作为第二语言的有机化学 Organic Chemistry I as a Second Language: Translating the Basic Concepts
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ISBN：9780471272359
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简介
Organic Chemistry may be challenging, but that doesn't mean you can't get the grade you want. With David Klein's Organic Chemistry as a Second Language: Translating the Basic Concepts, you'll be able to better understand fundamental principles, solve problems, and focus on what you need to know to succeed.
目录
Introduction
CHAPTER 1 BOND-LINE DRAWINGS
1.1 How to Read Bond-Line Drawings
1.2 How to Draw Bond-Line Drawings
1.3 Mistakes to Avoid
1.4 More Exercises
1.5 Identifying Formal Charges
1.6 Finding Lone Pairs That Are Not Drawn
CHAPTER 2 RESONANCE
2.1 What Is Resonance?
2.2 Curved Arrows: The Tools for Drawing Resonance Structures
2.3 The Two Commandments
2.4 Drawing Good Arrows
2.5 Formal Charges in Resonance Structures
2.6 Drawing Resonance Structures--Step by Step
2.7 Drawing Resonance Structures--By Recognizing Patterns
A Lone Pair Next to a Pi Bond
A Lone Pair Next to a Positive Charge
A Pi Bond Next to a Positive Charge
A Pi Bond Between Two Atoms, Where One of Those Atoms I
Electronegative (N, O, etc.) Pi Bonds Going All the Way Around a Ring
2.8 Assessing the Relative Importance of Resonance Structures
CHAPTER 3 ACID-BASE REACTIONS
3.1 Factor 1--What Atom Is the Charge on?
3.2 Factor 2--Resonance
3.3 Factor 3--Induction
3.4 Factor 4 Orbitals
3.5 Ranking the Four Factors
3.6 Quantitative Measurement (pKa values)
3.7 Predicting the Position of EQuilibrium
3.8 Showing a Mechanism
CHAPTER 4 GEOMETRY
4.1 Orbitals and Hybridization States
4.2 Geometry
CHAPTER 5 NOMENCLATURE
5.1 Functional Group
5.2 Unsaturation
5.3 Naming the Parent Chain
5.4 Naming Substituents
5.5 Stereoisomerism
5.6 Numbering
5.7 Common Names
5.8 Going from a Name to a Structure
CHAPTER 6 CONFORMATIONS
6.1 How to Draw a Newman Projection
6.2 Ranking the Stability of Newman Projections
6.3 Drawing Chair Conformations
6.4 Placing Groups on the Chair
6.5 Ring Flipping
6.6 Comparing the Stability of Chairs
6.7 Don't Be Confused by the Nomenclature
CHAPTER 7 CONFIGURATIONS
7.1 Locating Stereocenters
7.2 Determining the Configuration of a Stereocenter
7.3 Nomenclature
7.4 Drawing Enantiomers
7.5 Diastereomers
7.6 Meso Compounds
7.7 Drawing Fischer Projections
7.8 Optical Activity
CHAPTER 8 MECHANISMS
8.1 Curved Arrows
8.2 Arrow Pushing
8.3 Drawing Intermediates
8.4 Nucleophiles and Electrophiles
8.5 Bases Versus Nucleophiles
8.6 The Regiochemistry Is Contained Within the Mechanism
……
CHAPTER 9 SUBSTITUTION REACTIONS
CHAPTER 10 ELIMINATION REACTIONS
CHAPTER 11 ADDITION REACTIONS
CHAPTER 12 PREDICTING PRODUCTS
CHAPTER 13 SYNTHESIS
Answer Key
Index
CHAPTER 1 BOND-LINE DRAWINGS
1.1 How to Read Bond-Line Drawings
1.2 How to Draw Bond-Line Drawings
1.3 Mistakes to Avoid
1.4 More Exercises
1.5 Identifying Formal Charges
1.6 Finding Lone Pairs That Are Not Drawn
CHAPTER 2 RESONANCE
2.1 What Is Resonance?
2.2 Curved Arrows: The Tools for Drawing Resonance Structures
2.3 The Two Commandments
2.4 Drawing Good Arrows
2.5 Formal Charges in Resonance Structures
2.6 Drawing Resonance Structures--Step by Step
2.7 Drawing Resonance Structures--By Recognizing Patterns
A Lone Pair Next to a Pi Bond
A Lone Pair Next to a Positive Charge
A Pi Bond Next to a Positive Charge
A Pi Bond Between Two Atoms, Where One of Those Atoms I
Electronegative (N, O, etc.) Pi Bonds Going All the Way Around a Ring
2.8 Assessing the Relative Importance of Resonance Structures
CHAPTER 3 ACID-BASE REACTIONS
3.1 Factor 1--What Atom Is the Charge on?
3.2 Factor 2--Resonance
3.3 Factor 3--Induction
3.4 Factor 4 Orbitals
3.5 Ranking the Four Factors
3.6 Quantitative Measurement (pKa values)
3.7 Predicting the Position of EQuilibrium
3.8 Showing a Mechanism
CHAPTER 4 GEOMETRY
4.1 Orbitals and Hybridization States
4.2 Geometry
CHAPTER 5 NOMENCLATURE
5.1 Functional Group
5.2 Unsaturation
5.3 Naming the Parent Chain
5.4 Naming Substituents
5.5 Stereoisomerism
5.6 Numbering
5.7 Common Names
5.8 Going from a Name to a Structure
CHAPTER 6 CONFORMATIONS
6.1 How to Draw a Newman Projection
6.2 Ranking the Stability of Newman Projections
6.3 Drawing Chair Conformations
6.4 Placing Groups on the Chair
6.5 Ring Flipping
6.6 Comparing the Stability of Chairs
6.7 Don't Be Confused by the Nomenclature
CHAPTER 7 CONFIGURATIONS
7.1 Locating Stereocenters
7.2 Determining the Configuration of a Stereocenter
7.3 Nomenclature
7.4 Drawing Enantiomers
7.5 Diastereomers
7.6 Meso Compounds
7.7 Drawing Fischer Projections
7.8 Optical Activity
CHAPTER 8 MECHANISMS
8.1 Curved Arrows
8.2 Arrow Pushing
8.3 Drawing Intermediates
8.4 Nucleophiles and Electrophiles
8.5 Bases Versus Nucleophiles
8.6 The Regiochemistry Is Contained Within the Mechanism
……
CHAPTER 9 SUBSTITUTION REACTIONS
CHAPTER 10 ELIMINATION REACTIONS
CHAPTER 11 ADDITION REACTIONS
CHAPTER 12 PREDICTING PRODUCTS
CHAPTER 13 SYNTHESIS
Answer Key
Index
作为第二语言的有机化学 Organic Chemistry I as a Second Language: Translating the Basic Concepts
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