简介
This historical survey aims to balance social and cultural issues with political and diplomatic. It sets out to help the instructor to organize his or her course in many different ways, confident that the text will support the topics discussed in class and provide students with the ideal book for self-study. This edition includes historiographical debates, new attention to native American history and revised sections on women's history. Over the past four editions, Brinkley has completely rewritten the narrative for clarity and currency. In this revision, he has cut the book back by 5-10 per cent to accomodate new material without increasing the length of the book. "Where historians disagree" boxes aim to provide a sense of historiography, exploring how historians do their work and how their work influences our perspectives on the past. The new final chapter covers the end of the Reagon-Bush administration and the new Democratic administration.
目录
Table Of Contents:
PREFACE xiii
CHAPTER ONE THE MEETING OF CULTURES 1(28)
AMERICA BEFORE COLUMBUS 1(4)
The Civilizations of the South 1(1)
The Civilizations of the North 2(3)
EUROPE LOOKS WESTWARD 5(12)
Commerce and Nationalism 5(1)
Christopher Columbus 6(3)
The Conquistadores 9(1)
The Spanish Empire 10(2)
Northern Outposts 12(1)
The Empire at High Tide 12(1)
Biological and Cultural Exchanges 13(2)
Africa and America 15(2)
THE ARRIVAL OF THE ENGLISH 17(7)
The Commercial Incentive 17(1)
The Religious Incentive 18(2)
The English in Ireland 20(1)
The French and the Dutch in America 21(1)
The First English Settlements 22(2)
Roanoke 24(1)
SIGNIFICANT EVENTS 24(1)
SUGGESTED READINGS 25(4)
CHAPTER TWO THE ENGLISH "TRANSPLANTATIONS" 29(34)
THE EARLY CHESAPEAKE 29(7)
The Founding of Jamestown 30(1)
Reorganization 31(1)
Expansion 32(1)
Maryland and the Calverts 33(1)
Turbulent Virginia 34(2)
Bacon's Rebellion 36(1)
CARIBBEAN COLONIZATION 36(1)
The West Indies 36(1)
Masters and Slaves 36(1)
THE GROWTH OF NEW ENGLAND 37(8)
Plymouth Plantation 37(2)
The Massachusetts Bay Experiment 39(2)
The Expansion of New England 41(2)
Settlers and Natives 43(2)
THE RESTORATION COLONIES 45(6)
The English Civil War 45(1)
The Carolinas 46(1)
New Netherland and New York 47(2)
The Quaker Colonies 49(1)
The Founding of Georgia 50(1)
THE DEVELOPMENT OF EMPIRE 51(3)
The Drive for Reorganization 51(2)
The Dominion of New England 53(1)
The "Glorious Revolution" 53(1)
SIGNIFICANT EVENTS 54(1)
SUGGESTED READINGS 55(8)
CHAPTER THREE LIFE IN PROVINCIAL AMERICA 63(32)
THE COLONIAL POPULATION 63(11)
The Early Population 63(2)
Birth and Death 65(1)
Women and Families in the Chesapeake 66(1)
Women and Families in New England 67(1)
The Beginnings of Slavery in British America 68(2)
Changing Sources of European Immigration 70(4)
THE COLONIAL ECONOMY 74(4)
The Southern Economy 74(1)
The Northern Economy 75(1)
The Rise of Colonial Commerce 76(2)
PATTERNS OF SOCIETY 78(6)
The Plantation 79(1)
The Puritan Community 80(2)
The Witchcraft Phenomenon 82(1)
Cities 83(1)
THE COLONIAL MIND 84(6)
The Pattern of Religions 84(1)
The Decline of Piety 85(1)
The Great Awakening 86(1)
Education 87(1)
The Allure of Science 88(1)
Concepts of Law and Politics 89(1)
SIGNIFICANT EVENTS 90(1)
SUGGESTED READINGS 91(4)
CHAPTER FOUR THE EMPIRE UNDER STRAIN 95(28)
A LOOSENING OF TIES 95(2)
A Tradition of Neglect 96(1)
The Colonies Divided 97(1)
THE STRUGGLE FOR THE CONTINENT 97(5)
New France and the Iroquois Nation 98(1)
Anglo-French Conflicts 99(1)
The Great War for the Empire 100(2)
THE NEW IMPERIALISM 102(6)
Burdens of Empire 102(3)
The British and the Tribes 105(1)
The Colonial Response 105(3)
STIRRINGS OF REVOLT 108(9)
The Stamp Act Crisis 109(1)
The Townshend Program 110(2)
The Boston Massacre 112(1)
The Philosophy of Revolt 112(2)
The Tea Excitement 114(3)
COOPERATION AND WAR 117(3)
New Sources of Authority 117(1)
Lexington and Concord 118(2)
SIGNIFICANT EVENTS 120(1)
SUGGESTED READINGS 121(2)
CHAPTER FIVE THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION 123(38)
THE STATES UNITED 123(5)
Defining American War Aims 123(2)
The Decision for Independence 125(1)
Mobilizing for War 126(2)
THE WAR FOR INDEPENDENCE 128(8)
The First Phase: New England 128(2)
The Second Phase: The Mid-Atlantic Region 130(3)
Securing Aid from Abroad 133(1)
The Final Phase: The South 133(3)
Winning the Peace 136(1)
WAR AND SOCIETY 136(8)
Loyalists and Minorities 137(3)
Native Americans and the Revolution 140(1)
Women's Rights and Women's Roles 141(2)
The War Economy 143(1)
THE CREATION OF STATE GOVERNMENTS 144(2)
The Assumptions of Republicanism 144(1)
The First State Constitutions 145(1)
Revising State Governments 145(1)
Toleration and Slavery 146(1)
THE SEARCH FOR A NATIONAL GOVERNMENT 146(6)
The Confederation 147(1)
Diplomatic Failures 147(1)
The Confederation and the Northwest 147(2)
Indians and the Western Lands 149(2)
Debts, Taxes, and Daniel Shays 151(1)
SIGNIFICANT EVENTS 152(1)
SUGGESTED READINGS 153(8)
CHAPTER SIX THE CONSTITUTION AND THE NEW REPUBLIC 161(22)
FRAMING A NEW GOVERNMENT 161(9)
Advocates of Centralization 162(1)
A Divided Convention 163(1)
Compromise 164(1)
The Constitution of 1787 164(4)
Federalists and Antifederalists 168(1)
Completing the Structure 169(1)
FEDERALISTS AND REPUBLICANS 170(4)
Hamilton and the Federalists 171(1)
Enacting the Federalist Program 171(1)
The Republican Opposition 172(2)
ESTABLISHING NATIONAL SOVEREIGNTY 174(2)
Securing the Frontier 174(1)
Maintaining Neutrality 175(1)
THE DOWNFALL OF THE FEDERALISTS 176(4)
The Election of 1796 176(1)
The Quasi War with France 177(1)
Repression and Protest 178(1)
The "Revolution" of 1800 179(1)
SIGNIFICANT EVENTS 180(1)
SUGGESTED READINGS 180(3)
CHAPTER SEVEN THE JEFFERSONIAN ERA 183(36)
THE RISE OF CULTURAL NATIONALISM 183(7)
Education and Professionalism 184(2)
"The Rising Glory of America" 186(1)
The Second Great Awakening 187(3)
STIRRINGS OF INDUSTRIALISM 190(5)
The Industrial Revolution in England 190(1)
Technology in America 191(2)
Trade and Transportation 193(1)
Country and City 194(1)
JEFFERSON THE PRESIDENT 195(5)
The Federal City 196(1)
President and Party Leader 196(1)
Dollars and Ships 197(1)
Conflict with the Courts 198(2)
DOUBLING THE NATIONAL DOMAIN 200(4)
Jefferson and Napoleon 200(2)
The Louisiana Purchase 202(1)
Exploring the West 203(1)
The Burr Conspiracy 204(1)
EXPANSION AND WAR 204(6)
Conflict on the Seas 205(1)
Impressment 205(1)
"Peaceable Coercion" 206(1)
Conflicts in the West 206(2)
Tecumseh and the Prophet 208(1)
The Lure of Florida 209(1)
THE WAR OF 1812 210(4)
Battles with the Tribes 210(2)
Battles with the British 212(2)
The Revolt of New England 214(2)
The Peace Settlement 216
SIGNIFICANT EVENTS 214(2)
SUGGESTED READINGS 216(3)
CHAPTER EIGHT VARIETIES OF AMERICAN NATIONALISM 219(22)
STABILIZING ECONOMIC GROWTH 220(4)
Banking, Currency, and Protection 220(2)
Transportation 222(2)
EXPANDING WESTWARD 224(3)
The Great Migration 224(1)
White Settlers in the Old Northwest 224(1)
The Plantation System in the Southwest 225(1)
Trade and Trapping in the Far West 226(1)
Eastern Images of the West 227(1)
THE "ERA OF GOOD FEELINGS" 227(2)
The End of the First Party System 228(1)
John Quincy Adams and Florida 228(1)
The Panic of 1819 229(1)
SECTIONALISM AND NATIONALISM 229(6)
The Missouri Compromise 229(2)
Marshall and the Court 231(2)
The Court and the Tribes 233(1)
The Latin American Revolution and the Monroe Doctrine 234(1)
THE REVIVAL OF OPPOSITION 235(2)
The "Corrupt Bargain" 236(1)
The Second President Adams 237(1)
Jackson Triumphant 238
SIGNIFICANT EVENTS 237(2)
SUGGESTED READINGS 239(2)
CHAPTER NINE JACKSONIAN AMERICA 241(28)
THE RISE OF MASS POLITICS 242(3)
The Expanding Electorate 242(2)
The Legitimization of Party 244(1)
"President of the Common Man" 244(1)
"OUR FEDERAL UNION" 245(3)
Calhoun and Nullification 245(1)
The Rise of Van Buren 246(1)
The Webster-Hayne Debate 247(1)
The Nullification Crisis 247(1)
THE REMOVAL OF THE INDIANS 248(5)
White Attitudes Toward the Tribes 249(1)
The Black Hawk War 249(1)
The "Five Civilized Tribes" 250(1)
Trails of Tears 250(2)
The Meaning of Removal 252(1)
JACKSON AND THE BANK WAR 253(3)
Biddle's Institution 253(1)
The "Monster" Destroyed 254(1)
The Taney Court 255(1)
THE EMERGENCE OF THE SECOND PARTY SYSTEM 256(3)
Party Philosophies 256(1)
Party Constituencies 257(1)
Party Leadership 257(2)
POLITICS AFTER JACKSON 259(4)
The Panic of 1837 260(2)
The Log Cabin Campaign 262(1)
The Frustration of the Whigs 262(2)
Whig Diplomacy 264
SIGNIFICANT EVENTS 263(2)
SUGGESTED READINGS 265(4)
CHAPTER TEN AMERICA'S ECONOMIC REVOLUTION 269(36)
FOUNDATIONS OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT 269(5)
The American Population, 1820-1840 270(1)
Immigration and Urban Growth, 1840-1860 271(1)
The Rise of Nativism 272(2)
TRANSPORTATION AND COMMUNICATIONS REVOLUTIONS 274(6)
The Canal Age 275(2)
The Early Railroads 277(1)
The Triumph of the Rails 278(1)
Innovations in Communications and Journalism 279(1)
COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY 280(4)
The Expansion of Business, 1820-1840 281(1)
The Emergence of the Factory 281(1)
The Expansion of Industry, 1840-1860 282(2)
MEN AND WOMEN AT WORK 284(4)
Recruiting a Native Work Force 284(2)
The Immigrant Work Force 286(1)
The Factory System and the Artisan Tradition 287(1)
Fighting for Control 287(1)
PATTERNS OF SOCIETY 288(10)
The Rich and the Poor 288(2)
Social Mobility 290(1)
The Changing Family 290(1)
The "Cult of Domesticity" 291(3)
THE AGRICULTURAL NORTH 294(1)
Northeastern Agriculture 294(1)
The Old Northwest 294(1)
SIGNIFICANT EVENTS 295(2)
SUGGESTED READINGS 297(8)
CHAPTER ELEVEN COTTON, SLAVERY, AND THE OLD SOUTH 305(24)
THE COTTON ECONOMY 305(4)
The Rise of King Cotton 305(3)
Southern Trade and Industry 308(1)
Sources of Southern Difference 309(1)
SOUTHERN SOCIETY 309(6)
The Planter Class 310(2)
The "Southern Lady" 312(1)
The Plain Folk 313(2)
THE "PECULIAR INSTITUTION" 315(8)
Varieties of Slavery 315(2)
Life Under Slavery 317(1)
Slavery in the Cities 318(1)
Free Blacks 319(1)
The Slave Trade 319(1)
Slave Resistance 320(3)
THE CULTURE OF SLAVERY 323(2)
Language and Music 324(1)
African-American Religion 324(1)
The Slave Family 325(1)
SIGNIFICANT EVENTS 325(1)
SUGGESTED READINGS 326(3)
CHAPTER TWELVE AN AGE OF REFORMS 329(22)
THE ROMANTIC IMPULSE 329(5)
Literature and the Quest for Liberation 330(1)
Literature in the Antebellum South 331(1)
The Transcendentalists 331(1)
Visions of Utopia 332(1)
Redefining Gender Roles 333(1)
The Mormons 333(1)
REMAKING SOCIETY 334(8)
Revivalism, Morality, and Order 335(1)
The Temperance Crusade 335(2)
Trends in Health and Science 337(1)
Education 337(2)
Rehabilitation 339(2)
The Rise of Feminism 341(1)
THE CRUSADE AGAINST SLAVERY 342(4)
Early Opposition to Slavery 342(1)
Garrison and Abolitionism 342(1)
Black Abolitionists 343(1)
Anti-Abolitionism 344(1)
Abolitionism Divided 344(2)
SIGNIFICANT EVENTS 346(2)
SUGGESTED READINGS 348(3)
CHAPTER THIRTEEN THE IMPENDING CRISIS 351(30)
LOOKING WESTWARD 351(7)
Manifest Destiny 351(1)
Texas 352(2)
Oregon 354(3)
The Westward Migration 357(1)
EXPANSION AND WAR 358(5)
The Democrats and Expansion 358(1)
The Southwest and California 359(1)
The Mexican War 360(3)
THE SECTIONAL DEBATE 363(5)
Slavery and the Territories 363(1)
The California Gold Rush 364(2)
Rising Sectional Tensions 366(1)
The Compromise of 1850 366(2)
THE CRISES OF THE 1850s 368(10)
The Uneasy Truce 368(1)
"Young America" 369(1)
Slavery, Railroads, and the West 369(1)
The Kansas-Nebraska Controversy 370(1)
"Bleeding Kansas" 370(1)
The Free-Soil Ideology 371(1)
The Pro-Slavery Argument 372(1)
Buchanan and Depression 373(1)
The Dred Scott Decision 374(1)
Deadlock over Kansas 375(1)
The Emergence of Lincoln 375(1)
John Brown's Raid 376(1)
The Election of Lincoln 377(1)
SIGNIFICANT EVENTS 378(1)
SUGGESTED READINGS 379(2)
CHAPTER FOURTEEN THE CIVIL WAR 381(32)
THE SECESSION CRISIS 381(5)
The Withdrawal of the South 381(1)
The Failure of Compromise 382(1)
The Opposing Sides 383(3)
THE MOBILIZATION OF THE NORTH 386(6)
Economic Measures 386(1)
Raising the Union Armies 387(1)
Wartime Politics 388(1)
The Politics of Emancipation 389(1)
The War and Economic Development 390(1)
Women, Nursing, and the War 390(2)
THE MOBILIZATION OF THE SOUTH 392(3)
The Confederate Government 392(1)
Money and Manpower 392(1)
States' Rights Versus Centralization 393(1)
Economic and Social Effects of the War 394(1)
STRATEGY AND DIPLOMACY 395(3)
The Commanders 395(1)
The Role of Sea Power 396(1)
Europe and the Disunited States 396(2)
The American West and the War 398(1)
CAMPAIGNS AND BATTLES 398(8)
The Opening Clashes, 1861 399(1)
The Western Theater 400(2)
The Virginia Front, 1862 402(1)
1863: Year of Decision 403(2)
The Last Stage, 1864-1865 405(1)
SIGNIFICANT EVENTS 406(3)
SUGGESTED READINGS 409(4)
CHAPTER FIFTEEN RECONSTRUCTION AND THE NEW SOUTH 413
THE PROBLEMS OF PEACEMAKING 413(4)
The Aftermath of War and Emancipation 413(2)
Issues of Reconstruction 415(1)
Plans for Reconstruction 415(1)
The Death of Lincoln 416(1)
Johnson and "Restoration" 417(1)
RADICAL RECONSTRUCTION 417(4)
The Black Codes 417(1)
The Fourteenth Amendment 418(1)
The Congressional Plan 419(1)
The Fifteenth Amendment 420(1)
Impeaching the President, Assaulting the Courts 420(1)
THE SOUTH IN RECONSTRUCTION 421(5)
The Reconstruction Governments 421(2)
Education 423(1)
Landownership and Tenancy 423(2)
Incomes and Credit 425(1)
The African-American Family in Freedom 425(1)
THE GRANT ADMINISTRATION 426(3)
The Soldier President 426(1)
The Liberal Republicans 427(1)
The Grant Scandals 428(1)
The Greenback Question 428(1)
Republican Diplomacy 429(1)
THE ABANDONMENT OF RECONSTRUCTION 429(5)
The Southern States "Redeemed" 429(1)
The Compromise of 1877 430(1)
The Legacy of Reconstruction 431(3)
THE NEW SOUTH 434(10)
The "Redeemers" 434(1)
Industrialization and the "New South" 435(2)
Tenants and Sharecroppers 437(3)
African Americans and the New South 440(1)
The Birth of Jim Crow 441(1)
SIGNIFICANT EVENTS 444(1)
SUGGESTED READINGS 444
THE AMERICAN ENVIRONMENT 57(15)
THE OTHER PILGRIMS 57
THE GRID 155
THE FLOW OF WATER 299
WHERE HISTORIANS DISAGREE 72
THE ORIGINS OF SLAVERY 72
THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION 138
THE BACKGROUND OF THE CONSTITUTION 166
THE AGE OF JACKSON 258
THE CHARACTER OF PLANTATION SLAVERY 322
THE CAUSES OF THE CIVIL WAR 384
RECONSTRUCTION 432
THE ORIGINS OF SEGREGATION 438
APPENDICES A-1
MAPS A-2(7)
The United States A-2(2)
Topographical Map of the United States A-4(2)
The World A-6(2)
United States Territorial Expansion, 1783-1898 A-8(1)
DOCUMENTS AND TABLES A-9
The Declaration of Independence A-9(3)
The Constitution of the United States of America A-12(12)
Presidential Elections A-24(4)
Vice Presidents and Cabinet Members A-28(11)
Population of the United States, 1790-1993 A-39(1)
Employment, 1870-1992 A-39(1)
Production, Trade, and Federal Spending/Debt, 1790-1992 A-40
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS ILL-1
LIST OF MAPS MC-1
LIST OF CHARTS MC-1
INDEX I-1
PREFACE xiii
CHAPTER ONE THE MEETING OF CULTURES 1(28)
AMERICA BEFORE COLUMBUS 1(4)
The Civilizations of the South 1(1)
The Civilizations of the North 2(3)
EUROPE LOOKS WESTWARD 5(12)
Commerce and Nationalism 5(1)
Christopher Columbus 6(3)
The Conquistadores 9(1)
The Spanish Empire 10(2)
Northern Outposts 12(1)
The Empire at High Tide 12(1)
Biological and Cultural Exchanges 13(2)
Africa and America 15(2)
THE ARRIVAL OF THE ENGLISH 17(7)
The Commercial Incentive 17(1)
The Religious Incentive 18(2)
The English in Ireland 20(1)
The French and the Dutch in America 21(1)
The First English Settlements 22(2)
Roanoke 24(1)
SIGNIFICANT EVENTS 24(1)
SUGGESTED READINGS 25(4)
CHAPTER TWO THE ENGLISH "TRANSPLANTATIONS" 29(34)
THE EARLY CHESAPEAKE 29(7)
The Founding of Jamestown 30(1)
Reorganization 31(1)
Expansion 32(1)
Maryland and the Calverts 33(1)
Turbulent Virginia 34(2)
Bacon's Rebellion 36(1)
CARIBBEAN COLONIZATION 36(1)
The West Indies 36(1)
Masters and Slaves 36(1)
THE GROWTH OF NEW ENGLAND 37(8)
Plymouth Plantation 37(2)
The Massachusetts Bay Experiment 39(2)
The Expansion of New England 41(2)
Settlers and Natives 43(2)
THE RESTORATION COLONIES 45(6)
The English Civil War 45(1)
The Carolinas 46(1)
New Netherland and New York 47(2)
The Quaker Colonies 49(1)
The Founding of Georgia 50(1)
THE DEVELOPMENT OF EMPIRE 51(3)
The Drive for Reorganization 51(2)
The Dominion of New England 53(1)
The "Glorious Revolution" 53(1)
SIGNIFICANT EVENTS 54(1)
SUGGESTED READINGS 55(8)
CHAPTER THREE LIFE IN PROVINCIAL AMERICA 63(32)
THE COLONIAL POPULATION 63(11)
The Early Population 63(2)
Birth and Death 65(1)
Women and Families in the Chesapeake 66(1)
Women and Families in New England 67(1)
The Beginnings of Slavery in British America 68(2)
Changing Sources of European Immigration 70(4)
THE COLONIAL ECONOMY 74(4)
The Southern Economy 74(1)
The Northern Economy 75(1)
The Rise of Colonial Commerce 76(2)
PATTERNS OF SOCIETY 78(6)
The Plantation 79(1)
The Puritan Community 80(2)
The Witchcraft Phenomenon 82(1)
Cities 83(1)
THE COLONIAL MIND 84(6)
The Pattern of Religions 84(1)
The Decline of Piety 85(1)
The Great Awakening 86(1)
Education 87(1)
The Allure of Science 88(1)
Concepts of Law and Politics 89(1)
SIGNIFICANT EVENTS 90(1)
SUGGESTED READINGS 91(4)
CHAPTER FOUR THE EMPIRE UNDER STRAIN 95(28)
A LOOSENING OF TIES 95(2)
A Tradition of Neglect 96(1)
The Colonies Divided 97(1)
THE STRUGGLE FOR THE CONTINENT 97(5)
New France and the Iroquois Nation 98(1)
Anglo-French Conflicts 99(1)
The Great War for the Empire 100(2)
THE NEW IMPERIALISM 102(6)
Burdens of Empire 102(3)
The British and the Tribes 105(1)
The Colonial Response 105(3)
STIRRINGS OF REVOLT 108(9)
The Stamp Act Crisis 109(1)
The Townshend Program 110(2)
The Boston Massacre 112(1)
The Philosophy of Revolt 112(2)
The Tea Excitement 114(3)
COOPERATION AND WAR 117(3)
New Sources of Authority 117(1)
Lexington and Concord 118(2)
SIGNIFICANT EVENTS 120(1)
SUGGESTED READINGS 121(2)
CHAPTER FIVE THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION 123(38)
THE STATES UNITED 123(5)
Defining American War Aims 123(2)
The Decision for Independence 125(1)
Mobilizing for War 126(2)
THE WAR FOR INDEPENDENCE 128(8)
The First Phase: New England 128(2)
The Second Phase: The Mid-Atlantic Region 130(3)
Securing Aid from Abroad 133(1)
The Final Phase: The South 133(3)
Winning the Peace 136(1)
WAR AND SOCIETY 136(8)
Loyalists and Minorities 137(3)
Native Americans and the Revolution 140(1)
Women's Rights and Women's Roles 141(2)
The War Economy 143(1)
THE CREATION OF STATE GOVERNMENTS 144(2)
The Assumptions of Republicanism 144(1)
The First State Constitutions 145(1)
Revising State Governments 145(1)
Toleration and Slavery 146(1)
THE SEARCH FOR A NATIONAL GOVERNMENT 146(6)
The Confederation 147(1)
Diplomatic Failures 147(1)
The Confederation and the Northwest 147(2)
Indians and the Western Lands 149(2)
Debts, Taxes, and Daniel Shays 151(1)
SIGNIFICANT EVENTS 152(1)
SUGGESTED READINGS 153(8)
CHAPTER SIX THE CONSTITUTION AND THE NEW REPUBLIC 161(22)
FRAMING A NEW GOVERNMENT 161(9)
Advocates of Centralization 162(1)
A Divided Convention 163(1)
Compromise 164(1)
The Constitution of 1787 164(4)
Federalists and Antifederalists 168(1)
Completing the Structure 169(1)
FEDERALISTS AND REPUBLICANS 170(4)
Hamilton and the Federalists 171(1)
Enacting the Federalist Program 171(1)
The Republican Opposition 172(2)
ESTABLISHING NATIONAL SOVEREIGNTY 174(2)
Securing the Frontier 174(1)
Maintaining Neutrality 175(1)
THE DOWNFALL OF THE FEDERALISTS 176(4)
The Election of 1796 176(1)
The Quasi War with France 177(1)
Repression and Protest 178(1)
The "Revolution" of 1800 179(1)
SIGNIFICANT EVENTS 180(1)
SUGGESTED READINGS 180(3)
CHAPTER SEVEN THE JEFFERSONIAN ERA 183(36)
THE RISE OF CULTURAL NATIONALISM 183(7)
Education and Professionalism 184(2)
"The Rising Glory of America" 186(1)
The Second Great Awakening 187(3)
STIRRINGS OF INDUSTRIALISM 190(5)
The Industrial Revolution in England 190(1)
Technology in America 191(2)
Trade and Transportation 193(1)
Country and City 194(1)
JEFFERSON THE PRESIDENT 195(5)
The Federal City 196(1)
President and Party Leader 196(1)
Dollars and Ships 197(1)
Conflict with the Courts 198(2)
DOUBLING THE NATIONAL DOMAIN 200(4)
Jefferson and Napoleon 200(2)
The Louisiana Purchase 202(1)
Exploring the West 203(1)
The Burr Conspiracy 204(1)
EXPANSION AND WAR 204(6)
Conflict on the Seas 205(1)
Impressment 205(1)
"Peaceable Coercion" 206(1)
Conflicts in the West 206(2)
Tecumseh and the Prophet 208(1)
The Lure of Florida 209(1)
THE WAR OF 1812 210(4)
Battles with the Tribes 210(2)
Battles with the British 212(2)
The Revolt of New England 214(2)
The Peace Settlement 216
SIGNIFICANT EVENTS 214(2)
SUGGESTED READINGS 216(3)
CHAPTER EIGHT VARIETIES OF AMERICAN NATIONALISM 219(22)
STABILIZING ECONOMIC GROWTH 220(4)
Banking, Currency, and Protection 220(2)
Transportation 222(2)
EXPANDING WESTWARD 224(3)
The Great Migration 224(1)
White Settlers in the Old Northwest 224(1)
The Plantation System in the Southwest 225(1)
Trade and Trapping in the Far West 226(1)
Eastern Images of the West 227(1)
THE "ERA OF GOOD FEELINGS" 227(2)
The End of the First Party System 228(1)
John Quincy Adams and Florida 228(1)
The Panic of 1819 229(1)
SECTIONALISM AND NATIONALISM 229(6)
The Missouri Compromise 229(2)
Marshall and the Court 231(2)
The Court and the Tribes 233(1)
The Latin American Revolution and the Monroe Doctrine 234(1)
THE REVIVAL OF OPPOSITION 235(2)
The "Corrupt Bargain" 236(1)
The Second President Adams 237(1)
Jackson Triumphant 238
SIGNIFICANT EVENTS 237(2)
SUGGESTED READINGS 239(2)
CHAPTER NINE JACKSONIAN AMERICA 241(28)
THE RISE OF MASS POLITICS 242(3)
The Expanding Electorate 242(2)
The Legitimization of Party 244(1)
"President of the Common Man" 244(1)
"OUR FEDERAL UNION" 245(3)
Calhoun and Nullification 245(1)
The Rise of Van Buren 246(1)
The Webster-Hayne Debate 247(1)
The Nullification Crisis 247(1)
THE REMOVAL OF THE INDIANS 248(5)
White Attitudes Toward the Tribes 249(1)
The Black Hawk War 249(1)
The "Five Civilized Tribes" 250(1)
Trails of Tears 250(2)
The Meaning of Removal 252(1)
JACKSON AND THE BANK WAR 253(3)
Biddle's Institution 253(1)
The "Monster" Destroyed 254(1)
The Taney Court 255(1)
THE EMERGENCE OF THE SECOND PARTY SYSTEM 256(3)
Party Philosophies 256(1)
Party Constituencies 257(1)
Party Leadership 257(2)
POLITICS AFTER JACKSON 259(4)
The Panic of 1837 260(2)
The Log Cabin Campaign 262(1)
The Frustration of the Whigs 262(2)
Whig Diplomacy 264
SIGNIFICANT EVENTS 263(2)
SUGGESTED READINGS 265(4)
CHAPTER TEN AMERICA'S ECONOMIC REVOLUTION 269(36)
FOUNDATIONS OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT 269(5)
The American Population, 1820-1840 270(1)
Immigration and Urban Growth, 1840-1860 271(1)
The Rise of Nativism 272(2)
TRANSPORTATION AND COMMUNICATIONS REVOLUTIONS 274(6)
The Canal Age 275(2)
The Early Railroads 277(1)
The Triumph of the Rails 278(1)
Innovations in Communications and Journalism 279(1)
COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY 280(4)
The Expansion of Business, 1820-1840 281(1)
The Emergence of the Factory 281(1)
The Expansion of Industry, 1840-1860 282(2)
MEN AND WOMEN AT WORK 284(4)
Recruiting a Native Work Force 284(2)
The Immigrant Work Force 286(1)
The Factory System and the Artisan Tradition 287(1)
Fighting for Control 287(1)
PATTERNS OF SOCIETY 288(10)
The Rich and the Poor 288(2)
Social Mobility 290(1)
The Changing Family 290(1)
The "Cult of Domesticity" 291(3)
THE AGRICULTURAL NORTH 294(1)
Northeastern Agriculture 294(1)
The Old Northwest 294(1)
SIGNIFICANT EVENTS 295(2)
SUGGESTED READINGS 297(8)
CHAPTER ELEVEN COTTON, SLAVERY, AND THE OLD SOUTH 305(24)
THE COTTON ECONOMY 305(4)
The Rise of King Cotton 305(3)
Southern Trade and Industry 308(1)
Sources of Southern Difference 309(1)
SOUTHERN SOCIETY 309(6)
The Planter Class 310(2)
The "Southern Lady" 312(1)
The Plain Folk 313(2)
THE "PECULIAR INSTITUTION" 315(8)
Varieties of Slavery 315(2)
Life Under Slavery 317(1)
Slavery in the Cities 318(1)
Free Blacks 319(1)
The Slave Trade 319(1)
Slave Resistance 320(3)
THE CULTURE OF SLAVERY 323(2)
Language and Music 324(1)
African-American Religion 324(1)
The Slave Family 325(1)
SIGNIFICANT EVENTS 325(1)
SUGGESTED READINGS 326(3)
CHAPTER TWELVE AN AGE OF REFORMS 329(22)
THE ROMANTIC IMPULSE 329(5)
Literature and the Quest for Liberation 330(1)
Literature in the Antebellum South 331(1)
The Transcendentalists 331(1)
Visions of Utopia 332(1)
Redefining Gender Roles 333(1)
The Mormons 333(1)
REMAKING SOCIETY 334(8)
Revivalism, Morality, and Order 335(1)
The Temperance Crusade 335(2)
Trends in Health and Science 337(1)
Education 337(2)
Rehabilitation 339(2)
The Rise of Feminism 341(1)
THE CRUSADE AGAINST SLAVERY 342(4)
Early Opposition to Slavery 342(1)
Garrison and Abolitionism 342(1)
Black Abolitionists 343(1)
Anti-Abolitionism 344(1)
Abolitionism Divided 344(2)
SIGNIFICANT EVENTS 346(2)
SUGGESTED READINGS 348(3)
CHAPTER THIRTEEN THE IMPENDING CRISIS 351(30)
LOOKING WESTWARD 351(7)
Manifest Destiny 351(1)
Texas 352(2)
Oregon 354(3)
The Westward Migration 357(1)
EXPANSION AND WAR 358(5)
The Democrats and Expansion 358(1)
The Southwest and California 359(1)
The Mexican War 360(3)
THE SECTIONAL DEBATE 363(5)
Slavery and the Territories 363(1)
The California Gold Rush 364(2)
Rising Sectional Tensions 366(1)
The Compromise of 1850 366(2)
THE CRISES OF THE 1850s 368(10)
The Uneasy Truce 368(1)
"Young America" 369(1)
Slavery, Railroads, and the West 369(1)
The Kansas-Nebraska Controversy 370(1)
"Bleeding Kansas" 370(1)
The Free-Soil Ideology 371(1)
The Pro-Slavery Argument 372(1)
Buchanan and Depression 373(1)
The Dred Scott Decision 374(1)
Deadlock over Kansas 375(1)
The Emergence of Lincoln 375(1)
John Brown's Raid 376(1)
The Election of Lincoln 377(1)
SIGNIFICANT EVENTS 378(1)
SUGGESTED READINGS 379(2)
CHAPTER FOURTEEN THE CIVIL WAR 381(32)
THE SECESSION CRISIS 381(5)
The Withdrawal of the South 381(1)
The Failure of Compromise 382(1)
The Opposing Sides 383(3)
THE MOBILIZATION OF THE NORTH 386(6)
Economic Measures 386(1)
Raising the Union Armies 387(1)
Wartime Politics 388(1)
The Politics of Emancipation 389(1)
The War and Economic Development 390(1)
Women, Nursing, and the War 390(2)
THE MOBILIZATION OF THE SOUTH 392(3)
The Confederate Government 392(1)
Money and Manpower 392(1)
States' Rights Versus Centralization 393(1)
Economic and Social Effects of the War 394(1)
STRATEGY AND DIPLOMACY 395(3)
The Commanders 395(1)
The Role of Sea Power 396(1)
Europe and the Disunited States 396(2)
The American West and the War 398(1)
CAMPAIGNS AND BATTLES 398(8)
The Opening Clashes, 1861 399(1)
The Western Theater 400(2)
The Virginia Front, 1862 402(1)
1863: Year of Decision 403(2)
The Last Stage, 1864-1865 405(1)
SIGNIFICANT EVENTS 406(3)
SUGGESTED READINGS 409(4)
CHAPTER FIFTEEN RECONSTRUCTION AND THE NEW SOUTH 413
THE PROBLEMS OF PEACEMAKING 413(4)
The Aftermath of War and Emancipation 413(2)
Issues of Reconstruction 415(1)
Plans for Reconstruction 415(1)
The Death of Lincoln 416(1)
Johnson and "Restoration" 417(1)
RADICAL RECONSTRUCTION 417(4)
The Black Codes 417(1)
The Fourteenth Amendment 418(1)
The Congressional Plan 419(1)
The Fifteenth Amendment 420(1)
Impeaching the President, Assaulting the Courts 420(1)
THE SOUTH IN RECONSTRUCTION 421(5)
The Reconstruction Governments 421(2)
Education 423(1)
Landownership and Tenancy 423(2)
Incomes and Credit 425(1)
The African-American Family in Freedom 425(1)
THE GRANT ADMINISTRATION 426(3)
The Soldier President 426(1)
The Liberal Republicans 427(1)
The Grant Scandals 428(1)
The Greenback Question 428(1)
Republican Diplomacy 429(1)
THE ABANDONMENT OF RECONSTRUCTION 429(5)
The Southern States "Redeemed" 429(1)
The Compromise of 1877 430(1)
The Legacy of Reconstruction 431(3)
THE NEW SOUTH 434(10)
The "Redeemers" 434(1)
Industrialization and the "New South" 435(2)
Tenants and Sharecroppers 437(3)
African Americans and the New South 440(1)
The Birth of Jim Crow 441(1)
SIGNIFICANT EVENTS 444(1)
SUGGESTED READINGS 444
THE AMERICAN ENVIRONMENT 57(15)
THE OTHER PILGRIMS 57
THE GRID 155
THE FLOW OF WATER 299
WHERE HISTORIANS DISAGREE 72
THE ORIGINS OF SLAVERY 72
THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION 138
THE BACKGROUND OF THE CONSTITUTION 166
THE AGE OF JACKSON 258
THE CHARACTER OF PLANTATION SLAVERY 322
THE CAUSES OF THE CIVIL WAR 384
RECONSTRUCTION 432
THE ORIGINS OF SEGREGATION 438
APPENDICES A-1
MAPS A-2(7)
The United States A-2(2)
Topographical Map of the United States A-4(2)
The World A-6(2)
United States Territorial Expansion, 1783-1898 A-8(1)
DOCUMENTS AND TABLES A-9
The Declaration of Independence A-9(3)
The Constitution of the United States of America A-12(12)
Presidential Elections A-24(4)
Vice Presidents and Cabinet Members A-28(11)
Population of the United States, 1790-1993 A-39(1)
Employment, 1870-1992 A-39(1)
Production, Trade, and Federal Spending/Debt, 1790-1992 A-40
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS ILL-1
LIST OF MAPS MC-1
LIST OF CHARTS MC-1
INDEX I-1
- 名称
- 类型
- 大小
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