简介
Russell (languages and literature, Ferris State U.) discusses picture storybooks, folk literature, poetry, fantasy, realistic and historical fiction, biography, and informational books in terms of child development (Piaget, Erikson, Kohlberg); ethnic, sexual, and gender diversity; and as literature, with extended discussion of literary history and technique. There is also a section on winners of 14 major international children's book awards. Added to the fourth edition is an expanded history of kiddie lit in the 19th and 20th centuries, minor additions to the sections on literary study, and new charts, illustrations, and diagrams. Several extensive bibliographies organized into subject matter and genre are featured. Recommended for undergraduates and above, and as a ready reference. Annotation c. Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)
目录
Preface p. xv
The Contexts of Children's Literature p. 1
The History of Children's Literature p. 3
The Classical World p. 3
The Middle Ages p. 4
The European Renaissance p. 5
Technological and Social Changes p. 5
Puritanism p. 7
John Locke and Educational Philosophy p. 7
Bunyan, Defoe, and Swift p. 7
The Eighteenth and Early Nineteenth Centuries p. 9
John Newbery and Children's Book Publishing p. 9
Rousseau and the Moral Tale p. 9
The Rise of the Folktales p. 10
The Victorians: The Golden Age p. 10
British Children's Literature p. 12
Adventure or Boys' Stories p. 12
Fantasy Stories p. 12
Realistic Stories p. 14
The United States p. 14
Adventure or Boys' Stories p. 14
Domestic or Girls' Stories p. 15
Fantasy Stories p. 15
Children's Book Illustration in the Golden Age p. 16
Popular Literature--Great Britain and America p. 16
Between the Wars: 1920-1940 p. 18
From World War II to the Present: A Second Golden Age? p. 19
Children's Literature from Around the World p. 20
Summary p. 22
Recommended Readings p. 23
Child Development and Literature p. 25
Language Acquisition p. 25
Modern Theories of Child Development p. 26
Piaget's Cognitive Theory of Development p. 27
Sensorimotor Period p. 27
Preoperational Period p. 28
Period of Concrete Operations p. 28
Period of Formal Operations p. 29
Erikson's Psychosocial Development Theory p. 29
Trust Versus Mistrust p. 29
Autonomy Versus Doubt p. 29
Initiative Versus Guilt p. 30
Industry Versus Inferiority p. 30
Identity Versus Role Confusion p. 30
Kohlberg's Theory of the Development of Moral Judgment p. 31
The Preconventional Level p. 31
The Conventional Level p. 31
The Postconventional Level p. 31
The Uses of Developmental Psychology p. 32
Works Cited p. 33
Recommended Readings p. 33
Cultural and Social Diversity p. 35
Cultural Diversity p. 35
African Americans p. 37
Native Americans p. 38
Hispanic Americans p. 40
Asian Americans p. 41
Worldwide Cultures p. 42
Social Diversity p. 43
Gender Awareness p. 43
Gender-Biased Language p. 44
Gender Roles p. 44
Gender Behavior p. 44
Alternative Families and Lifestyles and Family Problems p. 45
The Physically, Emotionally, and Intellectually Challenged p. 46
Other Issues p. 47
Works Cited p. 48
Recommended Readings p. 48
A Selected Bibliography of Culturally Diverse Children's Books p. 49
The Study of Literature p. 57
The Elements of Literature p. 57
Characters p. 57
Setting p. 58
Point of View p. 59
Plot p. 60
Conflict p. 61
Theme p. 61
Style p. 62
Exposition p. 62
Dialogue p. 62
Vocabulary p. 62
Imagery p. 63
Sentences p. 63
Tone p. 64
Humor in Literature p. 64
Condescending Tones p. 65
Literary Criticism p. 66
Formalist and New Criticism p. 66
Archetypal Criticism p. 67
Historical Criticism p. 68
Psychoanalytical Criticism p. 69
Feminist Criticism p. 70
Reader-Response Criticism p. 71
Works Cited p. 72
Recommended Readings p. 73
Responding to Literature p. 75
Literature-Based Learning p. 75
The Reader-Centered Approach to Literature p. 76
Reading Aloud p. 77
Storytelling p. 77
Book Discussions p. 78
Writing Experiences p. 80
Webbing and Mapping p. 80
Response Journals p. 81
Book Reports: Variations on an Old Theme p. 82
Creating Books p. 83
Dramatic Responses to Literature p. 84
Oral Interpretation p. 84
Story Theater p. 84
Reader's Theater p. 84
Creative Dramatics p. 85
Role-Playing p. 85
Puppet Theater p. 85
Artistic Responses to Literature p. 86
The Graphic Arts p. 86
The Plastic Arts p. 86
Children's Literature and Film p. 87
Children's Books and the Censor p. 89
Works Cited p. 91
Recommended Readings p. 91
The Kinds of Children's Literature p. 93
Books of Early Childhood p. 95
Mother Goose Books p. 95
Cognitive Development p. 97
Aesthetic Development p. 97
Social and Physical Development p. 98
Choosing Mother Goose Books p. 98
Illustrators of Mother Goose p. 99
Wordless Picture Books p. 107
Toy Books p. 107
Alphabet Books p. 108
Content of Alphabet Books p. 110
Design of Alphabet Books p. 111
Counting Books p. 112
Content of Counting Books p. 112
Design of Counting Books p. 112
Concept Books p. 112
Easy-to-Read Books p. 114
Works Cited p. 114
Recommended Readings p. 114
A Selected Bibliography of Books for the Very Young p. 115
Picture Storybooks p. 122
Storytelling Elements p. 122
The Conventions of Picture Book Art p. 124
Line p. 126
Space p. 126
Shape p. 126
Color p. 127
Texture p. 129
Composition and Perspective p. 131
Design and Meaning in Picture Books p. 133
Rhythm and Movement p. 133
Tension p. 134
Page Layout p. 134
Artistic Media p. 136
Painterly Techniques p. 136
Graphic Techniques p. 137
Photography p. 138
Composite Techniques p. 138
Artistic Styles p. 138
Realism p. 138
Cartoon Art p. 138
Expressionism p. 138
Impressionism p. 138
Surrealism p. 140
Folk Art p. 141
Appreciating the Picture Book p. 141
Recommended Readings p. 141
Selected Bibliography of Picture Storybooks p. 142
Folk Literature p. 148
Definition of Folk Literature p. 148
Origin and Purposes of Folk Literature p. 149
Types of Folk Literature p. 150
Animal Tales p. 150
Fables p. 150
Marchen, or Wonder Tales p. 151
Pourquoi Tales p. 153
Noodlehead Tales p. 153
Cumulative Tales p. 153
Tall Tales p. 154
Ghost Stories p. 154
Myths p. 154
Classical Greek and Roman Myths p. 155
Norse Myths p. 155
Native American Myths p. 156
African Myths p. 156
Oriental Myths p. 156
Epics and Heroic Legends p. 157
Saints' Lives and Local Legends p. 157
The Literary Fairy Tale p. 158
Folktale Conventions p. 158
Setting p. 158
Character p. 158
Plot p. 159
Theme and Conflict p. 159
Style p. 161
Formula and Repetition p. 161
Motifs and Imagery p. 161
Magic p. 163
Issues in Folk Literature p. 163
Violence p. 163
Antifeminism p. 164
Collectors, Retellers, and Adapters p. 166
Works Cited p. 168
Recommended Readings p. 168
Selected Bibliography of Folk Literature, Myths, and Legends p. 169
Poetry p. 174
Definition of Poetry p. 174
The Kinds of Poetry p. 174
Narrative Poetry p. 175
Lyric Poetry p. 175
Haiku p. 176
Cinquain p. 176
Sonnet p. 176
Concrete Poetry p. 177
Limerick p. 178
Free Verse p. 178
The Language of Poetry p. 179
Imagery p. 179
Direct Images p. 179
Indirect Images p. 180
Sound Patterns p. 181
Rhythm p. 181
Rhyme p. 181
Sharing Poetry with Children p. 183
Selecting Poems and Anthologies p. 184
Recommended Readings p. 185
Selected Bibliography of Poetry Books for Children p. 186
Fantasy p. 190
Definition of Fantasy p. 190
Types of Fantasy p. 191
Animal Fantasy p. 192
Toy Fantasy p. 193
Eccentric Characters and Tall Tales p. 194
Enchanted Journeys and Magical Lands p. 195
Heroic or Quest Fantasy p. 197
Supernatural and Time Fantasy p. 198
Science Fiction and Space Fantasy p. 198
Special Qualities of Fantasy p. 199
Originality p. 200
Believability p. 200
Fantasy and the Imagination p. 201
Works Cited p. 202
Recommended Readings p. 202
Selected Bibliography of Fantasy Fiction p. 203
Realistic and Historical Fiction p. 209
Definition of Realistic and Historical Fiction p. 209
Realistic Fiction p. 209
Types of Realistic Fiction p. 209
Domestic and Family Stories p. 210
Social Realism and New Realism p. 213
Adventure and Survival Stories p. 215
Mystery or Detective Stories p. 216
Animal Stories--Real or Romantic p. 216
Sports Stories p. 217
Issues in Realistic Fiction p. 218
Historical Fiction p. 219
Definition of Historical Fiction p. 219
The Development of Historical Fiction p. 219
Issues of Historical Fiction p. 221
Recreating the Historical Period p. 221
Unobtrusive History p. 222
Credible Dialogue p. 222
Sensitivity and Objectivity p. 223
The Rewards of Historical Realism p. 224
Works Cited p. 224
Recommended Readings p. 224
Selected Bibliography of Realistic Fiction p. 225
Selected Bibliography of Historical Fiction p. 230
Biography and Informational Books p. 234
Biography p. 234
Definition and Purpose p. 235
Types of Biography p. 235
Authentic Biography p. 235
Fictionalized Biography p. 235
Biographical Fiction p. 236
Complete, Partial, and Collective Biographies p. 236
Autobiography p. 237
Informational Books p. 238
Definition and Purpose p. 238
Types of Informational Books p. 238
History and Culture p. 238
Science and Nature p. 241
Fine Arts and Entertainment p. 242
Human Development and Behavior p. 243
Characteristics of Good Informational Writing p. 244
Purpose and Audience p. 244
Authenticity and Accuracy p. 245
Balance and Objectivity p. 245
Style p. 247
Format and Organization p. 248
The Importance of Biography and Informational Books p. 249
Works Cited p. 249
Recommended Readings p. 250
Selected Bibliography of Biographies and Autobiographies p. 251
Selected Bibliography of Informational Books p. 255
Children's Book Awards p. 262
American Book Awards p. 262
The Newbery Medal p. 262
The Caldecott Medal p. 270
The Boston Globe-Horn Book Award p. 276
The Mildred L. Batchelder Award p. 278
The Laura Ingalls Wilder Award p. 280
The Coretta Scott King Award p. 280
The Scott O'Dell Award for Historical Fiction p. 282
National Council of Teachers of English Award for Excellence in Poetry for Children p. 283
The Phoenix Award p. 283
International Awards p. 283
The Hans Christian Andersen Award p. 283
The Kate Greenaway Medal p. 284
The Carnegie Medal p. 286
The Canadian Library Award p. 288
Amelia Frances Howard-Gibbon Medal p. 290
Index p. 292
The Contexts of Children's Literature p. 1
The History of Children's Literature p. 3
The Classical World p. 3
The Middle Ages p. 4
The European Renaissance p. 5
Technological and Social Changes p. 5
Puritanism p. 7
John Locke and Educational Philosophy p. 7
Bunyan, Defoe, and Swift p. 7
The Eighteenth and Early Nineteenth Centuries p. 9
John Newbery and Children's Book Publishing p. 9
Rousseau and the Moral Tale p. 9
The Rise of the Folktales p. 10
The Victorians: The Golden Age p. 10
British Children's Literature p. 12
Adventure or Boys' Stories p. 12
Fantasy Stories p. 12
Realistic Stories p. 14
The United States p. 14
Adventure or Boys' Stories p. 14
Domestic or Girls' Stories p. 15
Fantasy Stories p. 15
Children's Book Illustration in the Golden Age p. 16
Popular Literature--Great Britain and America p. 16
Between the Wars: 1920-1940 p. 18
From World War II to the Present: A Second Golden Age? p. 19
Children's Literature from Around the World p. 20
Summary p. 22
Recommended Readings p. 23
Child Development and Literature p. 25
Language Acquisition p. 25
Modern Theories of Child Development p. 26
Piaget's Cognitive Theory of Development p. 27
Sensorimotor Period p. 27
Preoperational Period p. 28
Period of Concrete Operations p. 28
Period of Formal Operations p. 29
Erikson's Psychosocial Development Theory p. 29
Trust Versus Mistrust p. 29
Autonomy Versus Doubt p. 29
Initiative Versus Guilt p. 30
Industry Versus Inferiority p. 30
Identity Versus Role Confusion p. 30
Kohlberg's Theory of the Development of Moral Judgment p. 31
The Preconventional Level p. 31
The Conventional Level p. 31
The Postconventional Level p. 31
The Uses of Developmental Psychology p. 32
Works Cited p. 33
Recommended Readings p. 33
Cultural and Social Diversity p. 35
Cultural Diversity p. 35
African Americans p. 37
Native Americans p. 38
Hispanic Americans p. 40
Asian Americans p. 41
Worldwide Cultures p. 42
Social Diversity p. 43
Gender Awareness p. 43
Gender-Biased Language p. 44
Gender Roles p. 44
Gender Behavior p. 44
Alternative Families and Lifestyles and Family Problems p. 45
The Physically, Emotionally, and Intellectually Challenged p. 46
Other Issues p. 47
Works Cited p. 48
Recommended Readings p. 48
A Selected Bibliography of Culturally Diverse Children's Books p. 49
The Study of Literature p. 57
The Elements of Literature p. 57
Characters p. 57
Setting p. 58
Point of View p. 59
Plot p. 60
Conflict p. 61
Theme p. 61
Style p. 62
Exposition p. 62
Dialogue p. 62
Vocabulary p. 62
Imagery p. 63
Sentences p. 63
Tone p. 64
Humor in Literature p. 64
Condescending Tones p. 65
Literary Criticism p. 66
Formalist and New Criticism p. 66
Archetypal Criticism p. 67
Historical Criticism p. 68
Psychoanalytical Criticism p. 69
Feminist Criticism p. 70
Reader-Response Criticism p. 71
Works Cited p. 72
Recommended Readings p. 73
Responding to Literature p. 75
Literature-Based Learning p. 75
The Reader-Centered Approach to Literature p. 76
Reading Aloud p. 77
Storytelling p. 77
Book Discussions p. 78
Writing Experiences p. 80
Webbing and Mapping p. 80
Response Journals p. 81
Book Reports: Variations on an Old Theme p. 82
Creating Books p. 83
Dramatic Responses to Literature p. 84
Oral Interpretation p. 84
Story Theater p. 84
Reader's Theater p. 84
Creative Dramatics p. 85
Role-Playing p. 85
Puppet Theater p. 85
Artistic Responses to Literature p. 86
The Graphic Arts p. 86
The Plastic Arts p. 86
Children's Literature and Film p. 87
Children's Books and the Censor p. 89
Works Cited p. 91
Recommended Readings p. 91
The Kinds of Children's Literature p. 93
Books of Early Childhood p. 95
Mother Goose Books p. 95
Cognitive Development p. 97
Aesthetic Development p. 97
Social and Physical Development p. 98
Choosing Mother Goose Books p. 98
Illustrators of Mother Goose p. 99
Wordless Picture Books p. 107
Toy Books p. 107
Alphabet Books p. 108
Content of Alphabet Books p. 110
Design of Alphabet Books p. 111
Counting Books p. 112
Content of Counting Books p. 112
Design of Counting Books p. 112
Concept Books p. 112
Easy-to-Read Books p. 114
Works Cited p. 114
Recommended Readings p. 114
A Selected Bibliography of Books for the Very Young p. 115
Picture Storybooks p. 122
Storytelling Elements p. 122
The Conventions of Picture Book Art p. 124
Line p. 126
Space p. 126
Shape p. 126
Color p. 127
Texture p. 129
Composition and Perspective p. 131
Design and Meaning in Picture Books p. 133
Rhythm and Movement p. 133
Tension p. 134
Page Layout p. 134
Artistic Media p. 136
Painterly Techniques p. 136
Graphic Techniques p. 137
Photography p. 138
Composite Techniques p. 138
Artistic Styles p. 138
Realism p. 138
Cartoon Art p. 138
Expressionism p. 138
Impressionism p. 138
Surrealism p. 140
Folk Art p. 141
Appreciating the Picture Book p. 141
Recommended Readings p. 141
Selected Bibliography of Picture Storybooks p. 142
Folk Literature p. 148
Definition of Folk Literature p. 148
Origin and Purposes of Folk Literature p. 149
Types of Folk Literature p. 150
Animal Tales p. 150
Fables p. 150
Marchen, or Wonder Tales p. 151
Pourquoi Tales p. 153
Noodlehead Tales p. 153
Cumulative Tales p. 153
Tall Tales p. 154
Ghost Stories p. 154
Myths p. 154
Classical Greek and Roman Myths p. 155
Norse Myths p. 155
Native American Myths p. 156
African Myths p. 156
Oriental Myths p. 156
Epics and Heroic Legends p. 157
Saints' Lives and Local Legends p. 157
The Literary Fairy Tale p. 158
Folktale Conventions p. 158
Setting p. 158
Character p. 158
Plot p. 159
Theme and Conflict p. 159
Style p. 161
Formula and Repetition p. 161
Motifs and Imagery p. 161
Magic p. 163
Issues in Folk Literature p. 163
Violence p. 163
Antifeminism p. 164
Collectors, Retellers, and Adapters p. 166
Works Cited p. 168
Recommended Readings p. 168
Selected Bibliography of Folk Literature, Myths, and Legends p. 169
Poetry p. 174
Definition of Poetry p. 174
The Kinds of Poetry p. 174
Narrative Poetry p. 175
Lyric Poetry p. 175
Haiku p. 176
Cinquain p. 176
Sonnet p. 176
Concrete Poetry p. 177
Limerick p. 178
Free Verse p. 178
The Language of Poetry p. 179
Imagery p. 179
Direct Images p. 179
Indirect Images p. 180
Sound Patterns p. 181
Rhythm p. 181
Rhyme p. 181
Sharing Poetry with Children p. 183
Selecting Poems and Anthologies p. 184
Recommended Readings p. 185
Selected Bibliography of Poetry Books for Children p. 186
Fantasy p. 190
Definition of Fantasy p. 190
Types of Fantasy p. 191
Animal Fantasy p. 192
Toy Fantasy p. 193
Eccentric Characters and Tall Tales p. 194
Enchanted Journeys and Magical Lands p. 195
Heroic or Quest Fantasy p. 197
Supernatural and Time Fantasy p. 198
Science Fiction and Space Fantasy p. 198
Special Qualities of Fantasy p. 199
Originality p. 200
Believability p. 200
Fantasy and the Imagination p. 201
Works Cited p. 202
Recommended Readings p. 202
Selected Bibliography of Fantasy Fiction p. 203
Realistic and Historical Fiction p. 209
Definition of Realistic and Historical Fiction p. 209
Realistic Fiction p. 209
Types of Realistic Fiction p. 209
Domestic and Family Stories p. 210
Social Realism and New Realism p. 213
Adventure and Survival Stories p. 215
Mystery or Detective Stories p. 216
Animal Stories--Real or Romantic p. 216
Sports Stories p. 217
Issues in Realistic Fiction p. 218
Historical Fiction p. 219
Definition of Historical Fiction p. 219
The Development of Historical Fiction p. 219
Issues of Historical Fiction p. 221
Recreating the Historical Period p. 221
Unobtrusive History p. 222
Credible Dialogue p. 222
Sensitivity and Objectivity p. 223
The Rewards of Historical Realism p. 224
Works Cited p. 224
Recommended Readings p. 224
Selected Bibliography of Realistic Fiction p. 225
Selected Bibliography of Historical Fiction p. 230
Biography and Informational Books p. 234
Biography p. 234
Definition and Purpose p. 235
Types of Biography p. 235
Authentic Biography p. 235
Fictionalized Biography p. 235
Biographical Fiction p. 236
Complete, Partial, and Collective Biographies p. 236
Autobiography p. 237
Informational Books p. 238
Definition and Purpose p. 238
Types of Informational Books p. 238
History and Culture p. 238
Science and Nature p. 241
Fine Arts and Entertainment p. 242
Human Development and Behavior p. 243
Characteristics of Good Informational Writing p. 244
Purpose and Audience p. 244
Authenticity and Accuracy p. 245
Balance and Objectivity p. 245
Style p. 247
Format and Organization p. 248
The Importance of Biography and Informational Books p. 249
Works Cited p. 249
Recommended Readings p. 250
Selected Bibliography of Biographies and Autobiographies p. 251
Selected Bibliography of Informational Books p. 255
Children's Book Awards p. 262
American Book Awards p. 262
The Newbery Medal p. 262
The Caldecott Medal p. 270
The Boston Globe-Horn Book Award p. 276
The Mildred L. Batchelder Award p. 278
The Laura Ingalls Wilder Award p. 280
The Coretta Scott King Award p. 280
The Scott O'Dell Award for Historical Fiction p. 282
National Council of Teachers of English Award for Excellence in Poetry for Children p. 283
The Phoenix Award p. 283
International Awards p. 283
The Hans Christian Andersen Award p. 283
The Kate Greenaway Medal p. 284
The Carnegie Medal p. 286
The Canadian Library Award p. 288
Amelia Frances Howard-Gibbon Medal p. 290
Index p. 292
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