简介
Summary:
Publisher Summary 1
Possible forged wills, confessions, ransom demands, and statements by victims or witnesses are among the texts that forensic linguists are typically asked to analyze. Olsson, a linguist and psychologist who has long worked with the police in Britain, presents a textbook for graduate or undergraduate students of the profession, to be used with or without other texts. It might also be of interest, he says, to law enforcement officers, legal professionals, and social scientists. No date is noted for the first edition. Annotation 漏2008 Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)
目录
Table Of Contents:
Introduction to the second edition vii
1 What is Forensic Linguistics? 1
Text types 1
Applied linguistics 3
A brief history of Forensic Linguistics 4
Conditions of authorship in police interviews 9
Authorship and disadvantage 9
The meanings of a word 10
Forensic phonetics 11
The meaning of legal words 11
When common words are also technical terms 12
Judges and juries 13
Linguists in court 13
Legal standards of expert evidence across the world 14
2 Previous authorship studies 17
Biblical authorship disputes 17
Shakespearian authorship disputes 18
Early scientific and statistical approaches 18
Later statistical studies 19
Text metrics and statistical techniques used in authorship identification 19
Authorship and the birth of forensic linguistics 20
Morton: Cusum analysis 21
Computational linguistics and forensic authorship attribution 23
Chapter conclusion 23
3 Individuals and language use 25
What is the linguistic fingerprint? 25
Language acquisition 27
Universal education and linguistic homogeneity 27
Section conclusion 28
Towards a theory of style 28
Genre and style 30
The 'linguistic fingerprint': a practical approach 31
Chapter conclusion 31
4 Variation 33
Authorship markers 35
The word the 35
Variation: general principles 39
Chapter conclusion 40
5 Authorship comparison 41
Plan of the chapter 41
Authorship 鈥?attribution, comparison or identification? 44
What is markedness? 45
Chaski's application of markedness 46
Markedness and authorship: a case history 48
Background to case 49
Application of 'markedness' 49
Judging your results 55
Further authorship testing 57
Analysis 58
Theoretical considerations 61
Chapter conclusion 62
6 Evidence in court 63
Legal requirements across the globe 63
7 Non-authorship cases 68
Contested diary entries 69
Method of analysis 70
Coherence 73
Cohesion 75
How not to inform: a case of medical disinformation 76
Case history 77
Investigating claims of memory for 'verbatimness' 82
Lawyer language 83
Memory for language 84
Generic quality of quoted wordings 84
Persuasive language 85
Section conclusion 85
An affront to justice: Prosecutor memo leads to abuse of process ruling 85
Introduction 85
The officers' statements 86
The memo 87
What the memo said 87
The analysis of the memo 87
The trial re-convened 89
The cross-examination 90
About 'abuse of process' 91
The ruling 92
The significance for forensic linguistics 92
8 Authorship profiling 94
The anthrax 'scare' 94
Style of printing 95
Lack of punctuation 96
Mix of large and small upper case letters 97
Familiarity with Roman alphabet? 97
Chapter conclusion 98
Discussion 99
9 Plagiarism 100
Direction of plagiarism 100
Margaret Canby and Helen Keller 101
Richard Condon and Robert Graves 104
Archibald Carey and Martin Luther King Jr 104
Readability scores 105
Types of text dating and sourcing 鈥?what plagiarists do with language 106
So, what do plagiarists do then? 108
A note on readability and plagiarism 108
10 Veracity in language 110
True or false? 111
The origins of statement analysis 111
Memory 111
Statement analysis in linguistics 112
Narrative analysis and report analysis 112
The structure of first person narratives 112
First person narratives 113
Principles of evaluating narrative 113
Methods of statement taking 114
Great Britain 114
United States 115
Categories in narrative 115
Categories of witness narratives: time 116
Marking-up: before you begin 117
Marking-up time 117
Categories of witness narratives: place 117
Marking-up place 119
Marking-up and text observation tips 119
Categories of witness narrative: sequence 119
Marking-up sequence 120
Categories of witness narrative: descriptions, superfluity 120
Marking-up: descriptions, superfluity 121
Categories of witness narrative: tense/aspect 122
Marking-up tense/aspect 122
Other categories 123
Chapter conclusion 123
Practice text 124
Endnote on statement analysis of reports 125
11 Forensic text types 128
Emergency calls 129
Emergency call model: a sketch 138
Sequence of details, implied information, conflict avoidance 139
Emergency calls: conclusion 140
Ransom demands and other threat texts 141
Hate mail 143
Conclusion 146
Suicide Letters 146
Final death row statements 149
Confessions and denials of public persons 153
12 Forensic phonetics 155
How do we recognize voices? 157
Memory for voices and voice line-ups 158
Notes on transcription 160
Summary of transcription types 161
Transcription of disputed utterances 161
How sound travels 162
What is a spectrogram? 166
Another disputed utterance 168
Sources of auditory confusion 169
Could a speaker say 'Ronnie' when he/she meant 'Ernie'? 170
Anatomy of spectrograms 172
Speech signal enhancement 178
Prevention and techniques 179
Voice comparison 180
Types of voice 181
How the voice works 181
Human hearing 183
Electronic recording devices and human pitch ranges 184
Effects on formant values in (mobile) phones 184
Sample length and phoneme stock 185
Ethical considerations in forensic phonetic analysis 186
Chapter conclusion 187
13 Notes on forensic transcription 188
The text is the evidence 188
Some general notes on transcription 189
What kinds of transcription are there? 190
Transcribing audio recordings 192
Transcription of written language 193
Appendices 195
Notes 244
Bibliography 246
Index 252
Introduction to the second edition vii
1 What is Forensic Linguistics? 1
Text types 1
Applied linguistics 3
A brief history of Forensic Linguistics 4
Conditions of authorship in police interviews 9
Authorship and disadvantage 9
The meanings of a word 10
Forensic phonetics 11
The meaning of legal words 11
When common words are also technical terms 12
Judges and juries 13
Linguists in court 13
Legal standards of expert evidence across the world 14
2 Previous authorship studies 17
Biblical authorship disputes 17
Shakespearian authorship disputes 18
Early scientific and statistical approaches 18
Later statistical studies 19
Text metrics and statistical techniques used in authorship identification 19
Authorship and the birth of forensic linguistics 20
Morton: Cusum analysis 21
Computational linguistics and forensic authorship attribution 23
Chapter conclusion 23
3 Individuals and language use 25
What is the linguistic fingerprint? 25
Language acquisition 27
Universal education and linguistic homogeneity 27
Section conclusion 28
Towards a theory of style 28
Genre and style 30
The 'linguistic fingerprint': a practical approach 31
Chapter conclusion 31
4 Variation 33
Authorship markers 35
The word the 35
Variation: general principles 39
Chapter conclusion 40
5 Authorship comparison 41
Plan of the chapter 41
Authorship 鈥?attribution, comparison or identification? 44
What is markedness? 45
Chaski's application of markedness 46
Markedness and authorship: a case history 48
Background to case 49
Application of 'markedness' 49
Judging your results 55
Further authorship testing 57
Analysis 58
Theoretical considerations 61
Chapter conclusion 62
6 Evidence in court 63
Legal requirements across the globe 63
7 Non-authorship cases 68
Contested diary entries 69
Method of analysis 70
Coherence 73
Cohesion 75
How not to inform: a case of medical disinformation 76
Case history 77
Investigating claims of memory for 'verbatimness' 82
Lawyer language 83
Memory for language 84
Generic quality of quoted wordings 84
Persuasive language 85
Section conclusion 85
An affront to justice: Prosecutor memo leads to abuse of process ruling 85
Introduction 85
The officers' statements 86
The memo 87
What the memo said 87
The analysis of the memo 87
The trial re-convened 89
The cross-examination 90
About 'abuse of process' 91
The ruling 92
The significance for forensic linguistics 92
8 Authorship profiling 94
The anthrax 'scare' 94
Style of printing 95
Lack of punctuation 96
Mix of large and small upper case letters 97
Familiarity with Roman alphabet? 97
Chapter conclusion 98
Discussion 99
9 Plagiarism 100
Direction of plagiarism 100
Margaret Canby and Helen Keller 101
Richard Condon and Robert Graves 104
Archibald Carey and Martin Luther King Jr 104
Readability scores 105
Types of text dating and sourcing 鈥?what plagiarists do with language 106
So, what do plagiarists do then? 108
A note on readability and plagiarism 108
10 Veracity in language 110
True or false? 111
The origins of statement analysis 111
Memory 111
Statement analysis in linguistics 112
Narrative analysis and report analysis 112
The structure of first person narratives 112
First person narratives 113
Principles of evaluating narrative 113
Methods of statement taking 114
Great Britain 114
United States 115
Categories in narrative 115
Categories of witness narratives: time 116
Marking-up: before you begin 117
Marking-up time 117
Categories of witness narratives: place 117
Marking-up place 119
Marking-up and text observation tips 119
Categories of witness narrative: sequence 119
Marking-up sequence 120
Categories of witness narrative: descriptions, superfluity 120
Marking-up: descriptions, superfluity 121
Categories of witness narrative: tense/aspect 122
Marking-up tense/aspect 122
Other categories 123
Chapter conclusion 123
Practice text 124
Endnote on statement analysis of reports 125
11 Forensic text types 128
Emergency calls 129
Emergency call model: a sketch 138
Sequence of details, implied information, conflict avoidance 139
Emergency calls: conclusion 140
Ransom demands and other threat texts 141
Hate mail 143
Conclusion 146
Suicide Letters 146
Final death row statements 149
Confessions and denials of public persons 153
12 Forensic phonetics 155
How do we recognize voices? 157
Memory for voices and voice line-ups 158
Notes on transcription 160
Summary of transcription types 161
Transcription of disputed utterances 161
How sound travels 162
What is a spectrogram? 166
Another disputed utterance 168
Sources of auditory confusion 169
Could a speaker say 'Ronnie' when he/she meant 'Ernie'? 170
Anatomy of spectrograms 172
Speech signal enhancement 178
Prevention and techniques 179
Voice comparison 180
Types of voice 181
How the voice works 181
Human hearing 183
Electronic recording devices and human pitch ranges 184
Effects on formant values in (mobile) phones 184
Sample length and phoneme stock 185
Ethical considerations in forensic phonetic analysis 186
Chapter conclusion 187
13 Notes on forensic transcription 188
The text is the evidence 188
Some general notes on transcription 189
What kinds of transcription are there? 190
Transcribing audio recordings 192
Transcription of written language 193
Appendices 195
Notes 244
Bibliography 246
Index 252
- 名称
- 类型
- 大小
光盘服务联系方式: 020-38250260 客服QQ：4006604884
云图客服：
用户发送的提问，这种方式就需要有位在线客服来回答用户的问题，这种 就属于对话式的,问题是这种提问是否需要用户登录才能提问
Video Player
×
Audio Player
×
pdf Player
×
