简介
Summary:
Publisher Summary 1
Programming by demonstration (PBD) is a remarkable method that allows end users to create, customize, and extend programs by demonstrating what the program should do. This volume, which grew out of a workshop held at Apple Computer in March 1992, investigates the various issues that arise in trying to make this idea practical. The first section describes 18 computer implementations of PBD, and the second section discusses the problems and opportunities for PBD in more general terms. Included in the appendices is a test suite, a collection of practical examples illustrating the broad variety of tasks that are amenable to PBD. Annotation copyright Book News, Inc. Portland, Or.
Publisher Summary 2
Until recently most programming power has been in the hands of the professional programmer rather than the end user. Programming by Demonstration is a method that allows end users to create, customize, and extend programs by demonstrating what the program should do. Programming by Demonstration systems have existed since 1975, yet this is the first time that information on all of the best of these systems has been gathered in one place. The first section of the book describes 18 computer implementations of Programming by Demonstration, and the second section discusses the problems and opportunities for this method in more general terms.Included in the appendices is a test suite, a collection of practical examples illustrating the broad variety of tasks that are amenable to Programming by Demonstration. The test suite is also useful for researchers, who can evaluate their own systems in terms of how well they are able to automate these tasks.Allen Cypher is a Research Scientist with the Advanced Technology Group, Apple Computer, Inc.Contents: Introduction.Section 1. Systems. Pygmalion. Tinker. A Predictive Calculator. Rehearsal World. SmallStar. Peridot. Metamouse. TELS. Eager. Garnet. The Turvy Experience. Chimera. The Geometer's Sketchpad. Tourmaline. A History-Based Macro by Example System. Mondrian. Triggers. The AIDE Project.Section II. Components. A History of Editable Graphical, Histories. Graphical Representation and Feedback in a PBD System. PBD Invocation Techniques. A System-Wide Macro Facility Based on Aggregate Events. Making Programming Accessible to Visual Problem Solvers. Using Voice Input to Disambiguate Intent.Section III. Perspectives. Characterizing PBD Systems. Demonstrational Interfaces. Just-in-Time Programming.
Publisher Summary 3
Programming by Demonstration is a method that allows end users to create, customize, and extend programs by demonstrating what the program should do.
目录
Table Of Contents:
Foreword xi
Alan Kay
Preface xvii
Introduction: Bringing Programming to End Users 1(12)
I Systems 13(390)
Pygmalion: An Executable Electronic Blackboard 19(30)
David Canfield Smith
Tinker: A Programming by Demonstration System for Beginning Programmers 49(18)
Henry Lieberman
A Predictive Calculator 67(12)
Ian H. Witten
Rehearsal World: Programming by Rehearsal 79(24)
William F. Finzer
Laura Gould
SmallStar: Programming by Demonstration in the Desktop Metaphor 103(22)
Daniel C. Halbert
Peridot: Creating User Interfaces by Demonstration 125(30)
Brad A. Myers
Metamouse: An Instructible Agent for Programming by Demonstration 155(28)
David Maulsby
Ian H. Witten
TELS: Learning Text Editing Tasks from Examples 183(22)
Ian H. Witten
Dan Mo
Eager: Programming Repetitive Tasks by Demonstration 205(14)
Allen Cypher
Garnet: Uses of Demonstrational Techniques 219(20)
Brad A. Myers
The Turvy Experience: Simulating an Instructible Interface 239(32)
David Maulsby
Chimera: Example-Based Graphical Editing 271(22)
David Kurlander
The Geometer's Sketchpad: Programming by Geometry 293(16)
R. Nicholas Jackiw
William F. Finzer
Tourmaline: Text Formatting by Demonstration 309(14)
Brad A. Myers
A History-Based Macro by Example System 323(18)
David Kurlander
Steven Feiner
Mondrian: A Teachable Graphical Editor 341(20)
Henry Lieberman
Triggers: Guiding Automation with Pixels to Achieve Data Access 361(22)
Richard Potter
The AIDE Project: An Application-Independent Demonstrational Environment 383(20)
Philippe P. Piernot
Marc P. Yvon
II Components 403(62)
A History of Editable Graphical Histories 405(10)
David Kurlander
Steven Feiner
Graphical Representation and Feedback in a PBD System 415(8)
Francesmary Modugno
Brad A. Myers
PBD Invocation Techniques: A Review and Proposal 423(10)
David S. Kosbie
Brad A. Myers
A System-Wide Macro Facility Based on Aggregate Events: A Proposal 433(14)
David S. Kosbie
Brad A. Myers
Making Programming Accessible to Visual Problem Solvers 447(10)
Henry Lieberman
Using Voice Input to Disambiguate Intent 457(8)
Alan Turransky
III Perspectives 465(62)
Characterizing PBD Systems 467(18)
Allen Cypher
David S. Kosbie
David Maulsby
Demonstrational Interfaces: A Step Beyond Direct Manipulation 485(28)
Brad A. Myers
Just-in-Time Programming 513(14)
Richard Potter
IV Appendices 527(78)
A A Programming by Demonstration Chronology: 23 Years of Examples 529(10)
David Maulsby
Alan Turransky
B A Test Suite for Programming by Demonstration 539(54)
Richard Potter
David Maulsby
C Glossary 593(12)
Brad A. Myers
David Maulsby
Bibliography 605(32)
Contributors 637(4)
Index 641
Foreword xi
Alan Kay
Preface xvii
Introduction: Bringing Programming to End Users 1(12)
I Systems 13(390)
Pygmalion: An Executable Electronic Blackboard 19(30)
David Canfield Smith
Tinker: A Programming by Demonstration System for Beginning Programmers 49(18)
Henry Lieberman
A Predictive Calculator 67(12)
Ian H. Witten
Rehearsal World: Programming by Rehearsal 79(24)
William F. Finzer
Laura Gould
SmallStar: Programming by Demonstration in the Desktop Metaphor 103(22)
Daniel C. Halbert
Peridot: Creating User Interfaces by Demonstration 125(30)
Brad A. Myers
Metamouse: An Instructible Agent for Programming by Demonstration 155(28)
David Maulsby
Ian H. Witten
TELS: Learning Text Editing Tasks from Examples 183(22)
Ian H. Witten
Dan Mo
Eager: Programming Repetitive Tasks by Demonstration 205(14)
Allen Cypher
Garnet: Uses of Demonstrational Techniques 219(20)
Brad A. Myers
The Turvy Experience: Simulating an Instructible Interface 239(32)
David Maulsby
Chimera: Example-Based Graphical Editing 271(22)
David Kurlander
The Geometer's Sketchpad: Programming by Geometry 293(16)
R. Nicholas Jackiw
William F. Finzer
Tourmaline: Text Formatting by Demonstration 309(14)
Brad A. Myers
A History-Based Macro by Example System 323(18)
David Kurlander
Steven Feiner
Mondrian: A Teachable Graphical Editor 341(20)
Henry Lieberman
Triggers: Guiding Automation with Pixels to Achieve Data Access 361(22)
Richard Potter
The AIDE Project: An Application-Independent Demonstrational Environment 383(20)
Philippe P. Piernot
Marc P. Yvon
II Components 403(62)
A History of Editable Graphical Histories 405(10)
David Kurlander
Steven Feiner
Graphical Representation and Feedback in a PBD System 415(8)
Francesmary Modugno
Brad A. Myers
PBD Invocation Techniques: A Review and Proposal 423(10)
David S. Kosbie
Brad A. Myers
A System-Wide Macro Facility Based on Aggregate Events: A Proposal 433(14)
David S. Kosbie
Brad A. Myers
Making Programming Accessible to Visual Problem Solvers 447(10)
Henry Lieberman
Using Voice Input to Disambiguate Intent 457(8)
Alan Turransky
III Perspectives 465(62)
Characterizing PBD Systems 467(18)
Allen Cypher
David S. Kosbie
David Maulsby
Demonstrational Interfaces: A Step Beyond Direct Manipulation 485(28)
Brad A. Myers
Just-in-Time Programming 513(14)
Richard Potter
IV Appendices 527(78)
A A Programming by Demonstration Chronology: 23 Years of Examples 529(10)
David Maulsby
Alan Turransky
B A Test Suite for Programming by Demonstration 539(54)
Richard Potter
David Maulsby
C Glossary 593(12)
Brad A. Myers
David Maulsby
Bibliography 605(32)
Contributors 637(4)
Index 641
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