简介
After its heyday in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century, naturalism, a genre that typically depicts human beings as the product of biological and environmental forces over which they have little control, was supplanted by modernism, a genre in which writers experimented with innovations in form and content. In the last decade, the movement is again attracting spirited scholarly debate.The Oxford Handbook of American Literary Naturalismtakes stock of the best new research in the field through collecting twenty-eight original essays drawing upon recent scholarship in literary and cultural studies. The contributors offer an authoritative and in-depth reassessment of writers from Stephen Crane, Frank Norris, Theodore Dreiser, and Jack London to Kate Chopin, Edith Wharton, Ernest Hemingway, Richard Wright, John Steinbeck, Joyce Carol Oates, and Cormac McCarthy. One set of essays focus on the genre itself, exploring the historical contexts that gave birth to it, the problem of definition, its interconnections with other genres, the scientific and philosophical ideas that motivate naturalist authors, and the continuing presence of naturalism in twenty-first century fiction. Others examine the tensions within the genre-the role of women and African-American writers, depictions of sexuality, the problem of race, and the critique of commodity culture and class. A final set of essays looks beyond the works to consider the role of the marketplace in the development of naturalism, the popular and critical response to the works, and the influence of naturalism in the other arts.
目录
Contributors p. ix
Introduction: The Naturalistic Imagination and the Aesthetics of Excess Keith Newlin p. 3
Part I Contexts
1 Romancing the Machine: American Naturalism in Transatlantic Context Zena Meadowsong p. 21
2 The Response to Power in American Literary Naturalism: Visions and Revisions that Transformed a Narrative Mode Richard Lehan p. 37
3 Nature in Naturalism Bert Bender p. 52
Part II Naturalism and Genre
4 Defining American Literary Naturalism Eric Carl Link p. 71
5 Sand in Your Mouth: Naturalism and Other Genres June Howard p. 92
6 The Documentary Strategies of Naturalism Keith Newlin p. 104
Part III The Scientific and Philosophic Background
7 Determinism, Free Will, and Moral Responsibility in American Literary Naturalism Ian F. Roberts p. 121
8 么First Principles of Morals枚: Evolutionary Morality and American Naturalism Rick Armstrong p. 139
9 Naturalism and Religion Steven Frye p. 154
10 Things Fall Apart: Degeneration and Atavism in American Literary Naturalism Gina M. Rossetti p. 172
11 American Literary Naturalism and Psychology Stephen C. Brennan p. 182
12 American Naturalism and Modern Evolutionary Psychology Jeff P. Turpin p. 203
Part IV Naturalist Tensions
13 Women Writers and Naturalism Donna M. Campbell p. 223
14 American Literary Naturalism and Sexuality Linda Kornasky p. 241
15 African American Writers and Naturalism John Dudley p. 257
16 Race and Naturalism in the Short Fiction of Norris, Crane, and London Jeanne Campbell Reesman p. 274
17 Naturalism and Commodity Culture Mary E. Papke p. 291
18 Naturalism and Class Jude Davies p. 307
19 The Grotesque City, the City of Excess, and the City of Exile James R. Giles p. 322
20 Naturalism and Crime Gary Scharnhorst p. 339
Part V Naturalism and the Marketplace
21 Naturalist Authors and the American Literary Marketplace Charles Johanningsmeier p. 357
22 Consolation, Affirmation, and Convention: The Popular Reception of American Naturalist Texts Carol S. Loranger p. 373
23 Editing Naturalism Kevin J. Hayes p. 389
24 Refashioning American Literary Naturalism: Critical Trends at the Turn of the Twenty-First Century Christophe Den Tandt p. 404
Part VI Naturalism and the Other Arts
25 Sad Endings and Negative Heroes: The Naturalist Tradition in American Drama Robert M. Dowling p. 427
26 Naturalism and Poetry Chris Beyers p. 445
27 Naturalism and the Visual Arts Donald Pizer p. 463
28 American Literary Naturalism and Film Noir Jeff Jaeckle p. 483
Index p. 499
Introduction: The Naturalistic Imagination and the Aesthetics of Excess Keith Newlin p. 3
Part I Contexts
1 Romancing the Machine: American Naturalism in Transatlantic Context Zena Meadowsong p. 21
2 The Response to Power in American Literary Naturalism: Visions and Revisions that Transformed a Narrative Mode Richard Lehan p. 37
3 Nature in Naturalism Bert Bender p. 52
Part II Naturalism and Genre
4 Defining American Literary Naturalism Eric Carl Link p. 71
5 Sand in Your Mouth: Naturalism and Other Genres June Howard p. 92
6 The Documentary Strategies of Naturalism Keith Newlin p. 104
Part III The Scientific and Philosophic Background
7 Determinism, Free Will, and Moral Responsibility in American Literary Naturalism Ian F. Roberts p. 121
8 么First Principles of Morals枚: Evolutionary Morality and American Naturalism Rick Armstrong p. 139
9 Naturalism and Religion Steven Frye p. 154
10 Things Fall Apart: Degeneration and Atavism in American Literary Naturalism Gina M. Rossetti p. 172
11 American Literary Naturalism and Psychology Stephen C. Brennan p. 182
12 American Naturalism and Modern Evolutionary Psychology Jeff P. Turpin p. 203
Part IV Naturalist Tensions
13 Women Writers and Naturalism Donna M. Campbell p. 223
14 American Literary Naturalism and Sexuality Linda Kornasky p. 241
15 African American Writers and Naturalism John Dudley p. 257
16 Race and Naturalism in the Short Fiction of Norris, Crane, and London Jeanne Campbell Reesman p. 274
17 Naturalism and Commodity Culture Mary E. Papke p. 291
18 Naturalism and Class Jude Davies p. 307
19 The Grotesque City, the City of Excess, and the City of Exile James R. Giles p. 322
20 Naturalism and Crime Gary Scharnhorst p. 339
Part V Naturalism and the Marketplace
21 Naturalist Authors and the American Literary Marketplace Charles Johanningsmeier p. 357
22 Consolation, Affirmation, and Convention: The Popular Reception of American Naturalist Texts Carol S. Loranger p. 373
23 Editing Naturalism Kevin J. Hayes p. 389
24 Refashioning American Literary Naturalism: Critical Trends at the Turn of the Twenty-First Century Christophe Den Tandt p. 404
Part VI Naturalism and the Other Arts
25 Sad Endings and Negative Heroes: The Naturalist Tradition in American Drama Robert M. Dowling p. 427
26 Naturalism and Poetry Chris Beyers p. 445
27 Naturalism and the Visual Arts Donald Pizer p. 463
28 American Literary Naturalism and Film Noir Jeff Jaeckle p. 483
Index p. 499
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