简介
This textbook/anthology maps out the major controversies and key positions in the philosophy of religion. The traditional arguments for the existence of God are presented and critiqued (one is tempted to say, refuted), as is the argument from religious experience. The book then moves on to those other, equally thorny, problems evil, the attributes of God, miracles, revelation, death, and immortality. Chapters also consider the relationship between faith and reason (currently a trial separation, with visitation rights), scientific and religious perspectives on evolution, the possibility of religious pluralism, and the connection between religion and ethics. The historical heavyweights are well represented, with excerpts from Aquinas, Hume, Anselm, Kant, James, Freud, Leibniz, Augustine, Plato, Russell, Pascal, Wittgenstein, and Kierkegaard. Annotation c. Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)
目录
Table Of Contents:
Preface vii
Introduction viii
Traditional Arguments for the Existence of God 1(86)
The Cosmological Argument for the Existence of God 2(46)
The Five Ways 3(2)
Thomas Aquinas
The Argument from Contingency 5(1)
Samuel Clarke
A Critique of the Cosmological Argument 6(9)
Paul Edwards
An Examination of the Cosmological Argument 15(9)
William Rowe
The Kalam Cosmological Argument 24(6)
William Lane Craig
Scientific Confirmation of the Cosmological Argument 30(12)
William Lane Craig
A Critique of the Kalam Cosmological Argument 42(6)
Paul Draper
The Teleological Argument for the Existence of God 48(21)
The Watch and the Watchmaker 50(2)
William Paley
A Critique of the Design Argument 52(7)
David Hume
The Argument from Design 59(10)
Richard Swinburne
The Ontological Argument for the Existence of God 69(18)
The Ontological Argument 70(3)
St. Anselm
A Critique of the Ontological Argument 73(3)
Immanuel Kant
Anselm's Two Ontological Arguments 76(11)
Norman Malcolm
The Argument from Religious Experience 87(50)
Selections of Mystical Experiences 92(1)
Mysticism 93(15)
William James
The Future of an Illusion 108(5)
Sigmund Freud
The Argument from Religious Experience 113(8)
C. D. Broad
A Critique of the Argument from Religious Experience 121(9)
Louis P. Pojman
Religious Experience and Religious Belief 130(7)
William P Alston
The Problem of Evil 137(70)
The Argument from Evil 141(5)
David Hume
Theodicy: A Defense of Theism 146(6)
Gottfried Leibniz
Evil and Soul-Making 152(4)
John Hick
A Critique of Hick's Theodicy 156(4)
Edward H. Madden
Peter H. Hare
Evil and Omnipotence 160(7)
J. L. Mackie
The Free Will Defense 167(19)
Alvin Plantinga
The Inductive Argument from Evil Against the Existence of God 186(7)
William Rowe
Evolution and the Problem of Evil 193(14)
Paul Draper
The Attributes of God 207(50)
Time and Eternity 208(23)
Temporal Eternity 209(7)
Stephen T. Davis
The God Beyond Time 216(15)
Hugh J. McCann
God's Omniscience and Human Freedom 231(19)
Divine Foreknowledge and Human Free Will 233(2)
St. Augustine
God's Foreknowledge and Human Free Will Are Incompatible 235(10)
Nelson Pike
God's Foreknowledge and Human Free Will Are Compatible 245(5)
Alvin Plantinga
God's Omnipotence 250(7)
Is God's Power Limited? 251(2)
St. Thomas Aquinas
Some Puzzles Concerning Omnipotence 253(2)
George Mavrodes
The Logic of Omnipotence 255(2)
Harry Frankfurt
Miracles and Revelation 257(46)
Against Miracles 261(8)
David Hume
For the Possibility of Miracles 269(7)
Richard Swinburne
Miracles and Testimony 276(7)
J. L. Mackie
Miracles: What If They Happen? 283(10)
Richard Purtill
Miracles and Revelation 293(10)
Richard Swinburne
Death and Immortality 303(34)
Immortality of the Soul 310(4)
Plato
The Finality of Death 314(3)
Bertrand Russell
Immortality and Resurrection 317(6)
John Hick
Personal Identity and Life After Death 323(10)
Jeffrey Olen
A Hindu Theory of Life, Death, and Reincarnation 333(4)
Prasannatma Das
Faith and Reason 337(110)
Challenges to Faith and Responses 338(21)
Theology and Falsification 339(5)
Antony Flew
R. M. Hare
Basil Mitchell
The Presumption of Atheism 344(8)
Michael Scriven
On Obstinacy in Belief 352(7)
C. S. Lewis
Pragmatic Justification of Religious Belief 359(18)
The Wager 361(2)
Blaise Pascal
The Ethics of Belief 363(5)
W. K. Clifford
The Will to Believe 368(9)
William James
Fideism: Faith Without/Against Reason 377(27)
Subjectivity Is Truth 378(9)
Soren Kierkegaard
A Lecture on Religious Belief 387(4)
Ludwig Wittgenstein
The Groundlessness of Belief 391(8)
Norman Malcolm
A Critique of Fideism 399(5)
Michael Martin
Rationality and Justified Religious Belief 404(43)
Rational Theistic Belief Without Proof 405(9)
John Hick
Religious Belief Without Evidence 414(15)
Alvin Plantinga
A Critique of Plantinga's Religious Epistemology 429(7)
Michael Martin
Faith, Hope, and Doubt 436(11)
Louis P Pojman
Science, Religion, and Evolution 447(50)
Science Versus Religion 451(4)
Richard Dawkins
Creationism Versus Evolution 455(5)
Duane Gish
Theories, Facts, and Gods: Philosophical Aspects of the Creation-Evolution Controversy 460(5)
A. David Kline
Evolution and Creation Reconciled 465(10)
Langdon Gilkey
The Christian Argument Against Evolutionary Naturalism 475(9)
Alvin Plantinga
Plantinga's Evolutionary Meditations 484(8)
Ernest Sosa
Reply to Sosa 492(5)
Alvin Plantinga
Religious Pluralism 497(50)
Religious Pluralism and Ultimate Reality 499(8)
John Hick
A Defense of Religious Exclusivism 507(14)
Alvin Plantinga
Hick's Religious Pluralism and ``Reformed Epistemology''-A Middle Ground 521(7)
David Basinger
Buddhism, Christianity, and the Prospects for World Religion 528(5)
Dalai Lama
God, Commitment, and Other Faiths: Pluralism Versus Relativism 533(14)
Joseph Runzo
Religion and Ethics 547(31)
Morality and Religion 549(1)
Plato
Morality: Religious and Secular 550(11)
Patrick Nowell-Smith
Religion and the Queerness of Morality 561(8)
George Mavrodes
A Free Man's Worship 569(5)
Bertrand Russell
Religion Gives Meaning to Life 574(4)
Lois Hope Walker
Bibliography 578
Preface vii
Introduction viii
Traditional Arguments for the Existence of God 1(86)
The Cosmological Argument for the Existence of God 2(46)
The Five Ways 3(2)
Thomas Aquinas
The Argument from Contingency 5(1)
Samuel Clarke
A Critique of the Cosmological Argument 6(9)
Paul Edwards
An Examination of the Cosmological Argument 15(9)
William Rowe
The Kalam Cosmological Argument 24(6)
William Lane Craig
Scientific Confirmation of the Cosmological Argument 30(12)
William Lane Craig
A Critique of the Kalam Cosmological Argument 42(6)
Paul Draper
The Teleological Argument for the Existence of God 48(21)
The Watch and the Watchmaker 50(2)
William Paley
A Critique of the Design Argument 52(7)
David Hume
The Argument from Design 59(10)
Richard Swinburne
The Ontological Argument for the Existence of God 69(18)
The Ontological Argument 70(3)
St. Anselm
A Critique of the Ontological Argument 73(3)
Immanuel Kant
Anselm's Two Ontological Arguments 76(11)
Norman Malcolm
The Argument from Religious Experience 87(50)
Selections of Mystical Experiences 92(1)
Mysticism 93(15)
William James
The Future of an Illusion 108(5)
Sigmund Freud
The Argument from Religious Experience 113(8)
C. D. Broad
A Critique of the Argument from Religious Experience 121(9)
Louis P. Pojman
Religious Experience and Religious Belief 130(7)
William P Alston
The Problem of Evil 137(70)
The Argument from Evil 141(5)
David Hume
Theodicy: A Defense of Theism 146(6)
Gottfried Leibniz
Evil and Soul-Making 152(4)
John Hick
A Critique of Hick's Theodicy 156(4)
Edward H. Madden
Peter H. Hare
Evil and Omnipotence 160(7)
J. L. Mackie
The Free Will Defense 167(19)
Alvin Plantinga
The Inductive Argument from Evil Against the Existence of God 186(7)
William Rowe
Evolution and the Problem of Evil 193(14)
Paul Draper
The Attributes of God 207(50)
Time and Eternity 208(23)
Temporal Eternity 209(7)
Stephen T. Davis
The God Beyond Time 216(15)
Hugh J. McCann
God's Omniscience and Human Freedom 231(19)
Divine Foreknowledge and Human Free Will 233(2)
St. Augustine
God's Foreknowledge and Human Free Will Are Incompatible 235(10)
Nelson Pike
God's Foreknowledge and Human Free Will Are Compatible 245(5)
Alvin Plantinga
God's Omnipotence 250(7)
Is God's Power Limited? 251(2)
St. Thomas Aquinas
Some Puzzles Concerning Omnipotence 253(2)
George Mavrodes
The Logic of Omnipotence 255(2)
Harry Frankfurt
Miracles and Revelation 257(46)
Against Miracles 261(8)
David Hume
For the Possibility of Miracles 269(7)
Richard Swinburne
Miracles and Testimony 276(7)
J. L. Mackie
Miracles: What If They Happen? 283(10)
Richard Purtill
Miracles and Revelation 293(10)
Richard Swinburne
Death and Immortality 303(34)
Immortality of the Soul 310(4)
Plato
The Finality of Death 314(3)
Bertrand Russell
Immortality and Resurrection 317(6)
John Hick
Personal Identity and Life After Death 323(10)
Jeffrey Olen
A Hindu Theory of Life, Death, and Reincarnation 333(4)
Prasannatma Das
Faith and Reason 337(110)
Challenges to Faith and Responses 338(21)
Theology and Falsification 339(5)
Antony Flew
R. M. Hare
Basil Mitchell
The Presumption of Atheism 344(8)
Michael Scriven
On Obstinacy in Belief 352(7)
C. S. Lewis
Pragmatic Justification of Religious Belief 359(18)
The Wager 361(2)
Blaise Pascal
The Ethics of Belief 363(5)
W. K. Clifford
The Will to Believe 368(9)
William James
Fideism: Faith Without/Against Reason 377(27)
Subjectivity Is Truth 378(9)
Soren Kierkegaard
A Lecture on Religious Belief 387(4)
Ludwig Wittgenstein
The Groundlessness of Belief 391(8)
Norman Malcolm
A Critique of Fideism 399(5)
Michael Martin
Rationality and Justified Religious Belief 404(43)
Rational Theistic Belief Without Proof 405(9)
John Hick
Religious Belief Without Evidence 414(15)
Alvin Plantinga
A Critique of Plantinga's Religious Epistemology 429(7)
Michael Martin
Faith, Hope, and Doubt 436(11)
Louis P Pojman
Science, Religion, and Evolution 447(50)
Science Versus Religion 451(4)
Richard Dawkins
Creationism Versus Evolution 455(5)
Duane Gish
Theories, Facts, and Gods: Philosophical Aspects of the Creation-Evolution Controversy 460(5)
A. David Kline
Evolution and Creation Reconciled 465(10)
Langdon Gilkey
The Christian Argument Against Evolutionary Naturalism 475(9)
Alvin Plantinga
Plantinga's Evolutionary Meditations 484(8)
Ernest Sosa
Reply to Sosa 492(5)
Alvin Plantinga
Religious Pluralism 497(50)
Religious Pluralism and Ultimate Reality 499(8)
John Hick
A Defense of Religious Exclusivism 507(14)
Alvin Plantinga
Hick's Religious Pluralism and ``Reformed Epistemology''-A Middle Ground 521(7)
David Basinger
Buddhism, Christianity, and the Prospects for World Religion 528(5)
Dalai Lama
God, Commitment, and Other Faiths: Pluralism Versus Relativism 533(14)
Joseph Runzo
Religion and Ethics 547(31)
Morality and Religion 549(1)
Plato
Morality: Religious and Secular 550(11)
Patrick Nowell-Smith
Religion and the Queerness of Morality 561(8)
George Mavrodes
A Free Man's Worship 569(5)
Bertrand Russell
Religion Gives Meaning to Life 574(4)
Lois Hope Walker
Bibliography 578
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