简介
This second part of the sixth volume of Joseph Needham's great enterprise is the first to be written by a collaborator. Francesca Bray, working closely with Dr Needham, has produced the most comprehensive study of Chinese agriculture to be published in the West. From a huge mass of source material, often confusing and obscure, and from first-hand study in China, she brings order and illumination to a crucial area of Chinese technological development. The main body of the book is an account of the technological history of agriculture, with major sections devoted to field systems, implements and techniques (sowing, harvesting, storing) and crop systems (what has grown and where and how crops rotated). The concluding section contrasts Europe's Agricultural Revolution with agrarian change in North China in the Han and with the 'Green Revolution' in South China in the Sung. In the theoretical analysis which concludes this section we find a vital contribution to the elucidation of the main question posed by Dr Needham's work: why did the Scientific Revolution which transformed the world take place in Europe and not in China?
目录
List of illustrations
List of tables
List of abbreviations
Author's note
Agriculture
Introduction
General characteristics of Chinese agriculture
Agricultural regions
Origins of Chinese agriculture
Sources
The yneh ling or agricultural calendars
Agricultural treatises
State-commissioned compilations
Monographs
Supplementary sources
The content of the Chinese sources, and the implications for historical interpretation
A comparison with the European tradition
Field systems
Land clearance and reclamation
Shifting cultivation
Permanent fields
Agricultural implements and techniques
Tillage implements
Sowing
Fertilisation
Weeding and cultivation
Harvesting, threshing and winnowing
Grain storage
Crop systems
Crop rotation
Millets, sorghum and maize
Wheat and barley
Rice
Legumes
Oil crops
Tuber crops
Fibre crops
Vegetables and fruits
Conclusions: Agricultural changes and society - stagnation or revolution?: 1. Did China contribute to Europe's Agricultural Revolution?
Agricultural revolution in China?
Development or change?
Bibliographies
General index
List of tables
List of abbreviations
Author's note
Agriculture
Introduction
General characteristics of Chinese agriculture
Agricultural regions
Origins of Chinese agriculture
Sources
The yneh ling or agricultural calendars
Agricultural treatises
State-commissioned compilations
Monographs
Supplementary sources
The content of the Chinese sources, and the implications for historical interpretation
A comparison with the European tradition
Field systems
Land clearance and reclamation
Shifting cultivation
Permanent fields
Agricultural implements and techniques
Tillage implements
Sowing
Fertilisation
Weeding and cultivation
Harvesting, threshing and winnowing
Grain storage
Crop systems
Crop rotation
Millets, sorghum and maize
Wheat and barley
Rice
Legumes
Oil crops
Tuber crops
Fibre crops
Vegetables and fruits
Conclusions: Agricultural changes and society - stagnation or revolution?: 1. Did China contribute to Europe's Agricultural Revolution?
Agricultural revolution in China?
Development or change?
Bibliographies
General index
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