简介
"In this exceptionally brilliant book, ranging effortlessly from Herodotus and Thucydides to Diderot and Nietzsche, Bernard Williams daringly asks--and still more daringly answers--one of the central questions of philosophy: what is the point of telling the truth? Lucid, penetrating, and profound, Williams' reflections are vitally important not for philosophers alone but for anyone interested in human thought and creativity."--Stephen Greenblatt, Cogan University Professor of the Humanities, Harvard University "This is a major, wide-ranging, and comprehensive book. A philosophical investigation that is also a literary and historical study, Truth and Truthfulness asks how and why we have come to think of accuracy, sincerity, and authenticity as virtues. Bernard Williams' account of their emergence is as detailed and imaginative as his defense of their importance is spirited and provocative. Williams asks hard questions, and gives them straightforward and controversial answers. His book does not simply describe and advocate these virtues of truthfulness; it manifests them."--Alexander Nehamas, author of Virtues of Authenticity
目录
The Problem
Truthfulness and Truth p. 1
Authority p. 7
Nietzsche p. 12
Genealogy
Real and Fictional p. 20
Naturalism p. 22
The State of Nature Is Not the Pleistocene p. 27
How Can Fictions Help? p. 31
Shameful Origins p. 35
The Genealogy of Truthfulness p. 38
The State of Nature: A Rough Guide
The Division of Labour p. 41
Plain Truths p. 45
Space, Time, and Indeterminacy p. 53
Value: The Story So Far p. 57
Truth, Assertion, and Belief
Truth Itself p. 63
Assertions and Truth p. 66
Assertions and Knowledge p. 76
Beliefs and Truth p. 79
Sincerity: Lying and Other Styles of Deceit
Value: An Internal Connection? p. 84
Trust p. 88
Trustworthiness in Speech p. 93
Dispositions of Sincerity p. 96
Fetishizing Assertion p. 100
Deserving the Truth p. 110
Accuracy: A Sense of Reality
The Elaboration of Accuracy p. 123
Methods and Obstacles p. 126
Realismand Fantasy p. 135
Truthfulness and Freedom p. 141
What Was Wrong with Minos?
Introduction p. 149
Thucydides p. 151
"Legendary Times" p. 155
The Past and the Truth p. 161
From Sincerity to Authenticity
An Ambiguous Invention p. 172
Rousseau p. 173
Diderot and Rameau's Nephew p. 185
Steadying the Mind p. 191
Authenticity and Other People p. 199
Truthfulness, Liberalism, and Critique
Truth and Politics p. 206
Democracy and Liberty p. 210
The Marketplace of Ideas p. 213
Critique p. 219
The Critical Theory Test p. 225
Making Sense
Narratives p. 233
Structures and Explanations p. 241
Audiences p. 250
Needs p. 258
Endnote. The Vocabulary of Truth: An Example p. 271
Notes p. 279
Bibliography p. 309
Acknowledgements p. 321
Index p. 323
Truthfulness and Truth p. 1
Authority p. 7
Nietzsche p. 12
Genealogy
Real and Fictional p. 20
Naturalism p. 22
The State of Nature Is Not the Pleistocene p. 27
How Can Fictions Help? p. 31
Shameful Origins p. 35
The Genealogy of Truthfulness p. 38
The State of Nature: A Rough Guide
The Division of Labour p. 41
Plain Truths p. 45
Space, Time, and Indeterminacy p. 53
Value: The Story So Far p. 57
Truth, Assertion, and Belief
Truth Itself p. 63
Assertions and Truth p. 66
Assertions and Knowledge p. 76
Beliefs and Truth p. 79
Sincerity: Lying and Other Styles of Deceit
Value: An Internal Connection? p. 84
Trust p. 88
Trustworthiness in Speech p. 93
Dispositions of Sincerity p. 96
Fetishizing Assertion p. 100
Deserving the Truth p. 110
Accuracy: A Sense of Reality
The Elaboration of Accuracy p. 123
Methods and Obstacles p. 126
Realismand Fantasy p. 135
Truthfulness and Freedom p. 141
What Was Wrong with Minos?
Introduction p. 149
Thucydides p. 151
"Legendary Times" p. 155
The Past and the Truth p. 161
From Sincerity to Authenticity
An Ambiguous Invention p. 172
Rousseau p. 173
Diderot and Rameau's Nephew p. 185
Steadying the Mind p. 191
Authenticity and Other People p. 199
Truthfulness, Liberalism, and Critique
Truth and Politics p. 206
Democracy and Liberty p. 210
The Marketplace of Ideas p. 213
Critique p. 219
The Critical Theory Test p. 225
Making Sense
Narratives p. 233
Structures and Explanations p. 241
Audiences p. 250
Needs p. 258
Endnote. The Vocabulary of Truth: An Example p. 271
Notes p. 279
Bibliography p. 309
Acknowledgements p. 321
Index p. 323
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