Fundamentals of conservation biology / 3rd ed.

List of Case Studies p. xi
Preface p. xiii
Acknowledgments p. xvi
Part I Biodiversity and Its Importance p. 3
1 Conservation and Conservation Biology p. 4
What Is Conservation? p. 4
A Brief History of Conservation p. 5
An Overview of Conservation Ethics p. 10
What Is Conservation Biology? p. 14
A Brief History of a Young Discipline p. 15
Summary p. 20
2 What Is Biodiversity? p. 22
Species, Genes, and Ecosystems p. 22
Structure and Function p. 24
Measuring Biodiversity p. 24
The Mismeasure of Biodiversity p. 26
Biodiversity and Spatial Scales p. 26
Biodiversity Verbs p. 29
The Related Concepts of "Integrity" and "Sustainability" p. 29
Summary p. 33
3 Species Diversity p. 34
What Is a Species? p. 34
How Many Species Are There? p. 36
The Intrinsic Value of Species and Their Conservation Status p. 40
The Instrumental Values of Species p. 45
The Uniqueness Value of Species p. 60
Summary p. 63
4 Ecosystem Diversity p. 65
What Is an Ecosystem? p. 65
The Values of Ecosystems p. 70
Ecosystem Diversity and Species Diversity p. 77
Ecosystems and Landscapes p. 80
Summary p. 84
5 Genetic Diversity p. 86
What Is Genetic Diversity? p. 86
The Importance of Genetic Diversity p. 92
Processes that Diminish Genetic Diversity p. 99
Cultural Diversity p. 106
Summary p. 106
Part II Threats to Biodiversity p. 113
6 Mass Extinctions and Global Change p. 114
Extinction Episodes of the Past p. 114
Estimating the Current Rate of Extinction p. 118
The Prospect of Global Climate Change p. 121
Summary p. 128
7 Extinction Processes p. 130
Why Are Some Species More Vulnerable to Extinction than Others? p. 130
Populations p. 135
Population Viability Analysis p. 139
Summary p. 148
8 Ecosystem Degradation and Loss p. 150
Contamination p. 152
Roads, Dams, and Other Structures p. 158
Earth, Fire, Water p. 162
Deforestation p. 165
Desertification p. 168
Draining, Dredging, Damming, etc. p. 170
Fragmentation p. 174
Summary p. 182
9 Overexploitation p. 184
The Long History of Overexploitation p. 184
Types of Exploitation p. 188
Consequences of Overexploitation p. 194
Some Final Perspectives on Exploitation p. 197
Summary p. 203
10 Invasive Exotics p. 205
How Do Species Move? p. 206
Impacts of Invasive Exotics p. 212
Success Rates p. 217
Irony p. 218
Summary p. 222
Part III Maintaining Biodiversity p. 225
11 Protecting Ecosystems p. 226
Reserve Selection p. 228
Reserve Design p. 235
Reserve Management p. 243
Summary p. 247
12 Managing Ecosystems p. 252
Modified Ecosystems p. 252
Cultivated Ecosystems p. 261
Built Ecosystems p. 267
Restoring Ecosystems p. 270
Summary p. 279
13 Managing Populations p. 281
Providing Resources p. 282
Controlling Threats p. 287
Direct Manipulations p. 298
Epilogue p. 308
Summary p. 308
14 Zoos and Gardens p. 310
Changing Roles p. 310
Building Arks p. 312
The ex Situ-in Situ Interface p. 319
Conservation of Domesticated Species p. 322
Summary p. 325
Part IV The Human Factors p. 329
15 Social Factors p. 330
Values Differ p. 330
Describing Values p. 336
Values Change p. 338
Summary p. 344
16 Economics p. 346
The Benefits p. 346
The Costs p. 355
The Distribution of Benefits and Costs p. 356
Problems and Solutions p. 358
Summary p. 370
17 Politics and Action p. 372
Setting Priorities for Action p. 372
Rights and Responsibilities p. 379
International Agencies p. 379
Governments p. 384
Nongovernmental Organizations p. 385
Corporations p. 386
Communities p. 387
Individuals p. 388
Summary p. 390
Epilogue p. 392
Glossary p. 394
Literature Cited and Author Index p. 405
Species Index p. 476
Subject Index p. 486