Common Questions about Chinese Culture:A Handbook for Tourists

茶与饮茶TeaandTeadrinking
1.关于中国茶的由来有什么传说? WhatarethelegendaryoriginsofteainChina?
2.茶最初的功能是什么? Whatwasthefunctionoftheteawhenitwasfirstused?
3.饮茶的习惯源于什么地方? Historically,where did the habitoftea drinking comefrom?
4.唐朝饮茶有些什么习惯? WhatwasthefashionofteadrinkingintheTangDynasty?
5.你对唐代以后茶的生产和饮茶习惯了解多少? Whatisthehistoryofteaproductionandteadrinkingafter theTangDynasty?
6.英文单词“tea”是怎样出现的?WhatisthederivationofEnglishword“tea”?
7.红茶与绿茶的主要区别是什么? Whatarethemaindifferencesbetweenblackteaandgreentea?
8.什么是乌龙茶? Whatiswulongtea?
9.你知道如何选茶叶吗? Whatisthewaytoselecttea?
10.有需要准备茶的特别场合吗? Aretherespecialcircumstancesinwhichteaisprepared?
11.你知道如何泡茶吗? DoyouknowhowtobrewChinesetea?
12.成都有许多茶馆吗? AretheremanyteahousesinChengdu?
13.茶馆里主要使用的是什么茶具? Whatutensilsaremainlyusedforteadrinkinginteahous-es?
14.什么是茶博士? WhatistheTeaServiceMaster?
中国烹调ChineseCuisine
1.你对中国烹调有什么认识? HowdoyouthinkofChinesecuisine?
2.汉代以前烹调发展的概况是怎样的? Whatchangesin cookinghappened in theHan Dynastyandfurtherperiods?
3.魏晋南北朝到清朝烹调发展的概况是怎样的?
4.辣椒是中国自古就有的吗? WasredpepperalocalproductinancientChina?
5.中国烹调注重菜的“型”和“味道”吗? DoesChinesecuisinepayattentiontotheappearanceandtasteofdishes?
6.中国烹调注重“火候”吗? DoesChinesecuisinepayattentiontothefiretemperature?
7.中国主要地域菜系是怎样划分的? WhataremainregionalcuisineinChina?
8.你对山东菜系知道多少? HowmuchdoyouknowaboutShandongcuisine?
9.你对粤菜系知道多少? HowmuchdoyouknowaboutCantonesecuisine?
10.你对扬州菜系知道多少? HowmuchdoyouknowaboutYangzhoucuisine?
11.你对川菜系了解多少? WhatarecharacteristicsofSichuancuisine?
12.你能告诉我一些四川名菜吗? WhataresomefamousSichuandishes?
13.你能告诉我一些四川名小吃吗? WhataresomefamousSichuansnackdishes?
14.什么是火锅? WhatisHotpot?
15.什么是传统形式的饭和菜? Whataretraditionalformsofthefanandcai?
16.宴会的一般程序是什么? Whatistheusualprocessofabanquet?
17.在正式的宴会中,来宾和主人的座次应如何安排? Howaretheguestsandhostseatedforaformaldinner?
18.怎样理解中国人的热情好客? WhatarecharacteristicsofChinesehospitality?
19.筷子有什么特点? Whatarethecharacteristicsofchopsticks?
中国酒AlcoholicDrinksinChina
1.汉字“酒”在英文中的含义是什么? WhatisthemeaningofjiuinEnglish?
2.中国古代酿酒由来的传说有哪些? Whataresomelegendsabouttheoriginofalcoholicbever-agesinancientChina?
3.考古资料能够佐证酿酒的起源吗? WhatisarchaeologicalevidenceconcerningtheoriginsofbrewingalcoholicbeveragesinancientChina?
4.汉代传说中的故事和“汉砖”讲了关于饮酒酿酒的一些什么事情? Whatisknownaboutthedrinkingandbrewingofalcohol-icsfrom legendarystoriesandtheHanBricksoftheHanDynasty?
5.果酒和乳酒是古代中国第一代饮料酒吗? Wasthefruitwineandmilkwinethefirstgenerationofal-coholicbeveragebrewage?
6.我国最古老的谷物酒叫什么名字? WhatisthenameoftheearliestgrainwineinChina?
7.我国酿酒技术经历了哪些发展? HowdidthetechnologyofbrewingalcoholevolveinChi- na?
8.在中国历史上谁最早提出禁酒? Whofirstraisedaprohibitionagainstalcoholicdrinks?
9.生产白酒的主要原料是什么? WhatistheprincipalingredientforstrongclearliquorsinChina?
10.现在中国人如何饮酒?
11.在正式的餐会上中国人使用哪几种饮料? WhatkindofbeveragesdoesaChinesehostserveatafor-malmeal?
12.你能告诉我几句李白写的饮酒诗吗? WouldyoupleaseintroducesomepoemswrittenbyLiBaionwinedrinking?
13.你能告诉我几句杜甫写的饮酒诗吗? Would you pleaseintroduceoneofthe drinking poemswrittenbyDuFu?
14.你能告诉我几句苏东坡写的饮酒诗吗? WouldyoupleaseintroducesomedrinkingpoemswrittenbySuDongpo?
15.你能告诉我部分名酒的情况吗? Whatarethecharacteristicsofsomefamouswinesorliq-uors?
中国民间传统节日TraditionalChineseFestivals
1.怎样对中国节日进行分类? HowcanweclassifyChinesefestivals?
2.少数民族有自己的节日吗? DotheethnicChinesepeopleshavetheirfestivals?
3.什么是阳历和阴历? Whatisthesolarcalendarandlunarcalendar?
4.什么是春节? WhatistheSpringFestival?
5.放鞭炮的由来是什么? Whatistheoriginofsettingofffirecrackers?
6.春联是怎样产生的? Whatistheoriginofspringcouplets?
7.元宵节是怎样产生的? WhatistheoriginoftheLanternFestival?
8.什么是清明节? WhatistheClearandBrightFestival?
9.端午节是怎样产生的? WhatistheoriginoftheDragonBoatfestival?
10.粽子是怎样产生的? Whatistheoriginofzong-zi?
11.什么是中秋节? WhatistheMid-AutumnFestival?
12.月饼是什么时候出现的? Whatistheoriginofmooncakes?
13.重阳节有什么习俗? WhatarecustomsfortheDoubleNinthDay?
14.什么是七夕节? WhatistheQixiFestival(theDoubleSeventhNightFes-tival)?
15.藏历新年有什么习俗? WhatarecustomsontheTibetanNewYear?
16.什么是火把节? WhatistheTorchFestival?
17.泼水节是怎样产生的? WhatistheoriginoftheWaterSplashingFestival?
汉字ChineseCharacters
1.在中国,现在有多少语言语系? HowmanylanguagefamiliesaretherenowinChina?
2.汉字的起源有哪些传说? IsthereanylegendrelatedtotheoriginofChinesecharac-ters?
3.汉字起源于图画吗? DidChinesecharacterscomefrom drawings?
4.甲骨文是怎样发现的? How wereancientinscriptionsonbonesortortoiseshellsdiscovered?
5.汉字是怎样演变的? HowdidChinesecharactersevolve?
6.什么是“六书”? WhataretheSixCategoriesofChineseCharacters?
7.为什么要了解汉字? WhydoweneedtounderstandChinesecharacters?
8.学习汉字难吗? IsitdifficulttolearnChinesecharacters?
9.汉字改革的大致情况是怎样的? Whatcanbesaidaboutthereform ofChinesecharacters?
10.你对方言了解多少? HowmuchdoyouknowaboutdialectsinChina?
11.中国有哪几种主要的方言? WhatarethemajordialectgroupsinChina?
12.中国书法是怎样起源的? WhatistheoriginofChinesecalligraphy?
13.中国书法的演变过程是怎样的? HowdidChinesecalligraphyevolve?
14.怎样欣赏中国书法? How doesaChinesescholarappreciateChinesecalligra-phy?
15.什么是“文房四宝”? WhataretheFourTreasuresoftheStudy?
16.在古代中国是否有重要的石刻? Werethereanyvaluablestonesorrocksengravedwithcal-ligraphyinancientChina?
17.在古代中国是否有著名的书法家? WeretherefamouscalligraphistsinancientChina?
18.练习中国书法有什么好处? WhatisthebenefitofpracticingChinesecalligraphy?
中国古书AncientChineseBooks
1.书籍产生以前采用什么形式保持文字记录? Whatformswereusedtorecordcharactersbeforebookscameintoexistence?
2.简册是中国古代最早的书籍吗? WasjiancetheearliestbooksofChina?
3.什么是帛书? Whatisboshu?
4.什么是《百家姓》和《三字经》? WhatisBaiJiaXingandSanZiJing?
5.什么是《四书五经》? WhatisSiShuWuJing?
6.《孙子兵法》是一本什么样的书? WhatisSunZiBingFa?
7.《内经》是一本什么样的书? WhatisNeiJing?
8.谁写的《史记》? WhowroteRecordsoftheHistorian?
9.谁写的《汉书》? WhowroteBookoftheEarlierHanDynasty?
10.《说文解字》是一本什么样的书? WhatisShuoWenJieZi?
11.《文心雕龙》是一本什么样的书? WhatisWenXinDiaoLong?
12.你对明清章回体小说了解多少? HowmuchdoyouknowaboutepisodicnovelsintheMingandQingdynasties?
13.《三国演义》讲的是什么? WhatdoesRomanceoftheThreeKingdomstalkabout?
14.《水浒传》讲的是什么? WhatdoesOutlawsoftheMarshtalkabout?
15.《西游记》讲的是什么? WhatdoesJourneytotheWesttalkabout?
16.《红楼梦》讲的什么? WhatdoesADream ofRedMansionstalkabout?
17.为什么唐诗三百首受人欢迎? Whydopeopleenjoyreading300TangPoems?
中国古代神话AncientChineseMythology
1.了解中国古代神话的重要性是什么? WhatisthesignificanceofgettingtoknowChineseancientmythology?
2.怎样概括中国古代神话? HowcanwesummarizeChineseancientmythology?
3.中国古代神话的特色是什么? WhatisthefeatureofChineseancientmythology?
4.盘古是什么人? WhoisPanGu?
5.女娲是什么人? WhoisNuWa?
6.羿是什么人? WhoisYi?
7.为什么精卫要填海? WhydoesJingWeifillupthesea?
8.为什么女娲要补天? WhydoesNuWamendthesky?
9.为什么神农要尝百草? WhydoesShenNongtrytotastehundredsofherbsandgrass?
10.你知道嫦娥奔月的故事吗? WhatisthestoryofChangE,whofliestotheMoon?
11.你知道夸父追日的故事吗? WhatisthestoryaboutKuaFu,whorunsafterthesun?
中国戏剧艺术ChineseOperaArts
1.中国传统戏剧何时初具规模的? WhendidtheformsoftraditionalChineseoperabegintobeperfected?
2.中国传统戏剧最初形成的风格是什么? WhatwasthecharacteroftraditionalChineseoperawhenitwasformed?
3.中国传统戏剧经历了哪三次重大的发展? WhatthreemajordevelopmentsdidtraditionalChineseop-eraundergo?
4.传统戏剧有什么表演特点? WhataretheperformancefeaturesoftraditionalChineseopera?
5.传统戏剧的角色有什么特点? Whatisthefeatureofthecharacterrolesoftraditionalop-era?
6.传统戏剧的脸谱有什么特点? Whatisthefacialmakeupoftraditionalopera?
7.你对传统戏剧乐器知道多少? HowmuchisknownaboutthemusicalinstrumentsusedintraditionalChineseOpera?
8.传统戏剧剧目的主要特点是什么? Whatisthemain featureoftherepertoireoftraditionalChineseopera?
9.京剧是怎样产生的? WhatistheoriginofBeijingOpera?
10.川剧曲调有哪些特点? WhatisthefeatureofthemelodicformsinSichuanOper-a?
11.川剧变脸是怎么回事? WhatisthefaceofchanginginSichuanOpera?
12.你对其他地方戏剧知道多少? Whatcanbesaidaboutotherregionaloperas?
中国古代建筑AncientChineseArchitecture
1.中国古建筑有什么基本特征? WhatisthebasicfeatureofancientChinesearchitecture?
2. 中国古建筑木结构的特点是什么? WhatarefeaturesofthetimberframeworkinancientChi-nesearchitecture?
3.院式建筑的平面布局有什么特点? Whatarefeaturesofthecourtyardcompositionandlayout?
4.屋顶样式有什么特点? WhatarefeaturesoftheroofpatternsofancientChinesearchitecture?
5.古建筑的色彩有什么特色? WhatarecolorfeaturesoftheancientChinesearchitec-ture?
6.佛教寺庙内主要有什么建筑? WhatarethemainbuildingsofaBuddhistmonastery?
7.道教寺庙的特点是什么? WhatarethefeaturesofaTaoisttemple?
8.四合院有什么特点? Whatarefeaturesofsiheyuan?
9.古代庭院建筑有什么特点? Whatarefeaturesofancientgardenarchitecture?
10.乐山凌云寺边的苏东坡楼具有什么特点
11.你对殿宇屋顶上的动物造型知道多少? Whatisknown abouttheanimalfigureson theroofsofancientChinesebuildings?
12.“九”的数目与皇家宫殿的关系是什么?
中国传统棋类TraditionalChineseBoardGames
1.人们一般怎样看待博弈? Howpopularareboard-gamesinChina?
2.什么是围棋? Whatisweiqi?
3.你对围棋的历史知道多少? Whatisthehistoryofweiqi?
4.围棋的基本规则是什么? Whatarethebasicrulesofweiqi?
5.什么是象棋? Whatisxiangqi?
6.象棋的基本规则是什么? Whatarethebasicrulesofxiangqi?
7.你对象棋的历史知道多少? Whatisthehistoryofxiangqi?
8.什么是麻将? Whatisthemajiang?
9.怎样辨别麻将的牌名? Whatdomajiangpiecesconsistof?
10.你对麻将的历史知道多少? Whatisthehistoryofmajiang?
儒教Confucianism
1.孔子生平的情况大致是怎样的? WhatisknownaboutConfucius餷ife?
2.儒教的影响有多大? WhatinfluencehasConfuciushad?
3.孔子思想的基本内容主要有哪些? What are some of the basic concepts in Confucianthought?
4.汉武帝为什么要“独尊儒术”? WhydidEmperorWudimakeConfucianism theorthodoxphilosophyoftheHanDynasty?
5.汉代经学的今古文之争是怎么回事? WhatistheNewOldTextControversy?
6.宋代理学是怎样回事? WhathappenedtoNeo-Confucianism intheSongDynasty?
7.你能告诉我《论语》中的几则话语吗? Couldyoutellmesomeproverbsfrom theAnalectsbyCon-fucius?
道教Taoism
1.道教是怎样形成的? HowdidTaoism takeshape?
2.道教教义的基本组成部分有哪些? OnwhatisTaoistdoctrinebuilt?
3.老子是谁? WhoisLaoZi?
4.《道德经》是什么书? WhatisDaoDeJing?
5.什么是“道”? Whatisthedao?
6.什么是“无为”? Whatiswuwei?
7.什么是道家的“洞天福地”? WhataretheTaoistCelestialCavernsandBlissfulLands?
8.什么是道家医学观? WhatarethemedicalperspectivesofTaoism?
9.什么是道家养生观? WhatistheunderlyingphilosophyofTaoisthealthcultiva-tion?
佛教Buddhism
1.佛教创始者是谁? WhowasthefounderofBuddhism?
2.佛教基本教义是什么? WhatarethebasicteachingsofBuddhism?
3.什么是大乘佛教和小乘佛教? WhatareMahayanaandHinayana?
4.佛教何时传入中国? WhendidBuddhism enterChina?
5.为什么佛教能够在中国扎下根? WhywasBuddhism abletotakerootinChina?
6.什么叫禅宗? WhatistheChanSectofBuddhism?
7.什么叫净土宗? WhatistheJingtuSectofBuddhism?
8.什么是喇嘛教? WhatisLamaism?
9.普贤是谁? WhoisPuxian?
10.接引佛是谁? WhoisJieyinBuddha?
11.弥勒佛是谁? WhoisMaitreya?
12.观音菩萨是谁? WhoisGuanyin?
13.地藏菩萨是谁? WhoisDizang?
14.文殊菩萨是谁? WhoisWenshu?
15.四大天王是谁? WhoaretheFourHeavenlyKings?
16.你对十六罗汉 十八罗汉 五百罗汉的由来知道多少? WhatcanbesaidaboutthelegendaryoriginoftheSixteenArhats,theEighteenArhatsandthe500Arhats?
17.什么是大雄宝殿? WhatistheGreatBuddhaHall?
中国医药学TraditionalChineseMedicine
1.你能简介中医的历史吗? WhatisthehistoryoftraditionalChinesemedicine?
2.什么是“三宝”和“气”? Whatissanbaoandqi? Whatisyinandyang?
4.什么是五行学说? WhatisthetheoryoftheFiveElements?
5.中西方医学对病的不同观念是什么? WhataredifferentattitudesbetweenChineseandWesternmedicalpractitionerstowardsdisease?
6.治病有什么传统的方法? Whataretraditionalmethodsfortreatingillness?
7.你能告诉我一些针灸知识吗? Whataresomeofthebasicsofacupuncture?
8.针灸疼吗? Isacupuncturepainful?
9.传统中药由什么组成?有什么作用? Whatdoestraditionalherbalmedicineconsistinandhow doesitfunction?
10.人们一般在家里是怎样熬制中药的? Howdopeopletakeherbalmedicineathome?
11.“本草”是什么意思? Whatisbencao?
12.中国的食疗法有什么作用? WhatisthefunctionofChinesefoodtherapy?
13.你对常见的食疗食品知道多少? Whataresomecommonmedicinalfoods?
中国陶瓷ChinesePotteryandPorcelain
1.什么是中国陶器? WhatareChinesepotteryandporcelain?
2.陶器是什么时候开始与人类生活密切相关的? Whendidpotterybegintotouchthelifeofmankind?
3.在中国,最早的陶器有什么特点? WhatarethefeaturesoftheearliestpotteryvesselsinChi-na?
4.原始社会彩陶的特点是什么? Whatarefeaturesofpaintedpotteryinprimitivesociety?
5.商周的陶器是怎样发展的? HowdidpotterydevelopintheShangandZhoudynasties?
6.从战国到汉朝陶器的发展概况是怎样的? Howdidpotterydevelopfrom theWarringStatesPeriodtotheHanDynasty?
7.什么是瓷器? Whatisporcelain?
8.瓷器是什么时候发明的? WhenwasChineseporcelaininvented?
9.什么是青瓷? Whatisceladon?
10.什么是白瓷? Whatiswhiteporcelain?
11.什么是彩瓷? Whatispaintedporcelain?
12.什么是唐三彩? Whatisthetri-colorpotteryoftheTangDynasty?
13.你对中国古代向海外运输陶瓷的历史了解多少? Howmuchdoyouknow abouttheoverseastransportationofpotteryandporcelaininancientChina?
中国绘画ChinesePainting
1.中国画是何时起源的? WhatistheoriginoftraditionalChinesepainting?
2.你如何理解传统中国画艺术?How can you understand the artoftraditionalChinesepainting?
3.你能够简单介绍一下中国传统绘画历史吗? Canyougiveabriefintroductionofthehistoryoftradition-alChinesepainting?
4.谢赫“六法”讲的是什么? WhatisthemeaningoftheSixRulesbyXieHe?
5.什么是“文人画师”? Whatareliteratipainters?
6.什么是“院画画师”? Whatareacademicpainters?
7.书法对绘画有什么影响? Whathasbeeninfluenceofcalligraphyonpainting?
8.元朝文人画有什么特点? WhatarethefeaturesoftheliteratipaintingoftheYuanDynasty?
9.你对明代绘画知道多少? WhatisknownaboutthepaintingoftheMingDynasty?
10.清朝绘画有什么特点? WhatarethefeaturesofthepaintingoftheQingDynasty?
11.中国绘画是怎样分类的? HowcanweclassifytraditionalChinesepainting?
12.中国传统绘画的技法是怎样的? WhatarefeaturesofthetechniquesoftraditionalChinesepainting?
13.中国传统绘画有哪些常用的表现形式? WhataretheregularformsoftraditionalChinesepainting?
14.中国传统绘画和西方绘画的不同点有哪些?
武术ChineseMartialArts
1.什么是武术? WhatareChinesemartialarts?
2.你能简述武术的历史吗? WhatisthehistoryofChinesemartialarts?
3.武术的基本要素是什么? Whatarethedistinguishingfeaturesofwushu?
4.中国武术如何分类? HowcanwecategorizeChinesewushu?
5.还有其他的武术分类吗? Arethereothercategorizationsofwushu?
6.什么是长拳? WhatisChangBoxing?
7.什么是行意拳? WhatisXingyiquan(Form andWillBoxing)?
8.什么是八卦掌? WhatisBaguazhang(theOctagonPalm)?
9.什么是太极拳? WhatisTaijiquan?
10.长期习练太极拳对身体有益处吗? DoesregularTaijiquanpracticebenefithealth?
11.练太极拳的基本要求是什么? WhatarebasicrequirementsforTaijiquanpractice?
12.武术的道德要点是什么? Whatarethemainpointsofwushuethics?
丝绸ChineseSilk
1.你能简要告诉我中国丝绸生产的发展历史吗? WhatisthehistoryofChinesesilkproduction?
2.有没有关于丝是怎样发现的传说? Arethereanylegendarystoriesrelatedtothediscoveryof silk?
3.桑蚕的作用是什么? Whatisthefunctionofthesilkworm?
4.生丝生产的过程大体是怎样的? Whatisthegeneralprocessofrawsilkproduction?
5.你能简述一下丝绸之路的历史吗? WhatisthehistoryoftheSilkRoute?
6.请告诉我古丝绸之路的具体路线好吗? WhatistherouteoftheAncientSilkRoad?
7.什么是中国手工丝绣? WhatishandmadeChineseembroidery?
8.什么是双面绣? Whatisdoublesidedembroidery?
9.如何鉴赏中国手工绣品? HowcanweappreciateChinesehandmadeembroidery?
10.什么是中国“锦”? Whatissilkbrocade?
11.中国的四种地方“锦”有什么区别? HowdothesefourChineselocalbrocadesdiffer?
12.蜀锦有没有流行的图案? ArethereanyfashionablepatternsofShuBrocade?
13.你能够告诉我一些中国服装款式在历史上的变化吗? Whatcan besaid aboutclothingstylesin Chineselonghistory?
社会关系SocialrelationsinChina
1.在中国社会里主要团体有哪些? Whatare the principalcohesive groupsin Chinese so-ciety?
2.城里的老人与子女大多生活在一起吗? Domanyelderlypersonsincitieslivewiththeirchildren?
3.为什么中国几世同堂的家庭有很强的凝聚力? WhyistheChineseextendedfamilysoremarkablycohe-sive?
4.什么是“单位”? Whatisdanwei?
5.中国学校“班集体”的含义是什么? What is the meaning of class collective in Chineseschools?
6.邻里之间是什么关系? Whatistherelationshipbetweenneighbors?
7.你能简要讲讲传统的中国姓名吗? WhatcanbenotedaboutChinesenames?
8.怎样称呼中国人? HowareChinesepeopleaddressed?
9.怎样称呼中国妇女? HowareChinesewomenaddressed?
10.“老”和“小”的含义是什么? Whatisthemeaningoflaoandxiao?
11.汉语有没有特别的问候语? WhataretypicalChinesegreetings?
12.传统的问候姿势是什么样子的? WhatgestureisusedasatraditionalChinesegreeting?
13.中国人一般用什么话题开始交谈? WhatareopeningconversationaltopicsinChina?
14.在时间使用方面中国有什么传统模式? Whataretraditionaltime-usepatternsinChina?
15.中国人和西方人在日常告别时有什么不同习惯? WhatisthedifferenceindailyfarewellsbetweenChineseandwesternpeople?
16.中国人是如何回答赞美话的? HowdoChineserespondtoacompliment?
17.你可以告诉我一些中国人表现谦虚的其他方式吗? WhatareotherbehavioralfeaturesofChinesemodesty?
18.你能够多谈一些有关谦逊的特点吗? Couldyoutellmemoreaboutthefeaturesofmodesty?
19.什么是“关系”? Whatisguanxi?
20.为什么“面子”对中国人来说非常重要? WhydoesfacehaveahighimportanceforChinese?
21.什么是“缘分”? Whatisyuanfen?
22.什么是“磕头”? Whatisketou?
23.“客气”的重要性是什么? Whatistheimportanceofkeqi?
24.中国人在习惯上怎样接受礼物? HowdotheChinesetraditionallyacceptagift?
25.在公共场所中国人有什么交往的规矩? Whatistheetiquetteforpublicplaces?
参考书目