简介
In the fall of 1980, Genentech, Inc., a little-known California genetic engineering company, became the overnight darling of Wall Street, raising over $38 million in its initial public stock offering. Lacking marketed products or substantial profit, the firm nonetheless saw its share price escalate from $35 to $89 in the first few minutes of trading, at that point the largest gain in stock market history. Coming at a time of economic recession and declining technological competitiveness in the United States, the event provoked banner headlines and ignited a period of speculative frenzy over biotechnology as a revolutionary means for creating new and better kinds of pharmaceuticals, untold profit, and a possible solution to national economic malaise.
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Drawing from an unparalleled collection of interviews with early biotech players, Sally Smith Hughes offers the first book-length history of this pioneering company, depicting Genentech’s improbable creation, precarious youth, and ascent to immense prosperity. Hughes provides intimate portraits of the people significant to Genentech’s science and business, including cofounders Herbert Boyer and Robert Swanson, and in doing so sheds new light on how personality affects the growth of science. By placing Genentech’s founders, followers, opponents, victims, and beneficiaries in context, Hughes also demonstrates how science interacts with commercial and legal interests and university research, and with government regulation, venture capital, and commercial profits.
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Integrating the scientific, the corporate, the contextual, and the personal, Genentechtells the story of biotechnology as it is not often told, as a risky and improbable entrepreneurial venture that had to overcome a number of powerful forces working against it. ?
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目录
Prologue p. ix
Acknowledgments p. Xiii
Inventing Recombinant DNA Technology p. 1
Two Scientists on Converging Paths p. 2
The Collaboration p. 11
Patenting and Politics p. 20
Steps toward Commercialization p. 24
Creating Genentech p. 29
Bob Swanson p. 29
Founding Genentech p. 34
Legal and Political Obstacles p. 44
A Full Business Plan p. 47
Proving the Technology p. 49
A Portentous Experiment p. 50
Switching Targets p. 52
Negotiating Research Agreements p. 55
Making Somatostatin p. 59
Wider Issues p. 66
Human Insulin: Genentech Makes its mark p. 75
Seeking Corporate Contracts p. 76
Procuring a Facility and Staff p. 77
Genentech's Human Insulin Project p. 86
The Eli Lilly Contract p. 94
Publicity and Expansion p. 98
Human Growth Hormone: Shaping a Commercial Future p. 107
Competing for Human Growth Hormone p. 108
Moving toward Corporate Integration p. 120
Scaling Up Insulin and Growth Hormone p. 122
Corporate Expansion p. 127
An Emerging Culture p. 131
Wall Street Debut p. 137
Biomania p. 137
Exit Strategies p. 139
Interferon: The New Wonder Drug? p. 142
Run-Up to an Initial Public Offering p. 146
Legal Impediments p. 148
The IPO p. 158
Epilogue p. 165
Notes p. 171
Bibliography p. 195
Oral History Bibliography p. 203
Index p. 207
Acknowledgments p. Xiii
Inventing Recombinant DNA Technology p. 1
Two Scientists on Converging Paths p. 2
The Collaboration p. 11
Patenting and Politics p. 20
Steps toward Commercialization p. 24
Creating Genentech p. 29
Bob Swanson p. 29
Founding Genentech p. 34
Legal and Political Obstacles p. 44
A Full Business Plan p. 47
Proving the Technology p. 49
A Portentous Experiment p. 50
Switching Targets p. 52
Negotiating Research Agreements p. 55
Making Somatostatin p. 59
Wider Issues p. 66
Human Insulin: Genentech Makes its mark p. 75
Seeking Corporate Contracts p. 76
Procuring a Facility and Staff p. 77
Genentech's Human Insulin Project p. 86
The Eli Lilly Contract p. 94
Publicity and Expansion p. 98
Human Growth Hormone: Shaping a Commercial Future p. 107
Competing for Human Growth Hormone p. 108
Moving toward Corporate Integration p. 120
Scaling Up Insulin and Growth Hormone p. 122
Corporate Expansion p. 127
An Emerging Culture p. 131
Wall Street Debut p. 137
Biomania p. 137
Exit Strategies p. 139
Interferon: The New Wonder Drug? p. 142
Run-Up to an Initial Public Offering p. 146
Legal Impediments p. 148
The IPO p. 158
Epilogue p. 165
Notes p. 171
Bibliography p. 195
Oral History Bibliography p. 203
Index p. 207
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