. 15
4. The nature of inheritance (1930) R. A. Fisher p. 20
5. The roles of mutation, inbreeding, crossbreeding, and selection in evolution (1932) Sewall Wright p. 29
6. Disease and evolution (1949) J. B. S. Haldane p. 37
B. Natural selection and random drift in populations
Section introduction p. 44
7. A resume of investigations on the evolution of melanism in the Lepidoptera (1958) H. B. D. Kettlewell p. 49
8. Melanic morph frequency in the peppered moth in the Manchester area (1999) L. M. Cook and R. L. H. Dennis and G. S. Mani p. 53
9. Birth weight and gestation time in relation to maternal age, parity, and infant survival (1951) Mary N. Karn and L. S. Penrose p. 57
10. Natural selection associated with birth weight: towards the end of the stabilizing component (1992) L. Ulizzi and L. Terrenato p. 59
11. Oscillating selection on Darwin's finches (1987) H. Lisle Gibbs and Peter R. Grant p. 63
12. The paradox of variation (1974) R. C. Lewontin p. 67
13. Recent development of the neutral theory viewed from the Wrightian tradition of theoretical population genetics (1990) Motoo Kimura p. 75
C. Adaptation
Section introduction p. 82
14. The nature of adaptation (1930) R. A. Fisher p. 85
15. Adaptation and natural selection (1966) G. C. Williams p. 89
16. Adaptation versus selection in progress (1986) A. Grafen p. 91
17. An operational, nonhistorical definition of adaptation (1991) H. K. Reeve and P. W. Sherman p. 94
18. The genetics of adaptation: a reassessment (1992) H. Allen Orr and Jerry A. Coyne p. 96
19. The perfection of animals (1964) A. J. Cain p. 100
20. The spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian paradigm: a critique of the adaptationist programme (1979) S. J. Gould and R. C. Lewontin p. 114
21. The selfish gene (1976) Richard Dawkins p. 123
D. Speciation and biodiversity
Section introduction p. 131
22. Typological versus population thinking (1958) E. Mayr p. 134
23. Species concepts and their application (1963) E. Mayr p. 137
24. The sterility of hybrids (1859) Charles Darwin p. 147
25. Reproductive isolation as a product of genetic divergence and natural selection (1970) Theodosius Dobzhansky p. 151
26. Laboratory experiments on speciation: what have we learned in 40 years? (1993) William R. Rice and Ellen E. Hostert p. 155
27. The evolutionary genetics of speciation (2000) Jerry A. Coyne and H. Allen Orr p. 161
28. Ecological basis of postmating isolation (2000) Dolph Schluter p. 175
29. Hybrid speciation (1981) V. Grant p. 178
E. Macroevolution
Section introduction p. 182
30. Speciation in the fossil record (1995) Douglas H. Erwin and Robert L. Anstey p. 185
31. Homology: an unsolved problem (1971) Gavin de Beer p. 197
32 The ey gene (1996) Richard Dawkins p. 205
33. Molecules and morphology: where's the homology? (1995) W. J. Dickinson p. 207
34. The fundamental law of organic evolution (1905) E. Haeckel p. 211
35. Three poems (1951) W. Garstang p. 216
F. Evolutionary genomics
Section introduction p. 220
36. Lateral gene transfer and the nature of bacterial innovation (2000) Howard Ochman and Jeffrey G. Lawrence and Eduardo A. Groisman p. 221
37. The origins of genomic duplications in Arabidopsis (2000) Todd J. Vision and Daniel G. Brown and Steven D. Tanksley p. 231
38. Initial sequencing and analysis of the human genome (2001) p. 237
39. Genetics and the making of Homo sapiens (2003) Sean B. Carroll p. 244
40. Co-option of eye structures and genes (1996) R. A. Raff p. 249
41. Planetary biology--paleontological, geological, and molecular histories of life (2002) Steven A. Benner and M. Daniel Caraco and J. Michael Thomson and Eric A. Gaucher p. 250
G. The history of life
Section introduction p. 258
42. From chemistry to heredity (1999) John Maynard Smith and Eors Szathmary p. 259
43. Disparate rates, differing fates: tempo and mode of evolution changed from the Precambrian to the Phanerozoic (1994) J. William Schopf p. 265
44. Evolutionary explosions and the phylogenetic fuse (1998) Alan Cooper and Richard Fortey p. 275
45. Towards a new synthesis: major evolutionary trends in the angiosperm fossil record (2000) David Dilcher p. 284
H. Case studies
Section introduction p. 292
46. An unsolved problem of biology (1951) P. B. Medawar p. 293
47. The origin of the genetic code (1968) F. H. C. Crick p. 299
48. The maintenance of sex (1971) J. Maynard Smith p. 307
49. A caricature of seed dispersal by animal guts (1983) D. H. Janzen p. 310
50. A pessimistic estimate of the time required for an eye to evolve (1994) Dan-E. Nilsson and Susanne Pelger p. 317
51. Evolutionary novelty: the example of lactose synthetase (1997) John Gerhart and Mark Kirschner p. 326
52. The evolution of mutation rates: separating causes from consequences (2000) Paul D. Sniegowski and Philip J. Gerrish and Toby Johnson and Aaron Shaver p. 328
I. Human evolution
Section introduction p. 337
53. Immunological time scale for hominid evolution (1967) Vincent M. Sarich and Allan C. Wilson p. 340
54. Evolution at two levels in humans and chimpanzees (1975) Mary-Claire King and A. C. Wilson p. 345
55. Divergence between samples of chimpanzee and human DNA sequences is 5%, counting indels (2002) Roy J. Britten p. 350
56. Our load of mutations (1950) H. J. Muller p. 354
57. On the non-existence of human races (1962) Frank B. Livingstone p. 361
58. The scars of human evolution (1951) Wilton M. Krogman p. 363
59. The big bang (1994) Steven Pinker p. 368
J. Evolution and human affairs
Section introduction p. 383
60. Evolution's struggle for existence in America's public schools (2001) Michael F. Antolin and Joan M. Herbers p. 385
61. Nothing in biology makes sense except in the light of evolution (1973) Theodosius Dobzhansky p. 400
62. The argument from design (1779) David Hume p. 410
63. On the molecular theory of evolution (1974) J. L. Monod p. 412
64. Evolution and ethics (1893) Thomas Henry Huxley p. 418
65. Humans as the world's greatest evolutionary force (2001) Stephen R. Palumbi p. 421
Select bibliography p. 434
Biographical notes p. 437
Acknowledgements p. 441
Index p. 447