简介
Summary:
Publisher Summary 1
Cybernetics is often thought of as a grim military or industrial science of control. But as Andrew Pickering reveals in this beguiling book, a much more lively and experimental strain of cybernetics can be traced from the 1940s to the present.
The Cybernetic Brainexplores a largely forgotten group of British thinkers, including Grey Walter, Ross Ashby, Gregory Bateson, R. D. Laing, Stafford Beer, and Gordon Pask, and their singular work in a dazzling array of fields. Psychiatry, engineering, management, politics, music, architecture, education, tantric yoga, the Beats, and the sixties counterculture all come into play as Pickering follows the history of cybernetics' impact on the world, from contemporary robotics and complexity theory to the Chilean economy under Salvador Allende. What underpins this fascinating history, Pickering contends, is a shared but unconventional vision of the world as ultimately unknowable, a place where genuine novelty is always emerging. And thus, Pickering avers, the history of cybernetics provides us with an imaginative model of open-ended experimentation in stark opposition to the modern urge to achieve domination over nature and each other.
目录
Table Of Contents:
Acknowledgments ix
1 The Adaptive Brain 12(5)
2 Ontological Theater 17(20)
PART 1 PSYCHIATRY TO CYBERNETICS
3 Grey Walter: From Electroshock to the Psychedelic Sixties 37(54)
The Tortoise And The Brain 41(7)
Tortoise Ontology 48(4)
Tortoises As Not-Brains 52(2)
The Social Basis Of Cybernetics 54(6)
Rodney Brooks And Robotics 60(4)
Cora And Machina Docilisi 64(3)
Cybernetics And Madness 67(6)
Strange Performances 73(3)
Flicker 76(2)
Flicker And The Sixties 78(5)
Biofeedback And New Music 83(8)
4 Ross Ashby: Psychiatry, Synthetic Brains, and Cybernetics 91(80)
The Pathological Brain 94(3)
Ashby's Hobby 97(4)
The Homeostat 101(4)
The Homeostat As Ontological Theater 105(7)
The Social Basis Of Ashby's Cybernetics 112(3)
Design For A Brain 115(7)
Dams 122(9)
Madness Revisited 131(8)
Adaptation, War, And Society 139(6)
Cybernetics As A Theory Of Everything 145(4)
Cybernetics And Epistemology 149(7)
A New Kind Of Science: Alexander, Kauffman, And Wolfram 156(15)
5 Gregory Bateson and R. D. Laing: Symmetry, Psychiatry, and the Sixties 171(44)
Gregory Bateson 173(2)
Schizophrenia And Enlightenment 175(4)
Therapy 179(1)
As Nomad 180(3)
R. D. Laing 183(3)
On Therapy 186(5)
Kingsley Hall 191(4)
Archway 195(3)
Coupled Becomings, Inner Voyages, Aftermath 198(6)
Psychiatry And The Sixties 204(6)
Ontology, Power, And Revealing 210(5)
PART 2 BEYOND THE BRAIN
6 Stafford Beer: From the Cybernetic Factory to Tantric Yoga 215(94)
From Operations Research To Cybernetics 220(3)
Toward The Cybernetic Factory 223(8)
Biological Computing 231(3)
Ontology And Design 234(3)
The Social Basis Of Beer's Cybernetics 237(3)
The Afterlife Of Biological Computing 240(3)
The Viable System Model 243(7)
The Vsm As Ontology And Epistemology 250(3)
The Vsm In Practice 253(3)
Chile: Project Cybersyn 256(5)
The Politics Of The Vsm 261(3)
The Political Critique Of Cybernetics 264(5)
On Goals 269(5)
The Politics Of Interacting Systems 274(4)
Team Syntegrity 278(5)
Cybernetics And Spirituality 283(2)
Hylozoism 285(5)
Tantrism 290(12)
Brian Eno And New Music 302(7)
7 Gordon Pask: From Chemical Computers to Adaptive Archictecture 309(70)
Musicolour 313(4)
The History Of Musicolour 317(2)
Musicolour And Ontology 319(2)
Ontology And Aesthetics 321(3)
The Social Basis Of Pask's Cybernetics 324(1)
Training Machines 325(4)
Teaching Machines 329(5)
Chemical Computers 334(2)
Threads 336(5)
New Senses 341(2)
The Epistemology Of Cybernetic Research 343(3)
Cas, Social Science, And F-22S 346(1)
The Arts And The Sixties 347(1)
Cybernetic Theater 348(5)
Cybernetic Serendipity 353(8)
The Social Basis Again 361(3)
The Fun Palace 364(7)
After The Sixties: Adaptive Architecture 371(8)
8 Sketches of Another Future 379(24)
Themes From The History Of Cybernetics 380(1)
Ontology 380(2)
Design 382(1)
Power 382(2)
The Arts 384(1)
Selves 384(1)
Spirituality 385(2)
The Sixties 387(1)
Altered States 387(1)
The Social Basis 388(2)
Sketches Of Another Future 390(13)
Notes 403(76)
References 479(24)
Index 503
Acknowledgments ix
1 The Adaptive Brain 12(5)
2 Ontological Theater 17(20)
PART 1 PSYCHIATRY TO CYBERNETICS
3 Grey Walter: From Electroshock to the Psychedelic Sixties 37(54)
The Tortoise And The Brain 41(7)
Tortoise Ontology 48(4)
Tortoises As Not-Brains 52(2)
The Social Basis Of Cybernetics 54(6)
Rodney Brooks And Robotics 60(4)
Cora And Machina Docilisi 64(3)
Cybernetics And Madness 67(6)
Strange Performances 73(3)
Flicker 76(2)
Flicker And The Sixties 78(5)
Biofeedback And New Music 83(8)
4 Ross Ashby: Psychiatry, Synthetic Brains, and Cybernetics 91(80)
The Pathological Brain 94(3)
Ashby's Hobby 97(4)
The Homeostat 101(4)
The Homeostat As Ontological Theater 105(7)
The Social Basis Of Ashby's Cybernetics 112(3)
Design For A Brain 115(7)
Dams 122(9)
Madness Revisited 131(8)
Adaptation, War, And Society 139(6)
Cybernetics As A Theory Of Everything 145(4)
Cybernetics And Epistemology 149(7)
A New Kind Of Science: Alexander, Kauffman, And Wolfram 156(15)
5 Gregory Bateson and R. D. Laing: Symmetry, Psychiatry, and the Sixties 171(44)
Gregory Bateson 173(2)
Schizophrenia And Enlightenment 175(4)
Therapy 179(1)
As Nomad 180(3)
R. D. Laing 183(3)
On Therapy 186(5)
Kingsley Hall 191(4)
Archway 195(3)
Coupled Becomings, Inner Voyages, Aftermath 198(6)
Psychiatry And The Sixties 204(6)
Ontology, Power, And Revealing 210(5)
PART 2 BEYOND THE BRAIN
6 Stafford Beer: From the Cybernetic Factory to Tantric Yoga 215(94)
From Operations Research To Cybernetics 220(3)
Toward The Cybernetic Factory 223(8)
Biological Computing 231(3)
Ontology And Design 234(3)
The Social Basis Of Beer's Cybernetics 237(3)
The Afterlife Of Biological Computing 240(3)
The Viable System Model 243(7)
The Vsm As Ontology And Epistemology 250(3)
The Vsm In Practice 253(3)
Chile: Project Cybersyn 256(5)
The Politics Of The Vsm 261(3)
The Political Critique Of Cybernetics 264(5)
On Goals 269(5)
The Politics Of Interacting Systems 274(4)
Team Syntegrity 278(5)
Cybernetics And Spirituality 283(2)
Hylozoism 285(5)
Tantrism 290(12)
Brian Eno And New Music 302(7)
7 Gordon Pask: From Chemical Computers to Adaptive Archictecture 309(70)
Musicolour 313(4)
The History Of Musicolour 317(2)
Musicolour And Ontology 319(2)
Ontology And Aesthetics 321(3)
The Social Basis Of Pask's Cybernetics 324(1)
Training Machines 325(4)
Teaching Machines 329(5)
Chemical Computers 334(2)
Threads 336(5)
New Senses 341(2)
The Epistemology Of Cybernetic Research 343(3)
Cas, Social Science, And F-22S 346(1)
The Arts And The Sixties 347(1)
Cybernetic Theater 348(5)
Cybernetic Serendipity 353(8)
The Social Basis Again 361(3)
The Fun Palace 364(7)
After The Sixties: Adaptive Architecture 371(8)
8 Sketches of Another Future 379(24)
Themes From The History Of Cybernetics 380(1)
Ontology 380(2)
Design 382(1)
Power 382(2)
The Arts 384(1)
Selves 384(1)
Spirituality 385(2)
The Sixties 387(1)
Altered States 387(1)
The Social Basis 388(2)
Sketches Of Another Future 390(13)
Notes 403(76)
References 479(24)
Index 503
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