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　　在线阅读本书　　　　 "The best Darwin anthology on the market" (Stephen Jay Gould, Harvard) has just become better, in this newly revised version of the now classic Norton Critical Edition, first published in 1970. The impact of Charles Darwin's work on Western civilization has been broad and deep. As much as anyone in the modern era, he changed human thought, and his influence is still felt in virtually all aspects of our lives. This new edition, larger and more varied than the previous ones, includes more of Darwin's own work and also presents the most recent research and scholarship on all aspects of Darwin's legacy. The biological sciences, as well as social thought, philosophy, ethics, religion, and literature, have all been shaped and reshaped by evolutionary concepts. Excerpts from the most important books and articles of recent years confirm this Darwinian heritage. New work by Richard Dawkins, Edward O. Wilson, Kevin Padian, Eugene C. Scott, Steven Pinker, Daniel Dennett, Michael Ruse, Frans de Waal, Noretta Koertge, George C. Williams, George Levine, Stephen Jay Gould, Gillian Beer, Ernst Mayr, and many others illuminates this exciting intellectual history. A wide-ranging new introduction by the editor provides context and coherence to this rich body of engaging material, much of which will be shaping human thought well into the new century. This edition will be useful to scientists and historians alike: "The Norton Darwin explains Darwinian evolution and illustrates the social and intellectual conflicts of the past two centuries better than any other book that I am aware of." (Charles Taylor, Professor of Biology, Ecology, and Evolution, University of California, Los Angeles) And it will be of great value to the humanities and social sciences as well: "The edition provides the sharpest and most exciting access to Darwin we have ever had. It shows all of us interested in the heart of our intellectual heritage how that heritage is sustained, manipulated, and honored." (James R. Kincaid, Aerol Arnold Professor of English, University of Southern California) A Selected Bibliography and an Index are included. About the Series : No other series of classic texts equals the caliber of the Norton Critical Editions . Each volume combines the most authoritative text available with the comprehenive pedagogical apparatus necessary to appreciate the work fully. Careful editing, first-rate translation, and thorough explanatory annotations allow each text to meet the highest literary standards while remaining accessible to students. Each edition is printed on acid-free paper and every text in the series remains in print. Norton Critical Editions are the choice for excellence in scholarship for students at more than 2,000 universities worldwide.　　

PrefacePart Ⅰ： Introduction Philip Appleman · Darwin： On Changing the Mind (2000)Part Ⅱ： Darwin's Life Ernst Mayr · Who Is Darwin? (1991)Part Ⅲ： Scientific Thought： Just before Darwin Gavin de Beer · Biology before the Beagle (1964) Thomas Robert Malthus · An Essay on the Principle of Population (1798) William Paley · Natural Theology (1802) Jean Baptiste Pierre Antoine de Monet Lamarck · Zoological Philosophy (1809) Charles Lyell · Principles of Geology (1830-33) John Herschel · The Study of Natural Philosophy (1830) William Whewell · Astronomy and General Physics Considered with Reference to Natural Theology (1833) Alfred Russel Wallace · On the Tendency of Varieties to Depart Indefinitely from the Original Type (1858)Part IV： Selections from Darwin's Work The Voyage of the Beagle (1845) Chapter Ⅰ. St. Jago-Cape de Verd Islands Chapter ⅩⅦ. Galapagos Archipelago On the Tendency of Species to Form Varieties; and On the Perpetuation of Varieties and Species by Natural Means of Selection (1858) Ⅰ. Extract from an unpublished Work on Species, by C. Darwin, Esq. Ⅱ. Abstract of a Letter from C. Darwin, Esq., to Prof. Asa Gray, Boston, U.S., dated Down, September 5th, 1857 An Historical Sketch of the Progress of Opinion on the Origin of Species, previously to the Publication of This Work (1861) The Origin of Species (1859) Introduction Chapter Ⅰ. Variation under Domestication Chapter Ⅱ. Variation under Nature Chapter Ⅲ. Struggle for Existence Chapter Ⅳ. Natural Selection Chapter Ⅵ. Difficulties on Theory Chapter Ⅸ. On the Imperfections of the Geological Record Chapter ⅪⅡ. Mutual Affinities of Organic Beings： Morphology： Embryology： Rudimentary Organs Chapter ⅪⅤ. Recapitulation and Conclusion The Descent of Man (1871) Introduction Chapter Ⅰ. The Evidence of the Descent of Man from Some Lower Form Chapter Ⅱ. On the Manner of Development of Man from Some Lower Form Chapter Ⅲ. Comparison of the Mental Powers of Man and the Lower Animals Chapter Ⅵ. On the Affinities and Genealogy of Man Chapter ⅦⅠ. Principles of Sexual Selection Chapter ⅪⅩ. Secondary Sexual Characters of Man Chapter ⅩⅩ. Secondary Sexual Characters of Mancontinued Chapter ⅩⅪ. General Summary and ConclusionPart Ⅴ： Darwin's Influence on Science The Victorian Opposition to Darwin David L. Hull · Darwin and His Critics (1983) Adam Sedgwick · Objections to Mr. Darwin's Theory of the Origin of Species (1860) Richard Owen · Darwin on the Origin of Species(1860) Fleeming Jenkin · Review of the Origin of Species (1867) Victorian Supporters of Darwin Joseph Dalton Hooker · Flora Tasmaniae (1859) Thomas Henry Huxley · On the Relations of Man to the Lower Animals (1863) Charles Lyell · Principles of Geology (1867) Alfred Russel Wallace · The Debt of Science to Darwin (1883) Darwin and the Shaping of Modern Science SCIENTIFIC METHOD IN EVOLUTION National Academy of Sciences · Evolution and the Nature of Science (1999) Richard Dawkins · Explaining the Very Improbable (1987) Lewis Thomas · On the Uncertainty of Science (1980) Noretta Koertge · Postmodernisms and the Problem of Scientific Literacy (1998) Richard Dawkins · Science and Sensibility (1999) THE NEO-DARWlNIAN SYNTHESIS Peter Bowler · The Evolutionary Synthesis (1984) THE HUMAN GENEALOGY Adam Kuper * The Chosen Primate (1994) Ian Tattersall · Out of Africa Again . . . and Again? (1997) Stephen Jay Gould · The Human Difference (1999) PUNCTUATED EQUILIBRIUM Stephen Jay Gould · [On Punctuated Equilibrium] (1991) Niles Eldredge · The Great Stasis Debate (1995) RETHINKING TAXONOMY Kevin Padian · Darwin's Views of Classification (1999) David L. Hull * Cladistic Analysis (1988) Kevin Padian and Luis M. Chiappe * [Cladistics in Action： The Origin of Birds and Their Flight] (1998) EVOLUTION AS OBSERVABLE FACT James L. Gould and William T. Keeton with Carol Grant Gould · How Natural Selection Operates (1996) Peter R. Grant · Natural Selection and Darwin's Finches(1991) John A. Endler · Natural Selection in the Wild (1986)Part VI： Darwinian Patterns in Social Thought Competition and Cooperation Richard Hofstadter * The Vogue of Spencer (1955) Andrew Carnegie · The Gospel of Wealth (1900) Peter Kropotkin · Mutual Aid (1902) Martin A. Nowak, Robert M. May, and Karl Signmnd ·The Arithmetics of Mutual Help (1995) Nature and Nurture Edward O. Wilson · Sociobiology： The New Synthesis(1975) Stephen Jay Gould * Biological Potentiality vs. Biological Determinism (1977) Barbara Ehrenreich and Janet Mclntosh · The New Creationism： Biology under Attack (1997) Evolution and Gender Elizabeth Cady Stanton · The Woman's Bible (1898) Nancy Makepeace Tanner · On Becoming Human (1981) Evelleen Richards · Darwin and the Descent of Woman (1983) James Eli Adams · Woman Red in Tooth and Claw (1989) Evolution and Other Disciplines Edward O. Wilson · [On Consilience] (1998) Randolph M. Nesse and George C. Williams · Evolution and the Origins of Disease (1998) Steven Pinker · How the Mind Works (1997) Steve Jones · The Set within the Skull (1997)Part VII： Darwinian Influences in Philosophy and Ethics John Dewey · The Influence of Darwin on Philosophy(1909) Daniel C. Dennett · Darwin's Dangerous Idea： Natural Selection as an Algorithmic Process (1995) Michael Ruse · Darwinian Epistemology (1998) Thomas Henry Huxley · Evolution and Ethics (1893) Julian Huxley · Evolutionary Ethics (1943) Michael Ruse and Edward O. Wilson · The Evolution of Ethics (1985) Frans de Waal · Good Natured： The Origin of Right and Wrong in Humans and Other Animals (1996) Matt Ridley · The Origins of Virtue (1997)Part VIII： Evolutionary Theory and Religious Theory Mainstream Religious Support for Evolution Pope John Paul II · Message to the Pontifical Academy of Sciences (1996) Central Conference of American Rabbis · On Creationism in School Textbooks (1984) United Presbyterian Church in the U. S. A. · Evolution and Creationism (1982) The Lutheran World Federation · [Statement on Evolution] (1965) The General Convention of the Episcopal Church · Resolution on Evolutionism and Creationism (1982) Unitarian Universalist Association · Resolution Opposing "Scientific Creationism" (1982) Fundamentalist Creationism Eugenie C. Scott · Antievolution and Creationism in the United States (1997) The Scopes Trial (1925) Thomas Mclver · Orthodox lewish Creationists (2000) ttarun Yahya · [Islamic Creationism] (1997) Swami Srila Prabhupada · [A Hare Krishna on Darwinian Evolution] (1977) Institute for Creation Research · Tenets of Creationism(1998) ttenry M. Morris · Scientific Creationism (1985) Thomas ]. Wheeler · Review of Morris (1992) Richard D. Sjolund and Betty McCollister · Evolution at the Grass Roots (1998) Richard D. Sjolund · [Creationism versus Biotechnology] (1998) Betty McCollistcr · [The Politics of Creationism] (1998) Molleen Matsumura · What Do Christians Really Believe about Evolution? (1998) National Center for Science Education · Seven Significant Court Decisions Regarding Evolution/Creation Issues (1998) Personal Incredulity and Antievolutionism Richard Dawkins · [The Argument from Personal Incredulity] (1987) Phillip E. Johnson · Darwin oi1 Trial (1991) Eugenie C. Scott · Review of Johnson (1992) Michael Behe · Darwin's Black Box (1996) Robert Dorit · Review of Behe (1997) Michael Ruse · Darwin's New Critics on Trial (1998) Scientists' Opposition to Creationism American Association for the Advancement of Science · Forced Teaching of Creationist Beliefs in Public School Science Education (1982) American Institute of Biological Sciences · Resolution Opposing Creationism in Science Courses (1999) National Association of Biology Teachers · Statement on Teaching Evolution (1998) National Academy of Sciences · Frequently Asked Questions about Evolution and the Nature of Science (1998) Fundamentalist Creationism and the Valne of Satire Michael Shermer · Genesis Revisited： A Scientific Creation Story (1998) Philip Appleman · Darwin's Ark (1984)Part IX： Darwin and the Literary Mind Darwin's Literary Sensibility Charles Darwin · Autobiography (1876) L. Robert Stevens · Darwin's Humane Reading (1982) George Levine · Darwin and Pain： Why Science Made Shakespeare Nauseating (1995) Gillian Beer · Darwin's Plots (1983)Darwin's Influence on Literature Lionel Stevenson · Darwin among the Poets (1932) George Levine · Darwin among the Novelists (1988) Joseph Wood Krutch · The Tragic Fallacy (1929) Herbert J. Muller · Modern Tragedy (1956) Philip Appleman · Darwin-Sightings in Recent Literature (2000)Selected ReadingsIndex

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