高等凝聚态物理

Preface page xi
1 The nature of condensed matter 1
1.1 Some basic orders of magnitude 1
1.2 Quantum or classical 3
1.3 Chemical bonds 3
1.4 The exchange interaction 5
Suggested reading 6
Problems 6
2 Order and disorder 8
2.1 Ferromagnets 9
2.2 Crystals 16
2.3 Other ordered states 21
2.4 Order parameters 21
2.5 Disordered condensed matter 22
Suggested reading 23
Problems 23
3 Crystals, scattering, and correlations 25
3.1 Crystals 25
3.2 Fourier analysis and the reciprocal lattice 32
3.3 Scattering 37
3.4 Correlation functions 46
Suggested reading 50
Problems 51
4 Surfaces and crystal growth 53
4.1 Observing surfaces: scanning tunneling microscopy 53
4.2 Surfaces and surface tension 54
4.3 Roughening 60
4.4 Equilibrium crystal shapes 62
4.5 Crystal growth 64
Suggested reading 71
Problems 71
5 Classical and quantum waves 73
5.1 Lattice vibrations and phonons 73
5.2 Spin waves and magnons 102
5.3 Neutron scattering 107
5.4 M鰏sbauer effect 110
5.5 Two dimensions 111
Suggested reading 112
Problems 112
6 The non-interacting electron model 114
6.1 Sommerfeld model 114
6.2 Thermally excited states and heat capacity 120
6.3 Band theory 122
Suggested reading 135
Problems 135
7 Dynamics of non-interacting electrons 139
7.1 Drude model 139
7.2 Transport in Sommerfeld theory 141
7.3 Semiclassical theory of transport 143
7.4 Scattering and the Boltzmann equation 146
7.5 Donors and acceptors in semiconductors 151
7.6 Excitons 152
7.7 Semiconductor devices 153
7.8 Large magnetic fields 156
Suggested reading 168
Problems 169
8 Dielectric and optical properties 172
8.1 Dielectric functions 172
8.2 The fluctuation-dissipation theorem 174
8.3 Self-consistent response 177
8.4 The RPA dielectric function 181
8.5 Optical properties of crystals 187
Suggested reading 189
Problems 189
9 Electron interactions 193
9.1 Fermi liquid theory 193
9.2 Many-electron atoms 198
9.3 Metals in the Hartree-Fock approximation 202
9.4 Correlation energy of jellium 205
9.5 Inhomogeneous electron systems 210
9.6 Electrons and phonons 216
9.7 Strong interactions and magnetism in metals 220
Suggested reading 224
Problems 224
10 Superfluidity and superconductivity 226
10.1 Bose-Einstein condensation and superfluidity 227
10.2 Helium-3 235
10.3 Superconductivity 236
10.4 Microscopic theory 241
10.5 Ginsburg-Landau theory 253
10.6 Josephson effect 259
Suggested reading 261
Problems 261
References 263
Index 269