Economic studies on food, agriculture, and the environment /

Table Of Contents:
FOOD, NUTRITION & QUALITY

Differing U.S. and European Perspectives on GMOs 3(12)

C. Ford Runge

Gian Luca Bagnara

Lee Ann Jackson

Historical and Cultural Differences 4(3)

GMO Labeling Controversy in U.S. - European Trade 7(3)

Trade and Harmonization 10(2)

Conclusion 12(1)

References 12(3)

The Italian Legislation on Intellectual Property Rights Related with GMOs 15(8)

Eleonora Sirsi

Premise 15(1)

EU Directive 44/98 and Patenting System 16(1)

The EU Directive 44/98 17(4)

Requirements of patentability. Gene sequences 17(1)

The patentability of transgenic plants 18(1)

``Essentially biological process'' and ``microbiological process'' 18(1)

The contravention of ``ordre public'' 19(1)

The farmer's privilege 20(1)

Description and licences 20(1)

Conclusion 21(1)

References 21(2)

Child Nutrition and Economic Growth in Vietnam in the 1990s 23(24)

Paul Glewwe

Stefanie Koch

Bui Linh Nguyen

Introduction 23(1)

Child Nutrition and Economic Growth in Vietnam in the 1990s 24(6)

Data and Analytical Framework 30(3)

Income Growth and Child Nutrition 33(11)

Summary and Conclusion 44(1)

References 44(3)

Large Scale Retailers and Diffusion in the Agri-Food System of the ISO 9000 Certified Quality Management System 47(10)

Maurizio Canavari

Roberta Spadoni

Domenico Regazzi

Federica Giacomazzi

Introduction and Objectives 47(1)

Method of Analysis 48(1)

Results 49(4)

Retail chains types 50(1)

Request for ``controlled'' products 50(1)

ISO 9000 certification 51(2)

Final Remarks 53(2)

References 55(2)

Vertical Coordination and the Design Process for Supply Chains to Ensure Food Quality 57(34)

Luciano Venturini

Robert P. King

Introduction 57(1)

The Concept of Food Quality and Mechanisms for Food Quality Assurance 58(2)

Examples of Emerging Supply Chains for Agricultural Products 60(11)

A branded product supply chain - Sourcing wheat for Wheaties breakfast cereal 60(2)

A genetics-based supply chain - LoSatSoy™ oil supply chain 62(2)

A production practice-based supply chain - Organic dry beans 64(1)

Retailer-led supply chains - Private Label beef in the U.K. 65(2)

A Protected Denomination of Origin product - The Parmesan cheese supply chain 67(2)

Products produced under a national Quality Assurance System - Label Rouge poultry 69(2)

Conceptual Tools for Supply Chain Analysis and Design 71(12)

Transaction cost economics 71(4)

Agency theory 75(2)

Property rights theory 77(3)

Resource and capability theory 80(3)

Concluding Remarks 83(2)

References 85(6)
LAND & RESOURCE ASSESSMENT

Water Scarcity: Institutional Change, Water Markets, and Privatization 91(26)

Cesare Dosi

K. William Easter

Introduction 91(1)

Water Scarcity and Social Capital 92(1)

Improving Water Management through Institutional Changes 93(9)

Institutional changes: objectives and constraints 94(1)

Water markets 95(1)

Privatization of water services 96(3)

Regulatory issues 99(2)

The intersection of markets and privatization 101(1)

US and EU: Experience and On-going Developments 102(10)

The U.S. experience with privatization and markets in the public water sector 102(5)

The European Union 107(5)

Final Remarks 112(2)

References 114(3)

Evaluation of the Recreational Uses of Rural Land: A Case Study 117(16)

Guido Maria Bazzani

Davide Viaggi

Giacomo Zanni

Introduction 117(1)

Demand, Supply, and Policies for Recreational Services Produced by Agriculture 118(4)

Methodology 122(1)

Results of the Survey 123(3)

Relationships with Agro-environmental Policies 126(3)

Discussion 129(1)

References 130(3)

The Value of Licenses for Recreational Use of Natural Resources 133(20)

Michele Moretto

Paolo Rosato

Introduction 134(1)

The Model 135(6)

The value of the license 137(1)

The value of the option to purchase the license 138(1)

Optimal purchase time 139(2)

The Optimal Duration of the License 141(6)

The trade-off between cost and duration of the license 144(3)

Conclusions 147(1)

Appendix 148(3)

References 151(2)

Analysis of Land Prices Under Uncertainty: A Real Option Valuation Approach 153(18)

Glenn D. Pederson

Tamar Khitarishvili

Introduction 153(5)

Land pricing literature 154(4)

Real Option Value of Land 158(1)

A Model 159(4)

The Dynamic Programming solution 160(3)

Data 163(1)

Parameters 163(1)

Results 164(3)

Sensitivity to initial net cash flow 165(1)

Sensitivity to hurdle rate 165(1)

Sensitivity to growth rate 166(1)

Sensitivity to volatility of net cash rent 166(1)

Conclusions 167(1)

References 168(3)
AGRICULTURE & RURAL DEVELOPMENT

Assessing Strategic Programs for Sustainable Local Development: A Case Study 171(14)

Stefano Stanghellini

Tecla Mambelli

Introduction 172(1)

The Assessment of Sustainability and Feasibility in Regional Renewal Projects 172(1)

The Role of Evaluation in Programs for Urban Renewal and Sustainable Regional Development 173(3)

Case Study: The Sustainable Transformation of Complex Area around Forli's Railway Hub 176(5)

Goals and methodology 176(1)

Description of the renewal alternatives for the railway area 176(2)

Identification of the community groups involved and their sectional goals 178(1)

The assessment of the the economic, environmental, and social effects 179(1)

The evaluation of sectional preferences 180(1)

Conclusions 181(1)

References 182(3)

Reinterpreting Structural Change in U.S. Agriculture 185(16)

Philip M. Raup

Introduction 185(1)

A Prelude to Specialization in Agricultural Production 186(1)

The Rise of Specialization in Animal Production 186(3)

Specialization and Concentration in Field Crops 189(3)

Specialization, Concentration, and Land Tenure 192(5)

What is Changing the Family Farm 197(4)

Risk Management: from the Researcher to the Farmer 201(18)

Vernon Eidman

Kent Olson

Introduction 202(1)

Research on Risk Management 202(2)

Alternative Strategies for Farmers to Deal with Risk 204(9)

Institutional instruments 205(4)

Management alternatives 209(2)

Strategy development 211(2)

Extension Educational Program Content 213(1)

Farmers Reported Use of Risk Management Strategies 214(2)

Implications 216(2)

References 218(1)

New Paradigms in Rural Development: Some Lessons from the Italian Experience 219(22)

Donato Romano

The Evolution of Rural Development Policy in the EU 220(1)

Economic Development: The Italian Experience 220(2)

Alternative Paradigms for Rural Development Analysis: Sectoral vs. Regional/Local Approaches 222(2)

Local Development Systems: The Contribution of the Italian Industrial Economics School to Development Theory 224(1)

Are There ``Rural'' Local Development Systems? 225(2)

How Many Agricultures Are There? 227(2)

How Do RLDSs Change? 229(5)

Different typologies of RLDSs transformations 230(2)

Critical points of agricultural change dynamics 232(2)

Consequences of Adopting the Regional/local Approach for the Analysis of Rural Development 234(4)

From static to dynamic competition: the concept of milieu innovateur 234(2)

Consequences for RLDSs policy design 236(2)

References 238(3)

Principles of Rural Tourism Development 241(14)

William C. Gartner

Introduction 241(1)

What is Rural? 242(1)

Transportation 243(1)

Distribution Systems 244(2)

Technology 246(1)

Human Resources 247(1)

Development Orientation 248(1)

Market Trends 249(1)

Case Study 250(1)

References 251(4)
ENVIRONMENT & MARKETS

Market-Based Mechanisms for Environmental Improvement 255(14)

Jay S. Coggins

Paolo Rosato

Introduction 255(2)

Basics of Market-Based Instruments 257(4)

A Sampling of Permit-Trading Schemes 261(3)

Pollution taxes 261(1)

User charges 262(1)

Permit-trading systems 262(2)

The U.S. Sulphur Dioxide Experience 264(2)

Conclusions 266(1)

References 267(2)

Evaluating Sustainability in Planning and Design 269(12)

Patrizia L. Lombardi

Introduction 269(1)

Evaluation Methods in Planning and Design 270(3)

Ex ante evaluation methods 270(1)

Ex post and monitoring approaches 271(1)

Main limitation of current evaluation approaches 272(1)

Development of a Holistic Framework for Decision Making 273(3)

The theory underpinning the Framework 273(1)

Toward a multimodal framework 274(2)

The final framework 276(1)

Conclusion 276(2)

References 278(3)

Transfer of Development Rights: An Innovative Approach to Urban and Regional Management in Italy 281(12)

Ezio Micelli

Introduction 281(1)

The Tools for Spatial Externalities Regulation 282(2)

Development Rights Markets to Manage Plans in Italy: Strategies and Experiences 284(3)

TDR and Traditional Planning: the Coordination of command-and-control and Market-Based Tools to Manage Plans 287(3)

Conclusion 290(1)

References 290(3)

Transformation of Recreational Environmental Goods and Services Provided By Agriculture and Forestry into Recreational Environmental Products 293(22)

Maurizio Merlo

Introduction 293(5)

Mandatory regulatory tools 294(2)

Financial-economic voluntary tools 296(1)

Market tools 297(1)

Theoretical Background for Transformation of ERGs into RE-Products 298(2)

The continuum from public to private goods: mixed cases 298(1)

The marketability of ERGSs and RE-Products 299(1)

The List of Case Studies (ERGSs) and the Typology of RE-Products 300(1)

Empirical Evidence of Transformation/Development: Institutional Changes and Management and Marketing Techniques 301(8)

Quantification of excludability and rivalry 301(1)

The state of ERGSs (and potential RE-Products) before transformation 302(1)

The state of RE-Products (previously ERGSs) after transformation 303(3)

Mechanisms of transformation/development 306(3)

Links between RE-Products and Regional/Local Conditions during the Transformation/Development 309(2)

Reference to country case studies 309(1)

Towards a synthesis of transformation/development paths 310(1)

Conclusions 311(2)

References 313(2)

Integrating Prediction Models, Evaluation Methodologies, and GIS: The Assessment of Agriculture-Environment Relationships in the Trasimeno Watershed 315(14)

Paolo Abbozzo

Antonio Boggia

Francesco Pennacchi

Introduction 316(1)

Agricultural, Rural, and Environmental Policies 316(1)

Step 1: Economic and Environmental Evaluation at Crop and Farm Level 317(3)

Step 2: Comparison between Results: a Multicriteria Assessment 320(2)

Step 3: The Scenarios at Watershed Level Assessment 322(2)

Land Vulnerability and Environmental Risk from Agriculture: a GIS-Based System 324(1)

Conclusions 325(2)

References 327(2)

The Application of Reg. 2078/1992 in the Province of Vicenza 329(10)

Tiziano Tempesta

Mara Thiene

Introduction 329(1)

The Level of Implementation of E.U. Reg.2078192 330(4)

Farmers Attitudes towards E.U. Reg.2078192 334(2)

Conclusion 336(1)

References 337(2)

Application of Agro-Environmental Programs in Emilia-Romagna Region 339(16)

Guido Maria Bazzani

Alessandro Ragazzoni

Davide Viaggi

Introduction 340(1)

The Application of Agro-environmental Measures in Italy 340(6)

Legislative aspects 340(3)

Applied aspects 343(3)

Auctions and Agro-environmental Contracts 346(1)

The Model 347(3)

First Results 350(2)

Discussion 352(1)

References 353(2)

A Decision Support System for the Economic-Environmental Assessment of Crop Production 355(6)

Guido Maria Bazzani

Paolo Caggiati

Carlo Pirazzoli

Introduction 356(1)

Methodological Aspects 356(2)

The Software 358(1)

Future Prospects 358(2)

References 360(1)

Traffic Noise and Housing Values 361(7)

Giuliano Marella

Paolo Rosato

Introduction 361(1)

Noise and Housing Value 362(2)

The Case Study: Ferrara Historical Center 364(3)

The data 364(2)

The model 366(1)

Concluding Remarks 367(1)

References 368