Crop responses and adaptations to temperature stress /

About the Editor p. ix
Contributors p. xi
Preface p. xiii
Chapter 1. Mechanisms of Chilling Injury and Tolerance Tottempudi K. Prasad p. 1
Introduction p. 1
Maize Seedlings Serve As a Model System to Study Chilling Effects p. 2
Chilling Induces Oxidative Stress in the Tissues p. 5
Mechanisms of Chilling Responses p. 6
Antioxidant Gene Expression Responsive to Chilling Stress p. 15
Possible Roles of Hydrogen Peroxide in Signaling Mechanisms p. 19
Summary of Chilling Stress and Tolerance Mechanisms in Maize p. 28
Genetic Engineering of Chilling (Cold) Tolerance p. 30
Concluding Remarks p. 34
Chapter 2. Chilling Effects on Active Oxygen Species and Their Scavenging Systems in Plants D. Mark Hodges p. 53
An Oxygenated Environment p. 53
Active Oxygen Species p. 54
Active Oxygen Scavenging Systems p. 58
Chilling Effects on Plants p. 60
Chilling Effects on Photosynthesis and Active Oxygen Species Production p. 61
Effects of Chilling on Antioxidant Systems p. 63
Conclusions p. 68
Chapter 3. Root System Functions During Chilling Temperatures: Injury and Acclimation Pamela L. Sanders and Albert H. Markhart III p. 77
Introduction p. 77
Chilling Inhibition of Root Growth p. 80
Water Relations During Chilling p. 82
Mineral Uptake p. 85
Circadian Rhythms p. 87
Hormones in Chilled Roots p. 89
Root System Acclimation p. 90
Conclusion p. 98
Chapter 4. Mechanisms of Cold Acclimation Jean-Marc Ferullo and Marilyn Griffith p. 109
Introduction p. 109
Control of Water Status p. 111
Control of Cell Dehydration p. 114
Membrane Stabilization p. 121
Induction of Cryoprotective Proteins p. 122
Molecular Changes Related to Protein Synthesis p. 130
Cold-Induced Gene Products of Unknown Function p. 132
Regulation of Molecular Adaptations to Cold p. 134
Conclusion p. 136
Chapter 5. Signal Transduction Under Low-Temperature Stress Sirpa Nuotio and Pekka Heino and E. Tapio Palva p. 151
Introduction p. 151
Low-Temperature Control of Gene Expression p. 156
Genetic Dissection of Signal Pathways p. 165
Engineering Freezing-Tolerant Crops p. 167
Chapter 6. Mechanisms of Thermotolerance in Crops Natalya Y. Klueva and Elena Maestri and Nelson Marmiroli and Henry T. Nguyen p. 177
Introduction p. 177
Impact of High Temperature on Crops p. 178
Defense Mechanisms Against High-Temperature-Induced Damage p. 182
Molecular Strategies for Enhancing Thermotolerance in Crops p. 203
Conclusions and Perspectives p. 206
Chapter 7. Control of the Heat Shock Response in Crop Plants Daniel R. Gallie p. 219
Introduction p. 219
Expression of HSPs Following Stress and During Development p. 220
The Impact of Heat Shock on Transcription p. 222
Effects of Heat Shock on Protein Yield p. 224
Heat-Induced Changes in the Translational Machinery of Crop Plants p. 226
HSP mRNAs Escape Heat Shock-Induced Translational Repression p. 229
Regulation of RNA Degradatory Machinery Following Heat Shock p. 230
Conclusions p. 232
Chapter 8. The Effects of Heat Stress on Cereal Yield and Quality Peter Stone p. 243
Introduction p. 243
Effects of High Temperature on Yield p. 245
Effects of High Temperature on Quality p. 266
Strategies for Coping with Heat Stress p. 277
Conclusions p. 280
Index p. 293