简介
How will patterns of human interaction with the earth's eco-system impact on biodiversity loss over the long term--not in the next ten or even fifty years, but on the vast temporal scale be dealt with by earth scientists? The contributors to Biodiversity Dynamics bring together the cutting-edge findings of a number of different fields that have traditionally had little cross-over: data from population biology, community ecology, comparative biology, and paleontology are all presented. Editor Michael L. McKinney begins the book with an overview of the concept of biodiversity dynamics, explaining why turnover needs to be addressed in terms of all scales of time and space and why it is so important to look at speciation and extinction together, as interdependent processes. Biodiversity Dynamics is divided into two parts, the first exploring turnover at the species level and the second investigating larger-scale community and ecosystem turnover. Contributors in part 1 write on such topics as the relationship of geographic range to diversification and extinction rates, the phylogenetic constraints on evolution of various traits, and the evolution of complexity. In part 2, papers focus on such subjects as how fine- and course-scale observation of ecosystems often yield widely disparate results, the question of diversity equilibrium over the ages, and how evolutionary turnover is crucial to understanding the origins of biodiversity. Where paleontologists and ecologists have long had divergent perspectives, Biodiversity Dynamics seeks a middle ground, finding ways for both scientific communities to work together to comprehend the great biodiversity of the earth and how to preserve it for future generations.
目录
Contents
INTRODUCTION
CONTRIBUTORS
1. Biodiversity Dynamics: Niche Preemption and Saturation in Diversity Equilibria
Part One: Phylogenetic Turnover: From Populations Through Higher Taxa
2. Do Taxa Persist as Metapopulations in Evolutionary Time?
3. Geographic Range Fragmentation and the Evolution of Biological Diversity
4. Detecting Ecological Pattern in Phylogenies
5. Testing Models of Speciation and Extinction with Phylogenetic Trees of Extant Taxa
6. Dynamics of Diversification in State Space
7. Diversification of Body Sizes: Patterns and Processes in the Assembly of Terrestrial Mammal Faunas
8. The Role of Development in Evolutionary Radiations
9. Evolutionary Turnover and Volatility in Higher Taxa
Part Two: Community Turnover: From Populations Through Global Diversity
10. Scaling the Ecosystem: A Hierarchical View of Stasis and Change
11. Nested Patterns of Species Distribution: Processes and Implications
12. Equilibrial Diversity Dynamics in North American Mammals
13. Scales of Diversification and the Ordovician Radiation
14. Preston’s Ergodic Conjecture: The Accumulation of Species in Space and Time
15. An Intermediate Disturbance Hypothesis of Maximal Speciation
16. Turnover Dynamics Across Ecological and Geological Scales
17. Catastrophic Fluctuations in Nutrient Levels as an Agent of Mass Extinction: Upward Scaling of Ecological Processes?
18. Scale-Independent Interpretations of Macroevolutionary Dynamics
REFERENCES
INDEX
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