Advances in Agronomy. V.76 /
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ISBN:9780120007943
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简介
Volume 47 focuses on environmental quality and biotechnology. Four articles on soil science cover the effects of acidic deposition on forested soils, transport of chemicals through soil, transport and retention of inorganics in soils, and use of surface complexation models in soil chemical systems. Two articles on crop science survey crop variety fingerprinting, and the evolution of corn. For agronomists and biotechnologists in academe, industry, and government. Annotation c. by Book News, Inc., Portland, Or.
目录
Front Cover 1
Advances in Agronomy 4
Copyright Page 5
Contents 6
Contributors 8
Preface 10
Chapter 1. The Potential of Soils of the Tropics to Sequester Carbon and Mitigate the Greenhouse Effect 12
I. Introduction 13
II. Soil-Related Constraints to Biomass Production 14
III. Soil Degradation and Emission of Greenhouse Gases to the Atmosphere 18
IV. Soil Carbon Pool and Dynamics 21
V. Historic Loss of SOC Pool from Soils of the Tropics 24
VI. Need for Soil Restoration 25
VII. Strategies of Mitigating the Greenhouse Effect through Soil Carbon Sequestration 26
VIII. Potential of SOC Sequestration in the Tropics 28
IX. Dynamics of Soil Inorganic Carbon 34
X. Conclusions 35
References 36
Chapter 2. Applications of Crop/Soil Simulation Models in Tropical Agricultural Systems 42
I. Introduction 43
II. Applications of Models 44
III. The Way Forward 106
References 119
Chapter 3. Interorganismal Signaling in Suboptimum Environments: The Legume\u2013Rhizobia Symbiosis 136
I. Introduction 137
II. Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation and Soil Fertility 138
III. Principles of Legume Nodulation 139
IV. Legume Nodulation under Stressful Conditions 149
V. Legume Nodulation with Preactivated Rhizobium 157
VI. Commercial Products 161
References 164
Chapter 4. Surface Chemistry and Function of Microbial Biofilms 174
I. Introduction: Definition and Importance of Microbial Biofilms 175
II. The Microbial Biofilm as an Interfacial Boundary Regulating Solution Equilibrium 180
III. Features and Properties of the Biofilm Surface 188
IV Conclusion 204
References 205
Chapter 5. Crop Scheduling and Prediction\u2014Principles and Opportunities with Field Vegetables 212
I. Introduction 213
II. Identification of Distinct Stages and Phases of Growth and Development 216
III. Prediction of Duration of Developmental Phases for Given Temperature Regimes 217
IV. Additional Effects of Other Abiotic Factors on the Duration of Developmental Phases 224
V. Experimental Approaches to the Construction of Scheduling and Prediction Models 227
VI. The Accuracy of Measurement of Abiotic Factors 230
VII. Methods of Planning Production 233
VIII. Future Opportunities 239
IX. Concluding Comments 242
References 242
Index 246
Advances in Agronomy 4
Copyright Page 5
Contents 6
Contributors 8
Preface 10
Chapter 1. The Potential of Soils of the Tropics to Sequester Carbon and Mitigate the Greenhouse Effect 12
I. Introduction 13
II. Soil-Related Constraints to Biomass Production 14
III. Soil Degradation and Emission of Greenhouse Gases to the Atmosphere 18
IV. Soil Carbon Pool and Dynamics 21
V. Historic Loss of SOC Pool from Soils of the Tropics 24
VI. Need for Soil Restoration 25
VII. Strategies of Mitigating the Greenhouse Effect through Soil Carbon Sequestration 26
VIII. Potential of SOC Sequestration in the Tropics 28
IX. Dynamics of Soil Inorganic Carbon 34
X. Conclusions 35
References 36
Chapter 2. Applications of Crop/Soil Simulation Models in Tropical Agricultural Systems 42
I. Introduction 43
II. Applications of Models 44
III. The Way Forward 106
References 119
Chapter 3. Interorganismal Signaling in Suboptimum Environments: The Legume\u2013Rhizobia Symbiosis 136
I. Introduction 137
II. Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation and Soil Fertility 138
III. Principles of Legume Nodulation 139
IV. Legume Nodulation under Stressful Conditions 149
V. Legume Nodulation with Preactivated Rhizobium 157
VI. Commercial Products 161
References 164
Chapter 4. Surface Chemistry and Function of Microbial Biofilms 174
I. Introduction: Definition and Importance of Microbial Biofilms 175
II. The Microbial Biofilm as an Interfacial Boundary Regulating Solution Equilibrium 180
III. Features and Properties of the Biofilm Surface 188
IV Conclusion 204
References 205
Chapter 5. Crop Scheduling and Prediction\u2014Principles and Opportunities with Field Vegetables 212
I. Introduction 213
II. Identification of Distinct Stages and Phases of Growth and Development 216
III. Prediction of Duration of Developmental Phases for Given Temperature Regimes 217
IV. Additional Effects of Other Abiotic Factors on the Duration of Developmental Phases 224
V. Experimental Approaches to the Construction of Scheduling and Prediction Models 227
VI. The Accuracy of Measurement of Abiotic Factors 230
VII. Methods of Planning Production 233
VIII. Future Opportunities 239
IX. Concluding Comments 242
References 242
Index 246
Advances in Agronomy. V.76 /
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